Take the road of the development of cooperatives with Chinese characteristics

In recent years, farmers' cooperatives in China have developed vigorously, and the situation is very gratifying. The broad masses of cadres and masses in rural areas have created a lot of valuable experience in studying and exploring how to develop cooperatives well and quickly. Reviewing the development history of farmers' cooperatives since the reform and opening up, we deeply feel that if cooperatives want to be supported by the broad masses of farmers and achieve sustainable development, we must adhere to the road of common prosperity, the road of modern agriculture, the road of green and organic, the road of civilization and harmony, which is the road of the development of cooperatives with Chinese characteristics.

First, take the road of common prosperity and adhere to the direction of socialism

The report of the 18th CPC National Congress pointed out that "common prosperity is the fundamental principle of socialism with Chinese characteristics". Only taking the road of common prosperity is socialism, and the polarization between a small number of people rich and the majority poor is not socialism. At present, in the spring tide of urbanization in rural areas of our country, a large number of farmers go to work in cities, leaving most of them the elderly, women and children. In some areas, the land is barren and villages are neglected. In the face of the complex market economy, how can farmers get rid of the predicament and achieve common prosperity? The establishment of co-operatives pointed out a path of hope for them. Article 3 of the Law of the people's Republic of China on Farmers' specialized Cooperatives (hereinafter referred to as the Law on specialized Cooperatives) clearly stipulates that "serving members and seeking the common interests of all members" is a principle that farmers' professional cooperatives should follow. Practice has proved that in recent years, cooperatives have made remarkable achievements in seeking the common interests of all members by giving full play to their own advantages, self-reliance and hard struggle, while maintaining the dominant position of their members politically. Economically, it has also become an important channel for farmers to increase their income and become rich. the income of farmers in many farmers' cooperatives is more than 20% higher than that of other farmers, and some are even higher.

In order to achieve the goal of common prosperity, cooperatives need to deal with the following relations: first, to properly handle the relationship between cooperative members and capable large families, leading enterprises. While ensuring the dominant position of the broad masses of peasant members and giving full play to their role as masters, it is also necessary to mobilize the enthusiasm of capable and large households and leading enterprises to make them contribute to the running of cooperatives. To this end, we should not only respect the enthusiasm of the broad masses of farmers to join the cooperative, lower the threshold for joining the cooperative, and ensure that peasant members account for at least 80% of the total number of cooperative members, but also ensure that enterprises, institutions or social organizations account for a certain proportion in accordance with the regulations. It is necessary to guarantee not only the basic voting rights of cooperative members with one person, one vote, but also the additional voting rights enjoyed by members with a relatively large amount of capital contribution or transactions with the cooperative, provided that the total number of votes shall not exceed 20% of the total number of basic voting rights. It is necessary to ensure that the distributable surplus after making up for losses and withdrawing the provident fund is returned to the members in proportion to the transaction volume (amount) between the members and the club, the proportion shall not be less than 60% of the surplus, and the remaining part after the return shall be guaranteed, according to the amount of capital contribution and the share of the provident fund recorded in the member's account, as well as the share of the property formed by the society's acceptance of direct state financial subsidies and donations from others to the members, and distributed to the members in proportion. Second, it is necessary to properly handle the relationship among the general assembly of members (representatives), the council, and the board of supervisors, and to ensure that the implementation of the general assembly of members as an organ of power has a bearing on the vital interests of members and the major matters stipulated in the Law on Professional Cooperatives, it must be decided by the general assembly of members. Do not turn the membership meeting into a voting machine manipulated by a small number of people. At the same time, we should give full play to the role of the board of directors and the board of supervisors, properly handle the relationship among decision-making, implementation, and supervision, and ensure that cooperatives operate healthily, and there will not be a monopoly or a small number of people who have the final say. The third is to properly handle the relationship between cooperatives actively generating income, making profits and serving their members wholeheartedly in their external business. Cooperatives should actively carry out foreign business and strive to increase income so as to lay an economic foundation for common prosperity. At the same time, we should adhere to the spirit of "serving members as the purpose" stipulated in the Professional Cooperative Law, and provide low-cost and convenient services to the broad masses of farmers in a timely and efficient manner. only in this way can we maximize the enthusiasm of members to unite and cooperate to enter the market. Fourth, properly handle the relationship between government support and independent development. At present, cooperatives have encountered many difficulties in their development, especially in the aspects of capital, talent, product sales and so on. Cooperatives cannot overcome these difficulties without the support of the government. However, government support will play an effective role only on the basis of the independent development of cooperatives. Otherwise, no matter how good the government's support policies are, common prosperity cannot be achieved. To achieve common prosperity, there must be an important premise, that is, cooperatives must have leaders and backbones who are enterprising, know how to operate and know how to manage, and they are the guarantee for farmers to develop and become rich. The Quanming Aquatic products Professional Cooperative led by Wu Quanming in Xiantao City, Hubei Province, the Zhengrong Farm planting Professional Cooperative led by Liu Ruozheng in Jingshan County, Hubei Province, and the Dingsheng Fruit Industry Cooperative led by Zhi Chengsong in Xinyi City, Jiangsu Province, a number of advanced and vivid examples strongly prove this point.

Second, take the road of modern agriculture and make the cooperatives bigger and stronger.

As the saying goes, the big river has no water and the small river is dry, but the big river is full of water. In order to achieve common prosperity for the peasants, co-operatives must first make themselves bigger and stronger. The development of modern agriculture is an important way for cooperatives to become bigger and stronger.

Modern agriculture needs cooperatives, and the development and growth of cooperatives also needs modern agriculture. The organizational form of cooperatives overcomes the disadvantages of decentralized operation of the household contract responsibility system, and integrates the resource elements such as land, labor, capital, science and technology by giving full play to the advantages of "unification". It provides good environmental conditions for the development of modern agriculture. At the same time, the development of modern agriculture has also promoted cooperatives to achieve large-scale, industrialization and intensification as soon as possible, and accelerate the increase of farmers' income and the development and growth of collective economy. To develop modern agriculture, information is the forerunner, science and technology is the driving force, management is the key, and input is the guarantee. Cooperatives should, with the strong support of the government, arm themselves with the information concept of modern agriculture, enrich themselves with modern scientific and technological talents and new professional farmers, improve themselves with modern management methods, and equip themselves with modern materials and technology. constantly enhance the ability of self-development. Hubei Chunhui Group is a good example. Under the leadership of Chairman Tan Lunwei, the Group has set up three types and four cooperatives, including land shares, agricultural machinery specialty and production management, to actively develop modern agriculture. By establishing their own Academy of Agricultural Sciences, inviting expert guidance and introducing advanced science and technology, they did a good job in the management of seed selection, seedling raising, fertilization, prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, and took the lead in realizing science and technology and improving the content of agricultural science and technology and land output rate. Through land circulation to do a good job in farmland capital construction, while increasing capital investment, took the lead in realizing agricultural mechanization. By developing the processing of agricultural products, expanding sales and widening the channels to increase income, the income of collectives and individual farmers has been increased, a win-win situation for enterprises and cooperatives has been realized, and the product sales market has rapidly expanded to dozens of large and medium-sized cities inside and outside the province.