The development of modern agriculture needs strong talents of agricultural science and technology innovation team.

Editor's note

To develop modern agriculture, we need agricultural science and technology innovation team; to increase farmers' income, we need agricultural management system innovation; to build beautiful countryside, we need young and educated labor force. Talents are the power source for the development of agriculture, rural areas and farmers. Starting from today, this page will launch a column entitled "strong talents, strong Agriculture, Countryside and Farmers", focusing on the innovation of agricultural scientific research teams, the training of new professional farmers, the training of high-quality agricultural skilled personnel, and innovative personnel training mechanisms, and other related research achievements, in order to solve the "who will farm land" and other issues to gather collective wisdom, suggestions and suggestions.

A few days ago, the measured yield per mu of Hunan paddy fields led by Academician Yuan Longping exceeded 1000 kg, which once again reflects that the core driving force of agricultural development lies in agricultural science and technology, while the core of the development of agricultural science and technology lies in the "people" engaged in agricultural science and technology research and development. In the long run, the quality of a country's human capital is determined by two factors: the quantity and quality of the labor force. The most important thing for the economic take-off of Germany and Japan after World War II is the stock and increment of human capital.

Reviewing the history of farming in China, from Houji teaching people to crops, to the application of iron, from the application of green manure to the development of water conservancy and buildings, agriculture has always been a labor-intensive industry. In ancient times, the government encouraged early marriage and early childbearing, until now the remote rural areas pursue more children and more happiness, and the higher fertility rate is also such a logic. Although Chinese traditional farming mode has accumulated relatively advanced and colorful agricultural civilization, on the whole, small-scale peasant economy mainly depends on labor input, and this stage of development continues until the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China and even before the reform and opening up. Contemporary agricultural development is also inseparable from the role of "people". After the founding of New China, the quantity and quality of the labor force have been significantly improved, providing an inexhaustible driving force for China's agricultural development. Under today's social conditions, agriculture is no longer a labor-intensive industry, there is a higher demand for knowledge and technology, and the main body to master knowledge and technology is still people. The history of agricultural development for thousands of years fully shows that people's subjective initiative and creativity are very important to the development of agriculture.

Whether from the perspective of developing modern agriculture and ensuring food security, or from the perspective of promoting economic growth and increasing farmers' income, we need to pay full attention to the allocation of human capital in the process of agricultural development. At present, the allocation of human capital in rural areas is mainly reflected in three imbalances.

The first is the structural imbalance of the agricultural labor force. Knowledgeable and educated people go to cities to become "gold-collar" and "white-collar" workers, those with physical strength to work as "blue-collar workers" in cities, and those with no physical strength and education to become "local collars" in rural areas relying on agricultural experience. The labor force left behind in rural areas does not have a strong knowledge background and is aging prominently. Among the more than 200 million rural labor force, only about 10 million can receive systematic training every year, so it is difficult to adapt to the requirements of the new situation. Compared with agriculture, the labor force is more inclined to industry. The second is the regional imbalance of agricultural labor force. Considering the regional differences in the degree of economic development, agricultural labor force prefers production and operation in developed areas. Compared with the eastern economically developed areas, the western rural agricultural economic development has broader market potential; compared with the urban periphery, the ordinary rural economic development has greater market potential. Finally, there is an imbalance in the application of agricultural science and technology. China's agricultural science and technology extension system has played a strong supporting role in solving the problem of feeding 1.3 billion people. At the national level, agricultural science and technology research and development is in a leading position in the world, but there is room for improvement in the transformation of scientific research achievements and grass-roots technology promotion.

To develop modern agriculture, we must reverse the current situation of the imbalance in the allocation of human capital in rural areas, and provide a human basis for the development of agriculture, rural areas and farmers through a systematic and omni-directional talent training mechanism.

It is necessary to strengthen the training of new-type professional farmers. We will strengthen the training of new types of agricultural operators, such as cooperatives, family farms and large growers, and strengthen the training of the highly educated labor force in rural areas. We will strengthen the building of a contingent of rural brokers and provide a more professional, intensive and standardized agricultural production mode through a number of projects of science and technology, information and services, so that ordinary rural labor force can more easily engage in modern agricultural production.

It is necessary to guide more high-quality talents to invest in the field of agriculture. We will encourage and guide college students and returning migrant workers to start businesses in rural areas, and strengthen policy support for returning entrepreneurs from the perspectives of financial support, infrastructure, and skills training, so as to create a good environment for high-quality talents to return home to start businesses.

It is necessary to further release scientific and technological productive forces through more creative institutional changes. Strengthen the construction of science and technology extension system at the grass-roots level in rural areas, innovate the model of agricultural science and technology extension, give full play to the role of enterprises and other market subjects in the process of science and technology popularization, and solve the problem of the last kilometer of science and technology popularization through the construction of information system and extension system. Maximize the role of scientific and technological productive forces.

To develop modern agriculture, increase farmers' income and build beautiful villages, we must give full play to the role of human capital. At the important node of the transformation of China's agricultural modernization, rural talents must be further strengthened so that there will be a strong source of power for the development of agriculture, rural areas and farmers.