Strengthen the quality construction of cultivated land and consolidate the foundation of national food security

On October 29, the Ministry of Agriculture held a national on-the-spot meeting on cultivated land quality construction in Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province. The reporter learned from the meeting that the Ministry of Agriculture will vigorously promote the protection and improvement of the quality of cultivated land next year, with fertility improvement, soil improvement, nutrient balance, and quality restoration as the main contents, focusing on the built-up areas of high-standard farmland projects, the project areas of occupation and compensation balance of cultivated land, and areas with prominent cultivated land quality problems, so as to improve the internal quality of cultivated land and lay a long-term foundation for grain and agricultural production.

The meeting pointed out that the root of food security lies in cultivated land, and the key lies in the quality of cultivated land. Over the years, while doing a good job in the construction of farmland infrastructure, agricultural departments at all levels have actively promoted the construction of cultivated land quality, which has provided a strong support for promoting the continuous increase of grain production and the sustained and stable development of planting industry. however, the long-term mechanism of cultivated land quality protection has not been established. At present, the degraded area of cultivated land accounts for more than 40% of the total area of cultivated land, the black soil layer in northeast China becomes thinner, the soil in the south is acidified, and the plough layer in North China Plain becomes shallow, especially some problems such as the low quality grade of supplementary cultivated land, which seriously affect the output of cultivated land. the pollution of cultivated land and long-term high-intensity and overload utilization also pose a threat to the quality and safety of agricultural products and the sustainable development of agriculture.

The meeting stressed that in the work of cultivated land quality construction at present and in the future, it is necessary to strengthen the "two ideas" and improve the "two mechanisms", that is, to establish the concept of "both quantity and quality" of cultivated land resources. establish the concept of "quality red line" of cultivated land protection, improve the management mechanism, improve the construction compensation mechanism, and gradually realize the normalization, legalization and standardization of cultivated land quality management. Explore and promote the establishment of compensation policies for the construction and protection of cultivated land, so as to provide financial guarantee for the construction of the quality of cultivated land.

In terms of development goals, we should improve the level of field facilities and the basic fertility of cultivated land, and improve the quality and environment of cultivated land around the realization of quantitative safety, quality safety and agricultural ecological security of agricultural products. We will ensure that 800 million mu of high-standard farmland with drought and waterlogging will be built by 2020, the basic soil fertility of cultivated land will be increased by 0.5%, and the content of soil organic matter will be increased by 0.5%. The utilization rate of organic fertilizer resources increased by 20%, straw returned to the field reached 80%, zero growth in the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers was achieved, and problems such as acidification, salinization and pollution of cultivated land were effectively controlled.

In the path of development, we should co-ordinate the current and long-term, production and ecology, engineering and technology, agricultural machinery and agronomy, highlighting the four essentials of "reform, cultivation, protection and control". Among them, "reform" is to improve soil, with emphasis on improving soil acidification, salinization and other obstacles, and improving cultivation methods; "cultivation" is to improve soil fertility, with emphasis on increasing the content of soil organic matter and improving the basic soil fertility of cultivated land; "conservation" is to conserve water and fertilizer. the key point is to popularize soil testing formula fertilization and the integration of water and fertilizer, promote deep ploughing and deep loosening, and carry out contour planting. "Control" means pollution control and remediation, with emphasis on the application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, the prevention and control of heavy metal and organic pollution, and the control of agricultural film residues.

The meeting demanded that the task of cultivated land quality construction is long-term and arduous, and agricultural departments at all levels should promote the formulation of relevant plans for cultivated land quality construction, actively coordinate and strive for capital investment, and try their best to do a good job in the delineation of permanent basic farmland and the quality acceptance of supplementary cultivated land, earnestly strengthen the construction of cultivated land quality monitoring system, and speed up the legislative process of cultivated land quality protection. It will make greater contributions to the steady increase of grain production, the sustained increase of farmers' income and the sustained and healthy development of the agricultural and rural economy. Representatives of the meeting visited the site of cultivated land quality construction in Yangzhou City, the national soil testing and formula fertilization data platform and the cultivated land quality management data center of Jiangsu Province.