Three major crop varieties bright "bottom" to see the trend

Wheat: complete a new round of variety replacement + leading combination fist

In the past 20 years, the main wheat varieties have been renewed faster than the dominant varieties, the time of renewal in the main producing areas is faster than that in the secondary main producing areas, and a new round of variety replacement has been basically completed in each major wheat producing areas. the dominant varieties and main variety groups have been gradually replaced by new variety groups.

Brighten the "family background"

Huang-Huai winter wheat area. In 2001, with the popularization and area expansion of Zhengmai 9023, Yannong 19, Han 6172, Jimai 20, Jimai 19, etc., the wheat area entered the eighth variety change; in 2005, the eighth variety exchange was basically completed; in 2008, with the popularization and expansion of varieties such as Jimai 22, Bainong AK58, Xinong 979, Zhengmai 366, Zhoumai 22, Liangxing 66, etc., the southern part of this wheat area entered the ninth variety change. In 2011, the ninth replacement has been basically completed.

Winter wheat area in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Since 2001, the sixth variety exchange has been completed with the popularization and area expansion of Zhengmai 9023 and Yangmai 16 in this wheat area, and Yangmai 158, the leading variety changed for the fifth time, still has a large area and is one of the main variety groups in this area. with the approval and promotion of a number of new varieties with better comprehensive characters, this area will enter the seventh variety exchange.

Southwest winter wheat area. After 2000, due to the prevalence of new races of stripe rust "Tiaozhong 31" and "Tiaozhong 32", the disease resistance of the leading varieties and main variety groups changed for the fifth time lost. In production, the planting area was gradually replaced by new varieties such as Chuanmai 107, Chuanmai 42, Mianyang 31, Neimai 836 and so on. However, in recent years, due to the low efficiency of planting wheat in this wheat area, the planting area of wheat has decreased a lot, and the popularization speed of new varieties is slow, so it is difficult to appear large-scale popularized varieties such as Mianyang 26.

Forecast of approved varieties and emerging varieties

The south of Huang-Huai winter wheat area. In recent years, the national approved varieties Fengde Cunmai 1, Zhoumai 26, Zhoumai 28, Bainong 207 and the promising varieties Huaimai 33 (Huaimai 0882), Han 6073 and Cunmai 8 are expected to promote the 10th variety change in the south of Huang-Huai winter wheat region. it has become the leading variety in the south of Huang-Huai.

The north slice of Huang-Huai winter wheat area. Jimai 22 will be the leading variety in the north of Huang-Huai winter wheat region for a long time. The extension area of Liangxing 66 is expected to be further expanded, but the successor variety has not yet been seen. Yangmai 20, Yangmai 22, Yangmai 23 and Zhenmai 9 in the winter wheat area of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Chuanmai 104 and Zhongmai 816 in the southwest winter wheat region, and Zhongmai 816 in the northern winter wheat region may be popularized in a large area and become the variety of Jimai 22. Enrich the variety layout of Huanghuai north.

Look at the trend

Changguang suitable for high yield type, such as Jimai 22, Bainong AK58, Zhoumai 22, Han 6172 and so on. The suitable sowing time is long, the sowing rate is wide, the adaptability is wide, and it is not very sensitive to the soil fertility level, so it is suitable for extensive cultivation and management.

High-quality, high-yield and stable yield types, such as Zhengmai 9023, Jimai 20, Zhengmai 366, Xinong 979, Yangmai 15 and so on.

Drought-resistant and water-saving types, such as Shijiazhuang 8, Shimai 15, Yannong 21, Luohan 6, etc., can meet the demand of water shortage and can achieve high yield under the condition of less watering or dry land Rain Water.

In addition, with the change of the mode of production and people's attention to food safety, the comprehensive resistance of varieties will become a key factor affecting the popularization and application of varieties. A good variety must pass the lodging resistance, and on the basis of a certain yield level, lodging resistance is more important than yield. Improving the resistance of varieties to spring cold, lodging and resistance to scab and sheath blight will be the key direction of variety development in Huang-Huai winter wheat region in the future.

Rice: the successor variety of "human" becomes the dominant one.

In the past 20 years, the number of main rice varieties has increased significantly, the average annual extension area of single variety has decreased significantly, and the extension area of conventional rice is narrow. the extension area of hybrid rice is wide, the number of varieties in large area is reduced, and the rapid development of two-line hybrid rice.

Brighten the "family background"

The rice area in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. In the past 10 years, the varieties with large application area in this rice area are Ⅱ you 838-high and stable yield variety, Gangyou 22-medium-late-maturing and large-panicle hybrid medium indica.

Rice region in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The varieties that have been popularized and applied in this rice area in the past 10 years are Shanyou 63-hybrid rice variety with the longest extension time and largest application area, Liangyou Peijiu-the representative variety of the first generation two-line hybrid rice, Jinyou 207-early-maturing and high-quality hybrid late indica variety, Fengliangyou 1-high-quality two-line hybrid rice variety, Xinliangyou 6-early-maturing and high-quality two-line hybrid rice variety, Y Liangyou 1-a new two-line hybrid rice variety with high yield and good quality, and Tianyou Huazhan-a new hybrid rice variety with high yield and good quality.

South China rice region. In the past 10 years, the varieties with large application area in this rice area are Tianyou 998-late indica hybrid variety with good quality and high yield, and Wuyou 308 Mel-late hybrid rice variety with high yield and good quality.

Northeast single cropping rice region. In the past 10 years, the varieties with large application area in this rice area are Kongyu 131-cold-resistant and high-quality conventional japonica rice, Jijing 88-high-quality and disease-resistant conventional japonica rice, and Longjing 25-a new conventional japonica rice variety with high yield, good quality and disease resistance.