How to make enterprises bear the burden of saving grain

If the column is opened, China's grain production will have a bumper harvest in successive years, and at present, grain production needs to be basically balanced. However, a large population and little land are the basic national conditions of our country. The constraints of natural resources such as fresh water and ecological environment and the impact of climate change are becoming increasingly obvious, and it is becoming more and more difficult to stabilize grain production and increase production.

To ensure food security, we should not only open source, but also reduce expenditure. Compared with increasing production, loss reduction saves cultivated land and water resources, and the input is relatively small, which has obvious economic and social benefits. In order to enhance the whole people's awareness of loving and saving grain, strengthen the whole society's understanding of the food security situation, and vigorously promote the establishment of a new grain conservation and impairment mechanism led by the government, led by demand, participated by the whole people, and promoted by social coordination, starting from today, this newspaper has launched a column entitled "Food Saving We are in Action."

According to information released by the State Grain Administration, the annual loss and waste caused by grain storage, transportation and processing in China is as high as 70 billion jin. On the one hand, food waste is serious, on the other hand, with the increase of population, the promotion of urbanization and the upgrading of consumption structure, China's grain supply and demand will be in a tight balance for a long time. To ensure food security needs to reduce expenditure, enterprises, as the main body of grain saving and loss reduction, bear an important responsibility in reducing food waste.

Reduce the number of polishing

In October, rice was basically harvested in Panjin City, Liaoning Province, and the fragrance of rice remained in the fields. The reporter walked into the processing workshop of Liaoning Panjin Dingxiang Rice Company, and the modern rice processing equipment roared. Li Jinyou, secretary of the party committee of the company, told reporters that they adopted international advanced rice processing equipment and carried out closed pure physical processing in the whole process, effectively reducing processing losses.

At present, the loss and waste of grain processing in China is serious, and the annual loss of food rations caused by excessive processing reaches more than 15 billion jin, including 7 billion jin of rice. Excessive polishing is the main cause of rice waste. According to the survey, in order to improve the processing accuracy, the number of rice processing and polishing in our country has generally increased to more than 2 channels, and each additional polishing will reduce the rice yield by 1%.

In order to reduce the loss of processing links, Dingxiang Rice Company strictly implements the national standards and implements the production process of multi-stage light grinding and one-time polishing on the premise of ensuring the taste. Through five continuously running rice milling machines, the company reduces the rice milling pressure, lengthens the rice milling line, maximizes the nutrients of rice while ensuring the whiteness of rice, reduces crushing, and the rice yield reaches 68%. Due to 1-2 times less polishing than other rice processing enterprises, the loss is correspondingly reduced by 2% to 5%. Moreover, through the technological transformation of energy saving and loss reduction, Dingxiang's energy consumption per ton of rice has been reduced to 44 kilowatt-hours of electricity, which is more than 20% lower than the average energy consumption of the industry.

Strictly enforce the standard

At present, many consumers have a misunderstanding that the whiter the flour is, the better the rice is, and the clearer the cooking oil is, the better. In order to meet the needs of consumers, enterprises continue to pursue grain finishing, resulting in serious nutrition loss and food waste. Tian Yujun, secretary general of the China Grain Industry Association, believes that excessive processing has expanded grain demand to a certain extent, laying hidden dangers to food security, and we must attach great importance to the problem of over-processing of grain and oil. change consumers' excessive pursuit of "fine, white, and beautiful" consumption concept, and guide enterprises to strictly implement national standards.

It is understood that the current product standards such as wheat flour, rice and soybean oil are formulated under the principle of nutrition, palatability and economy. Grain and oil processing enterprises strictly implement national standards, can avoid excessive processing. The reality is that grain processing enterprises often produce products according to exorbitant standards in order to meet market demand.

Wang Lirong, chief engineer of the Standard quality Center of the State Grain Administration, believes that to solve the problems encountered in the promotion of national standards, we should first guide consumers to scientifically consume grain and oil products and form scientific and healthy consumption habits. Secondly, it is necessary to do a good job in the implementation of the standards, guide grain and oil processing enterprises to appropriately process in accordance with national standards, and reasonably control processing accuracy; encourage and guide processing enterprises to formulate and implement technical norms and enterprise standards for the production of grain and oil products that conform to complete nutrition, good taste, high quality and low loss. At present, the State Grain Administration has formulated 515 grain and oil standards, basically covering the production, storage, processing and consumption of grain and oil. From the point of view of reducing grain consumption and ensuring national food security, the State Grain Administration will vigorously promote the formulation and revision of key standards for grain and oil-related products, product energy consumption quotas, and grain and oil machinery standards, and constantly improve the grain and oil standard system. effectively improve the leading and guiding role of the standards.

Implement scientific grain storage

During the interview, the reporter learned that some excellent grain processing enterprises not only advocated energy conservation and loss reduction in the processing link, but also implemented the concept of grain saving and loss reduction in grain production, storage and other links.

Around the Yangxin National Grain Reserve in Hubei Province, there are large and medium-sized state-owned farms, such as military Reclamation and Jingtoushan, which mainly produce high-quality rice.

"storing grain through science and technology is an important means to ensure the safety of grain storage and reduce grain losses, as well as an important measure to reduce storage costs and improve economic benefits." According to the person in charge of the Yangxin Reserve Depot, they adhere to scientific and technological grain storage and implement comprehensive temperature control grain storage according to climatic and environmental factors and combined with their own storage conditions. Moreover, the reserve constantly innovates the grain storage mode, organically combines new technologies such as mechanical ventilation and recirculation fumigation with auxiliary measures such as double-film sealing and rice husk capping, and forms a set of multi-technology optimization and integrated grain storage model.

At present, many grain processing enterprises have built modern flat silos, vertical silos and shallow silos, and their storage capacity has been greatly improved. The storage capacity of Dingxiang Company has reached more than 60,000 tons. In the process of storage, Dingxiang Rice Industry adopts a low-temperature and environmentally friendly storage method, which reduces the grain loss by about 240 tons per year.

In order to effectively improve the ability of grain saving and loss reduction, in 2013, China began to implement the "Grain Security Project" and strengthen the construction of infrastructure such as grain warehousing and logistics. This year and next year, China will build 100 billion jin of storage capacity in the main grain producing areas in the northeast and south, which will greatly reduce the loss and waste of storage in the main grain producing areas.

In order to promote the establishment of a new mechanism for grain conservation and impairment, the State Grain Administration has stepped up the research and development of key technologies for grain conservation and impairment, and promoted the four-bulk logistics mode of "bulk, bulk transportation, bulk storage and bulk disposal" of raw grain. By the end of 2014, a total of 8.17 million sets of new grain storage equipment will be allocated to 26 provinces across the country, which can reduce the storage loss rate of grain warehousing enterprises by an average of 1.7 per cent a year.