Encourage the transfer of land for grain production

In order to encourage the transfer of land for grain production, we should focus on supporting large-scale grain production, guide operators to produce grain through relevant policies, reduce grain production costs and stabilize grain planting area by reasonably guiding land transfer prices.

Reporter: at present, what is the situation of the circulation of rural land management rights, and what specific measures have been put forward to guide the orderly circulation of "opinions"?

Han Changfu: in recent years, the circulation of rural land has been accelerated. With the expansion of the scale, the land circulation also presents a development trend of multiple subjects and various forms. The inflows are still dominated by farmers, but the proportion of transfers to new agricultural operators such as cooperatives and leading enterprises is gradually increasing, and subcontracting among members of rural collective economic organizations is still the main form of transfer. however, the proportion of transfer forms such as rental and stock cooperation has increased rapidly.

On the whole, China's rural land transfer is generally stable and healthy, but there are also some problems that need to be paid attention to and solved. For example, some places forcibly promote land transfer and unilaterally pursue the scale and proportion of land transfer, thus infringing upon the legitimate rights and interests of farmers; in some places, the land transfer market is not perfect and the service level needs to be improved; some industrial and commercial enterprises lease land contracted by farmers for a long time and in a large area, and the problems of "non-grain" and "non-agriculturalization" are more prominent. If these problems are not solved properly, it will affect the orderly circulation of rural land and the healthy development of appropriate scale operation of agriculture.

In view of the above problems, on the basis of summing up the practical experience at the grass-roots level, the "opinion" puts forward four specific measures: first, to adhere to the bottom line of land circulation. We must adhere to collective ownership of rural land, insist on voluntary compensation in accordance with the law, and protect the contracted rights and interests of farmers. We must not make the Great Leap forward, engage in coercive orders, or engage in administrative blind command. It is necessary to ensure that the transferred land is used for agricultural production, with emphasis on supporting large-scale grain production. The second is to encourage innovative forms of land transfer. Encourage farmers to transfer contracted land for a long time in various forms, encourage them to solve the problem of fine fragmentation of contracted land through exchange, steadily promote the pilot project of mortgage and guarantee of land management rights, and allow farmers to take shares in contracted management rights to develop agricultural industrialization management. The third is to strictly regulate the behavior of land transfer. Respecting the dominant position of farmers in the circulation, village-level organizations can organize unified circulation only on the premise of farmers' written entrustment, and it is forbidden to centralize the contracted land of the whole village and the whole group of farmers in the name of obeying the majority to attract foreign investment. The fourth is to strengthen the construction of land transfer service system.

Reporter: in recent years, the entry of industrial and commercial enterprises into agriculture has aroused widespread concern in the society.What are the "opinions" on how to guide and prevent "non-grain", "non-agricultural" and other issues?

Han Changfu: China's rural areas are short of funds, talents and advanced management. in order to develop modern agriculture, it is necessary for industrial and commercial enterprises to enter agriculture. In recent years, while some industrial and commercial enterprises are engaged in the supply of prenatal agricultural materials and the processing and sale of post-natal agricultural products, they also directly lease farmers' contracted land to engage in agricultural production. By the end of June 2014, the area of contracted land flowing into enterprises has reached 38.647 million mu, showing an upward trend year by year. From the perspective of practice, the direct land lease operation of industrial and commercial enterprises has both advantages and disadvantages, and the advantage is that it can bring excellent varieties, advanced technology and business model, but the bad thing is that it occupies the employment space of farmers. it is easy to aggravate the tendency of "non-grain" and "non-agriculture".

In order to encourage the transfer of land for grain production, the opinion points out that, first, measures such as tilting new subsidies to grain production scale operators, giving priority to subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery and tools, carrying out pilot subsidies for producers, target price insurance sites, marketing loans, and gradually realizing grain production scale operators "willing to protect as much as possible" and other measures, focus on supporting large-scale grain production. The second is to guide operators to produce grain through the industrial planning of major grain producing areas, grain production functional areas, high-yield creation project implementation areas and relevant agricultural production support policies; and third, through reasonable guidance of land transfer prices, in order to reduce grain production costs and stabilize grain acreage. Measures such as suspension of direct subsidies for grain, subsidies for improved varieties and comprehensive subsidies for agricultural materials can be taken to curb abandoned arable land.

In order to prevent industrial and commercial enterprises from going to the countryside to trigger "non-agriculturalization," the "opinions" are clear: first, industrial and commercial capital is encouraged to develop modern agriculture suitable for enterprise operation, such as the development of improved seed and seedling breeding, high-standard facility agriculture, large-scale breeding, and the development of rural "four wasteland" resources. The second is to strengthen supervision and risk prevention for industrial and commercial enterprises to lease contracted land for farmers. Including, require all localities to have a clear upper limit control over industrial and commercial enterprises leasing contracted land for a long time and a large area; establish and improve the three systems of qualification examination, project examination, and risk guarantee money, strictly enforce the threshold for entry, and strengthen supervision afterwards; regularly supervise and inspect the agricultural management capacity of land leasing enterprises and the use of transferred contracted land, and promptly investigate and correct violations of laws and regulations.