The huge stock of rural homestead resources needs to be activated.

The reform of the land system is the core of the new round of rural reform, and it is the basic work to once again release the dividend to promote rural development and accelerate the process of new urbanization. The rural homestead with a huge stock area is an important part of the land reform. It is of great significance to find out the base number and usage of rural homestead and to find out the methods and ways to activate homestead resources. Recently, the author conducted an in-depth investigation on the rural homestead in Xiaoliangou Town, Shangyi County, Hebei Province.

First, the huge stock of rural homestead resources need to be activated urgently.

Xiaoliangou Town is not only a typical mountain town, but also a typical agricultural town, with a total area of 380square kilometers. It has jurisdiction over 17 administrative villages and 48 natural villages, with a registered population of 10985, including 7492 agricultural people, 5716 permanent residents and 5269 migrant workers. most of them are agricultural people. According to Shangyi Statistical Yearbook 2012, the per capita income of farmers is 5300 yuan, ranking second among the 14 townships in the county and 18 percentage points higher than the per capita income of farmers in the county (4484 yuan). According to statistics, the total area of rural homestead in Xiaoliangou town is close to 1600 mu, but due to a large number of rural labor going out to work, a large number of houses in the village have been uninhabited for a long time, and nearly half of the homestead is idle.

From the point of view of distribution, it shows the characteristics of more and more. According to the statistical data, there are 353 households and 848 idle houses in 6 villages along the highway, with a total homestead area of 21.97 mu, accounting for about 35% of the total homestead area, and 72 households and 193 short-term idle houses, accounting for about 8% of the total homestead area. idle houses account for about 45% of the houses in the village. In the more remote 9 villages, there are 1615 idle houses all the year round, with a total area of 39.95 mu, accounting for about 42% of the total area of the homestead, and 276 households and 633 short-term idle houses, with a total area of 15,566 mu, accounting for about 15% of the total area of the homestead, accounting for about 58% of the houses in the village. The most remote 2 administrative villages and 6 natural villages have 568 idle houses all the year round, with a total homestead area of 14.05 mu, accounting for about 55% of the total homestead area, and 91 households and 258 short-term idle houses, with a total homestead area of 6.38 mu, accounting for about 22% of the total homestead area. Idle houses account for about 78% of the houses in the village, and the more remote areas, the higher the idle rate of rural houses.

From the perspective of long-term development, it presents more and more characteristics. Except for the houses in Xiaolangou village where the town is located, there is basically no idle residence, the proportion of people going out in other villages accounts for more than 1/3 of the whole village population, and some villages reach half or even more than 2/3. The population in the village is also dominated by the elderly, and half of the population is over 60. Young and middle-aged people who go out are rarely willing to return to the village to live. Over the past 20 years, the affection and connection between the migrant population and the village has become less and less. Migrant workers have gone out from being busy at home to going out for the Mid-Autumn Festival to go home. Now, basically, they come back to visit the elderly occasionally for a few years all year round. In the past, the male labor force went out and the wife and children worked at home, but now the whole family goes out more and more, and the number of remote villages even reaches more than 80%. The desire of migrant people to return to their hometown is very small, except that when they are old, they are unable to make a living in the city and are forced to live in their hometown, the proportion of people who voluntarily return to live in the village is very small. In this case, with the gradual disappearance of the elderly population, there will be more and more idle homestead, and many villages will gradually disappear.

From the perspective of housing investment, it shows less and less characteristics. As the willingness of migrant farmers to return to their hometown decreases year by year, the investment in housing also decreases compared with the same period last year. Originally go out to make money, go back to the village to build houses, now it is the city to make money, strive for the city to buy a house, even if the working city can not afford to buy a house, but also choose to buy a house in the county or surrounding towns. The population in the village is old, the income is low, the willingness to improve living conditions is not strong, housing investment is basically limited to repair, renovation and reconstruction is very few. In recent years, in addition to the relatively large number of new houses built in the town, and the construction of a residential area of 12000 square meters, which can live outside, there are few new houses in the central villages on both sides of the highway, and remote villages are basically limited to renovation. funds also mainly come from the renovation of dilapidated houses in rural areas in policy projects. In the past, the owners of the idle houses left by villagers going out to work would often come back to take care of them. In recent years, except for those taken care of by relatives in the village, they are basically in a state of abandonment. They can only collapse all the year round, and now many old houses have collapsed walls.

Second, the activation of rural homestead resources must be through reform.

According to the Land Management Law, rural land is collectively owned by the village, farmers have only the right to use the homestead, and villagers are only allowed to have one homestead. However, after the villagers build the building and apply for the homestead certificate and house property certificate, the homestead is essentially occupied by the villagers, the house can be rented, and the homestead can be transferred and inherited among the collective members. In fact, the rural homestead presents a very complex situation.

The first is the coexistence of village hollowness and relocation. The old village in the mountain area is generally built on the sunny side of the sloping land, although it is conducive to drainage, but the terrain is uneven and it is inconvenient to get in and out. After the reform, new houses are generally built in areas with flat terrain and convenient transportation, and large-scale ones often form the migration of the whole village. only a few elderly people live in the old village, or no one lives at all, so many farmers own two homesteads. Due to the shortage of homestead in more villages, new housing can only be expanded outside the village. However, no matter it is the old village or the new village, due to the decrease of resident population, it is often a mixture of idle houses and people living houses. At present, the hollow phenomenon is quite serious. Among the 48 natural villages in Xiaoliangou Town, there are 14 hollow villages, with a proportion of 29% (the idle rate of housing is more than 50%), and the area of idle homestead reaches 230.5 mu.

The second is the combination of inter-village differences and intra-village differences. The area of rural homestead in Xiaoliangou town is 400 square meters, but due to the different geographical environment and land conditions of each village, the actual area of each village is not the same, less or even less than 200 square meters. Within each village, due to historical reasons, the area of the old house is different from that of the new house, coupled with the relationship between the location of the house, and some of the open land may be occupied by less batches and more than before approval, and the actual area occupied by the villagers' homestead is quite different, with large ones even more than 1 mu and small ones only more than 100 square meters.