Ministry of Agriculture: Land circulation must be entrusted by farmers in writing, and no great leap forward can be made

Recently, the central government deliberated and approved the Opinions on Guiding the Orderly Circulation of Rural Land Management Rights to Develop Moderate Scale Agricultural Management. What is the background of the issuance of the Opinions, what are the main contents and what policy innovations are there? this reporter interviewed han changfu, minister of agriculture.

1 Background

Expansion of land management scale of practitioners

Please introduce the background and process of the issuance of the Opinions. What is the main policy orientation of the Opinions?

Han Changfu: In the process of industrialization and urbanization, rural labor force is gradually transferred, and the land they originally operated is transferred out, which makes the land management scale of agricultural practitioners continuously expand, and advanced agricultural technology equipment is utilized, creating necessary conditions for the construction of modern agriculture. From a deeper perspective, there are still some institutional and institutional factors restricting development in protecting farmers 'contracted rights and interests, strengthening circulation management and services, etc.

The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed to encourage the circulation of contracted management rights in the open market, develop various forms of moderate scale management, cultivate new agricultural production and management subjects, and construct a new agricultural management system combining intensification, specialization, organization and socialization. In order to implement the spirit of the Central Committee, relevant departments, on the basis of carrying out standardized management and service pilot projects for the transfer of land management rights, conducted in-depth research at the grass-roots level, summarized local experiences, and fully listened to the opinions of grass-roots cadres and farmers.

There are three main aspects of the Opinions: First, promote the development of modern agriculture. On the premise of adhering to collective ownership of land, we will realize the separation of ownership, contracting rights and management rights, form a pattern of land management rights transfer, vigorously cultivate and support diversified new agricultural management subjects, and develop moderate agricultural scale management. second, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of peasants. third, we must proceed from the actual conditions of our country and rural areas in everything we do.

2 "Three Powers Separation"

Encourage innovative forms of land circulation

How to accurately understand the rural collective land ownership, contract rights, management rights "three rights separation"?

Han Changfu: The realization of the separation of collective ownership, contracting rights and management rights of land is an important basis for guiding the orderly circulation of land.

The Opinions clearly put forward that we should adhere to the separation of collective ownership, ownership, contracting right and management right of rural land and guide the orderly circulation of land management right. First of all, we must safeguard the collective ownership of rural land. "Opinion" emphasizes that, on the one hand, we should explore new collective management methods; on the other hand, we should exercise the right of management and supervision of rural collectives in land circulation and contracted management. Second, we must guarantee the right to contract land. The Opinions pointed out that we should pay close attention to the registration and issuance of certificates for the confirmation of contracted land, properly solve the problems such as inaccurate and unclear land area contracted by farmers, perfect the contract contract, perfect the registration book, issue ownership certificates, and strengthen the protection of real rights of land contracted management rights. At the same time, we should let go of the right to operate. The Opinions stressed that innovation in land circulation forms should be encouraged, various forms of moderate scale management should be developed, and the construction of land circulation service system should be strengthened to provide services for both parties to the circulation. In short, the separation of three rights is a practical exploration to deepen the reform of rural land system and embodies the theoretical innovation of rural land system reform with Chinese characteristics.

3 Who will farm?

Establishing a New Professional Farmer System

In recent years, the society has paid great attention to the issue of "who will farm land" in the future. What countermeasures have been put forward in the Opinions?

Han Changfu: The Opinions put forward three measures: First, establish a new professional farmer system and cultivate new farmers. Including the implementation of new professional farmer cultivation project, actively cultivate professional large households, family farm operators, farmers cooperative leaders, agricultural enterprise management personnel, agricultural socialization service personnel and returning migrant workers and other new professional farmers, and strive to build a new professional farmers and rural practical talents cultivation, identification and support system.

The second is to guide the flow of land resources to the main body of new agricultural production and management, so that those who are willing to farm can obtain more land management rights. Encourage all localities to integrate agriculture-related funds to build contiguous high-standard farmland, and give priority to family farms and other large-scale farmers; where conditions permit, land management rights can be invested to form cooperative organizations to develop agricultural scale management through self-operation or entrusted management; farmers are allowed to invest in contracted management rights to develop industrialized agricultural management; Industrial and commercial enterprises may lease land appropriately to develop modern breeding industries such as fine seed breeding, high-standard facility agriculture, large-scale breeding, and the development of rural "four wastes" resources.

Third, strengthen support and improve services to provide a better external environment for the development of new agricultural business entities. The Opinions put forward a series of targeted support policies mainly from the aspects of finance, finance, land use and taxation. For example, it supports qualified new agricultural business entities to give priority to undertaking agriculture-related projects, new agricultural subsidies are inclined to new agricultural business entities, financial institutions are guided to establish and improve credit and insurance support mechanisms for new agricultural business entities, and a certain proportion of annual construction land indicators are required to be used exclusively for the construction of supporting facilities for new agricultural business entities.

It should be pointed out that while developing new agricultural management subjects, the role of ordinary farmers cannot be ignored. All kinds of new business entities have their own advantages in different fields and links of agriculture, so they should develop in a diversified and integrated way.