The price of new grain on the market is stable and farmers' sales are active.

Wang Chengqiang, Li Lei, Chu Ruizhen, Ma Kuiyu

Date of visit: Thursday, September 25, 2014

Inspection route: the second day: Hegang-Fujin, the inspection area includes Baoquanling Administration Bureau, Gongqing Farm, Junchuan Farm, Suibin Farm, Mingshan Farm, Puyang Farm and other farms.

Investigation object and content: large grain growers and purchasing enterprises in land reclamation farms, which involves crop growth and planting structure cost.

First, the crops waiting for autumn harvest are growing well.

Table 1. Soybean measurement data

Soybean growth table

Date

Sampling location

Ridge distance (cm)

Number of trees (3m per ridge)

Plant height (cm)

Number of pods per plant

Soil moisture

Number of nodes

Number of beans per plant

2014.9.25

458 km of Heming Highway in Hegang

eighty

thirty-eight

seventy-five

thirty-five

five

ten

ninety-eight

eighty

fifty

seventy-five

twenty-four

five

eleven

sixty-six

2014.9.25

Changhe Village, Suibin County

seventy-two

fifty-seven

eighty

thirty-eight

five

twelve

eighty-four

seventy-two

sixty-three

seventy-five

thirty-two

five

eleven

sixty-five

Fig. 1. Weeds in a soybean field in Hegang.

Most of the soybean fields we can see are plots of small farmers, neglected management and overgrown with weeds. According to a large grower surnamed Liu of Mingshan Farm, on the road from Mingshan to Junchuan, there are sporadic soybean cultivation in the north of the road, which is small farmers' land for self-use and non-commercial use, while Daonan Farm has no soybean cultivation, and has been planting higher-yielding corn for many years.

Table 2. Corn measurement data

Corn growth table

Date

Sampling location

Ridge distance (cm)

Number of plants (5m per ridge)

Number of ears (5m per ridge)

Plant height

Ear rod length (cm)

Diameter of ear rod (cm)

Number of grains per column

Number of spikes and sticks

Total grain number

Soil moisture

2014.9.25

463 km of Heming Highway in Hegang

eighty

twenty-eight

twenty-eight

two hundred and twenty

nineteen

4.3

thirty-four

twelve

four hundred and eight

five

2014.9.25

Yongfeng Village Gongqing Farm

seventy

fourteen

sixteen

two hundred and fifty

twenty-two

five

forty-four

fourteen

six hundred and sixteen

five

seventy

fourteen

thirteen

two hundred and thirty five

twenty

five

forty

sixteen

six hundred and forty

five

2014.9.25

Suibin 403 Xiang Road

ninety-five

twenty-eight

thirty

two hundred and eighty

twenty

five

thirty-eight

fourteen

five hundred and thirty two

five

II. High-yielding new grain is on the market, and farmers are selling actively.

Inspection enterprise: Baoquanling Shanlin Grain processing Co., Ltd.

The company has a corn warehouse with a storage capacity of 130000 tons and two drying towers, one with a drying capacity of 500t per day and the other with a drying capacity of 300t per day. Last year, 50, 000 tons of corn purchased were converted to temporary storage, with a trade scale of 370000 tons. At present, there are still 10,000 old corn stocks, and the rest of the temporary corn stocks have been transferred to the south.

According to Mr. Lin, the vast majority of corn is planted in the surrounding areas, and soybeans will be planted only if the corn cannot be sown. Demeia No. 3 is the main variety of corn, and Demeya No. 1 will be planted only in the mountainous areas where the accumulated temperature is not enough. Because Demeya 3 grain is relatively large, the grain is semicolloid corn, the feed factory began to recognize this variety, but still has a discount of 40 yuan with Jilin corn. The corn yield in the surrounding areas is expected to be a bumper harvest this year, and the good land is expected to produce 15 tons per grain (wet grain). At the same time, the grain quality is better, the moisture and mildew are better than in previous years, the water content is 30%, and the bulk density is more than 685 to meet the second-class grain standard.

The drying tower fuel tends to use rice husk, which can save 10 yuan per ton compared with coal.

At present, corn has been listed for purchase. This year, the opening price of the scale is 1600-1620 yuan per ton (30 water), and the price converted into standard water is 2000-2030 yuan per ton (including 60 yuan drying fee). In addition, the surrounding dry grain is collected at a price of 2100 yuan per ton.

Farmers are more active in selling grain this year, especially when the farm must be harvested before October 25, and there is no local habit of storing grain.

Boss Lin is cautious and does not expect the price of the temporary deposit to support the market this year. For the late corn price trend is relatively good, especially good grain can sell at a good price.

Fig. 2. A large amount of wet grain to be dried in enterprises.

3. the income of corn planting is stable and the efficiency of mechanized operation is high.

Enterprise 1: big grain growers in Baoquanling Mingshan Farm

The delegation learned in detail about the costs and benefits of planting to a large grain grower surnamed Liu. The large grain growers covered 40-50 hectares of land and all planted corn (Demeya 3). Because the planting efficiency of soybean was not as good as that of corn, the planting area of soybean began to be reduced 5 years ago. The unit yield is 12 tons per hectare, and the planting cost is the same as last year, including 1200-1300 yuan for seeds, 1500 yuan for fertilizers, 300 yuan for pesticides, 1500 yuan for machinery, 5000 yuan for land rent and 10500 yuan for other expenses. At the same time, planting a piece of land can get more than 800 yuan of local tax subsidy and 150 yuan of improved seed subsidy. The big family has its own large harvester with threshing function, and the harvesting speed is 2 tons (30 mu) per hour. At the same time, the big family had no warehousing capacity, and immediately began to harvest and sell cash after negotiating the price with the trader. The sales price was 1500 yuan / ton. It was estimated that the income from planting corn was 7000-8000 yuan / ton.

Figure 3. The delegation talked with a big grower on the farm.

Figure 4. Working chart of advanced harvester imported from the United States

Inspection Enterprise 2: Junchuan Farm

The crops grown on Junchuan farm are 70% rice. According to the leaders of Junchuan farm, the per unit yield of corn this year is 9-10 tons per grain, and the yield is slightly lower than that of last year due to the impact of drought. As the cost of land preparation using large-scale machinery is slightly higher than that of last year, the total cost is estimated to be 11000 yuan per hectare, including 4380 yuan for land rent, 1000 yuan for seeds, 1700 yuan for fertilizers, 300 yuan for pesticides, 1000 yuan for cultivated land, 700 yuan for harvesting and other expenses.

The corn sown on April 16 this year is about a week earlier than last year, and the harvest time is too early. The moisture content is more than 30%. The price is 1500 yuan per grain. It is expected that the harvest will be finished before National Day holiday.