Peanut prices are high and look forward to rising in the future.

In the continuous autumn rain on September 17, Zhuang Bingwen, a big peanut grower in Qiu Geng Village, Huagou Town, Gaoqing County, Shandong Province, was busy spreading newly harvested peanuts in his shack. "it's troublesome to catch up with Lianyin for three or four days. These undried peanuts are prone to mildew and blackening, which will affect the selling price." Zhuang Bingwen said that he has planted 12 mu of peanuts this year, with a yield of about 1000 jin per mu. The current price is a little higher than last year, and he is worried that the quality is not good enough to sell at a good price.

Shandong is the main peanut producing area in China. According to relevant experts from the Peanut Institute of the Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, due to the low peanut income last year and the early dry weather, the sown area and harvest area of peanuts have decreased this year. At present, the purchase price of the scale is more than 2.8 yuan per jin, which is higher than that of the same period last year. The recent week is the harvest peak, but generally encountered continuous autumn rain, affecting the harvest and timely drying, resulting in a decline in quality. Comprehensive analysis, the price trend of peanuts will continue to rise.

Gaoqing County, located in the flooded area of the Yellow River, is mostly sandy soil, which is more suitable for growing peanuts. The area of peanuts in the county is maintained at more than 20,000 mu all the year round.

According to Zhuang Bingwen, planting peanuts is now basically mechanized, with sowing, film mulching, and four ridges in one machine, completed at one time. When the seeds are sown into the soil, there is basically no need to control them. What the daily management needs to do is to apply medicine, fertilize, control insects and control prosperity. The drought in Shandong is serious this year, but Gaoqing is not a heavy drought area. coupled with the good irrigation conditions, the peanut yield has not been affected much. in general, the yield of the plot is 1000 jin per mu, and the high-yield plot can reach 1200 jin.

Geng Peihong, 50, who has planted 7 mu of peanuts this year, is a "careful man" in the fields. "on average, 150 yuan is obtained from the application of 3 square soil fertilizers and 50 kilograms of diamine per mu, 12 yuan for 2 kilograms of plastic film, 40 yuan for machine ploughing, 50 yuan for machine harvest, and 36 jin of seeds, totaling 216 yuan. It will cost 15 yuan to control prosperity and insects three times. According to the weighing price this year, the income per mu is about 2000 yuan, which is more cost-effective than planting wheat and corn. However, peanuts use more labor in the harvest link, generally 1 to 2 workers, a total of about 5 workers. " Geng Peihong told reporters with her farming notebook.

Gao Qing's peanut growers report that there are two main problems in growing peanuts. First, there are few specialized peanut machinery, and the harvest link is that the tractor welds on the Daping hoe to turn over the peanuts in the field, then bring the peanuts home, and then manually beat the fruit down, consuming manpower. It is said that there are special harvesting machines, but the peanut area of local growers is generally small, so it is not realistic to spend 30,000 to 40,000 yuan on machinery. In addition, the problem of drying peanuts is not easy to solve. Peanuts should be dried in time after harvest, otherwise they will become moldy and discolored, affect their appearance, and take up space for drying. Farmers generally air on the road or on the roof, and there is a lack of special drying space. The problem is all the more obvious when we catch up with the rainy weather this year.

Du Zuozhong, deputy director of the Agricultural Bureau of Gaoqing County, said that the area of peanuts in the county reached 25000 mu last year, because the price per jin the year before last was 1 yuan higher than that of the normal year. Prices returned to rationality last year, and acreage has fallen again this year.

"now to grow peanuts, peanut seed is the key, and it's best to change it once a year. Farmers generally have a high understanding of improved crop varieties, but there are also many farmers to keep seeds. It is OK for peanuts to stay for two to three years, but no matter how long it takes, the crop quality will deteriorate, affecting yield and quality, and the loss outweighs the gain. " Du Zuozhong said.

He also concluded that there are three issues that need to be paid attention to in peanut cultivation.

First, the problem of "the last kilometer" was encountered in the promotion of new technology. Because farming is now middle-aged and elderly, most of them follow the farming management methods they are accustomed to, and it will take some time for them to understand and apply new technologies.

The second is the problem of straw treatment. Peanut straw is a high-quality feed, because to cover agricultural film, the straw is mixed with plastic, and it takes a lot of manpower to remove the plastic, which reduces the effective utilization rate of this resource.

Third, it is difficult to popularize machinery. Peanut is a small miscellaneous grain, which is different from field crops. Farmers mostly plant in scattered corners, which is not conducive to mechanical farming. At present, most of the manipulators carry out ploughing, sowing and ploughing of peanuts after mechanical transformation, and most of them are manual work in the harvest process.

In Gaoqing, there are also many small-scale peanut processing and acquisition enterprises, business is still booming.

Tian Quan, in Liuxinnan Village, Hailizhai Town, runs an oil extraction workshop. The oil extraction technology is handed down from family to family, and most of the time, it is used to extract oil for farmers from street to street. "most of what we do is processing supplied materials, charging a certain processing fee, and now we charge 70 cents for processing a jin of peanuts. The process of squeezing oil is to enlarge the skin, stir-fry in the pan, and then press the oil. Generally, 100 jin of peanuts can produce 28 jin of oil, and the extracted oil is pure peanut oil. In the past few years, we have processed a lot of peanut oil, and the business is good. Last year, the processing volume reached 6 tons. " Tian Quan said.

There are also brokers in the peanut collection and storage business, who drive into the village to buy peanuts. After the peanuts are collected, they are mainly sold to large-scale peanut oil processing enterprises to earn the price difference, generally earning 0.1 yuan per jin of peanuts, while some of them are purchased and reserved for sale after processing in their own oil factories. This year, Tian Quan began to do so, squatting to buy peanuts near Xingwang Village, near Huagou Town, and is now buying 1-2 tons a day.