New Ideas for Supporting the Main Body of New Agricultural Management

In recent years, the new agricultural operators with different characteristics in China have thrived, which has become one of the most eye-catching phenomena in the transformation of agricultural development mode. However, with the development of economy, in the field of agricultural production, the development of new agricultural operators is faced with a series of new problems. It is urgent to innovate ideas and better support the development of new agricultural operators by strengthening policy support and innovative subsidies.

The development of a new type of agricultural management body is faced with new problems

With the continuous development of large-scale operation of land, new agricultural operators represented by professional households, family farms and farmers' cooperatives have emerged vigorously in various places, which has laid a solid foundation for the innovation of new agricultural management system. But in the actual survey, we found that, at present, in the process of development, these agricultural operators have many problems, such as the obvious increase in the risk of agricultural production and operation, the low technology and level of operation and management, the inadaptability of the existing agricultural productive service system and so on.

First, the risk of agricultural production and operation has increased significantly. In recent years, agricultural extreme weather disasters and major animal and plant diseases occur frequently, and most of them have the characteristics of strong burst, fast spread, wide range of influence, great depth of harm, and even multiple disasters. With the expansion of international trade of agricultural products (12.75,0.60,4.94%), consumers at home and abroad have paid more attention to food safety, green barriers in international trade have been continuously strengthened, and the impact of international trade frictions and food safety incidents on the agricultural product market has been significantly deepened. Therefore, the natural risk and market risk faced by agricultural operators have been expanded on the whole. Compared with ordinary farmers, because of the large scale of agricultural production and operation and the relatively high level of specialization, scale and intensification, the natural risk and market risk of agricultural operation are obviously increased. It is even difficult to effectively disperse the risks of agricultural production and operation through the diversification of agricultural production and management as ordinary farmers do. On the other hand, in recent years, a lot of industrial and commercial capital has invested in agricultural production and often invested a lot of money in agricultural infrastructure and seedlings, labor, land transfer and so on. However, in recent years, the price fluctuation range or frequency of many agricultural products in China has increased, coupled with the rapid rise in land circulation, labor, agricultural machinery and other costs, and some new agricultural operators have experienced a sharp drop in agricultural product prices and heavy losses after they have reached production. The difficulty of investment recovery has increased sharply. Compared with farmers' cooperatives, large farmers and family farms, most of these corporate farms formed by industrial and commercial capital investment in agricultural production have a larger agricultural operation scale, and lack of agricultural technology and production management experience, which further aggravates the risk of agricultural production and operation.

Second, the inadaptability of the existing agricultural productive service system is rapidly highlighted. Compared with ordinary farmers, the development of specialization, scale and intensification, on the one hand, puts forward new and higher requirements for the scientific and technological innovation and achievement transformation ability of new agricultural operators; on the other hand, it also leads to a significant increase in the inadaptability of the traditional county and rural agricultural technology extension system to improve the scientific and technological innovation and achievement transformation ability of new agricultural operators. With the expansion of its business field, the demand of new agricultural operators for agricultural productive services, it is increasingly shifting from simple agricultural technology services to comprehensive services such as agricultural technology, agricultural machinery, information, marketing, management, agricultural material procurement, finance and insurance, and fresh-keeping, storage and transportation of agricultural products, which requires the diversification, specialization and marketization of agricultural producer services. However, on the whole, the insufficient supply of diversified, professional and market-oriented agricultural producer services is still a prominent problem in the development of agricultural producer services. For example, for new agricultural operators, it is far from enough to rely solely on traditional demonstration to provide technical services, and they are more willing to become "leaders" and "experimental fields" of scientific and technological innovation and achievements transformation. For the new type of agricultural operators, a more effective way of training may be personalized "lay out the facts and be reasonable". For some of the new agricultural operators who are in their infancy, babysitting personalized service may be more popular. For example, many new agricultural operators want to expand and upgrade the market by building their own brands and other ways. However, from a practical point of view, this way of brand building "fighting on its own" is to a large extent a process of "war of attrition" among the new agricultural operators, and the effect is limited. Through effective services, how to effectively integrate the process of building brands among new agricultural operators into the process of co-building brands among new agricultural operators, the supply of related services in this regard is still seriously lagging behind. How to better provide related services is worthy of our in-depth consideration.

Multi-strategies to support the development of new agricultural operators

At present and for a period in the future, new ideas and breakthroughs are needed to support the development of new agricultural operators.

First, strengthen and innovate policy support for new agricultural operators to enhance their anti-risk ability and sustainable development ability. The main body of new agricultural management is not only a new force in the construction of a new agricultural management system, but also the leader of ordinary farmers in changing the mode of agricultural development. It is necessary to strengthen and innovate policy support for the development of new agricultural operators from the strategic perspective of building a new agricultural management system and promoting the transformation of agricultural development mode. and it will be combined with guiding the new type of agricultural operators to enhance the ability of anti-risk and sustainable development. In particular, combined with supporting regional advantages and characteristic industries, we should focus on supporting new agricultural operators to play an exemplary and leading role, and strengthen support in various aspects. For example, strengthen support for agricultural infrastructure construction, help new agricultural operators to enhance their ability to resist natural risks and strengthen food safety, and strengthen the training of leaders of new agricultural operators by agricultural public service institutions. Guide new agricultural operators to strengthen association and cooperation, carry out brand creation, base or product certification, jointly build a shared agricultural industry alliance or agricultural product marketing and promotion center, and a joint procurement platform for agricultural means of production, and explore ways for modern agriculture to improve quality, increase efficiency, save cost and upgrade. Guide the relatively mature new agricultural operators to integrate into the experimental and demonstration activities of agricultural development with regional advantages and characteristics, strengthen industry-university-research cooperation, and effectively dock with finance, insurance, agricultural machinery, agricultural technology, and so on.

Second, innovate the subsidy methods to the new agricultural operators, and strengthen the productive service subsidies and insurance subsidies to agriculture. The specialization, scale and intensification of agricultural productive services are conducive to promoting the specialization, scale and intensification of agricultural production and management subjects, helping new agricultural operators to resolve their "growing troubles", and creating conditions for new agricultural operators and new agricultural service subjects to better obtain the division of labor and specialized "dividends". In order to support the innovation and development of agricultural producer services, it is suggested that the subsidy system for agricultural productive services should be implemented. For example, by issuing agricultural productive service consumption vouchers to new agricultural operators, support market-oriented agricultural service organizations to cultivate the market, and guide farmers or new agricultural operators to use market-oriented and socialized agricultural productive services. Fundamentally speaking, agricultural insurance subsidy is also a kind of agricultural productive service subsidy, which is an effective way to support the development of agricultural insurance and guide farmers to use agricultural insurance services. it can help new agricultural operators to partially resolve the risks of agricultural production and operation. Agricultural insurance subsidies, especially catastrophe insurance subsidies should be strengthened. It is worth noting that as far as the demand of the new agricultural operators is concerned, the focus and main growth point of the demand for agricultural productive services in the future should be market-oriented agricultural productive services. Therefore, while continuing to implement the current agricultural productive service subsidy policy in the future, we should increase support for the initial stage of market-oriented agricultural productive services and guide them to enhance their ability of self-development and sustainable development. It is suggested that the implementation of agricultural productive service subsidy policy should be further strengthened in the future, while increasing investment, combined with carrying out relevant service consumption demonstration activities, increase the tilt of agricultural productive service subsidy to the new type of agricultural operators. By giving full play to the demonstration and driving role of the new agricultural operators in the consumption of agricultural productive services, we can enhance the radiation-driven function of the new agricultural operators to ordinary farmers in changing the mode of agricultural development.

At the same time, in line with the trend of rural land transfer, the separation of farmers' land contract rights and land management rights has been a general trend. Strengthening the protection of land management rights is an objective requirement to promote the sustainable development of new agricultural operators. In this process, it is necessary to strengthen the legislation on the protection of agricultural management rights and make clear the key points of support for new agricultural operators, so as to better guide them to effectively protect their own rights and interests.