People's livelihood is the ultimate goal of reform reform to promote the development of the cause of people's livelihood

The "five goals" of learning and education, income from work, treatment for illness, security for the elderly, and housing are the main goals of the party and the country in building a well-off and harmonious society, and they are also the well-being that all the people look forward to.

Over the past 20 years, the reform in hot areas of people's livelihood, such as education, employment, medical care, and social security, has been continuously promoted. Looking at the development of China's education and the evolution and changes of the social security system, it is not difficult to find that the "five have" reform goal that we look forward to is gradually realized. How to let the people live a better and happier life in the future and truly realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is the direction of the efforts of governments at all levels.

Reform to promote the development of people's livelihood

Wang Liejun, director of the research office of the Social Development Research Department of the Development Research Center of the State Council, said in an interview with the China Economic Times that over the past 20 years, by improving basic public services, important progress and achievements have been made in ensuring and improving people's livelihood, mainly reflected in the following aspects: first, important breakthroughs have been made in the construction of the basic public service system. Second, the government's investment in people's livelihood continues to increase. Third, the coverage of basic public services is constantly expanding.

In terms of education, compulsory education has entered a new stage of all-round development, which has truly achieved universal and free education; higher education has achieved a historical leap from elite to popular, with continuous expansion in scale and diversity in types; with the support of national policies, vocational education has developed vigorously, capacity-building has been strengthened in an all-round way, and the funding system has become increasingly perfect.

In terms of employment, through a series of reform measures, the government-led "unified distribution" employment system under the framework of the planned economy has been reformed into a new employment system dominated by enterprises and employers in line with the law of supply and demand in the labor market. We have improved the mechanism for workers to choose jobs independently, the market to regulate employment, and the government to promote employment, create equal employment opportunities, improve the quality of employment, and strive to achieve full employment.

In terms of medical care and social security, first of all, the supply of medical services and drugs has expanded rapidly, medical technology has been significantly improved, the micro efficiency of medical service institutions has been greatly improved, and the conditions for people to seek medical treatment have been greatly improved. and initially established a medical security system covering the whole people. The second is social old-age insurance, first of all, reform the basic old-age insurance system for urban workers, implement the social overall planning of old-age insurance costs, establish an old-age insurance system with the combination of accounts, and unify the basic old-age insurance system for enterprise workers. In addition, we also reform and explore the retirement pension system of government organs and institutions, and establish an old-age security system for farmers, as well as a minimum security system in urban and rural areas. Through a series of reforms, we have initially formed the framework of the current old-age security system composed of the old-age insurance for urban and rural residents, the basic old-age insurance for urban workers, and the pension system for government organs and institutions.

In terms of housing security, while promoting the development of the real estate market, we also implemented the comfortable housing policy and established a security mechanism for low-rent housing to effectively solve the housing difficulties of urban low-income families.

Professor Zhu Lijia of Chinese Academy of Governance also said in an interview with our reporter that the achievements in China's educational development include, first, a substantial increase in the average number of years of education. Second, the number of higher education has increased significantly, and every year more than 7 million college students serve the society and contribute to social development, which can promote the development of the country and the nation.

There is still a problem of social injustice

"in the past 20 years, remarkable achievements have been made in the reform of China's social system, but some new problems have also been accompanied by the reform, especially the problem of social equity has always been difficult to solve." Chen Qianlang, secretary general of Hebei Zhejiang Chamber of Commerce and chairman of Hebei Zhejiang Rong Investment Co., Ltd., said in an interview with our reporter.

He said: the cause of people's livelihood in our country has changed greatly, but it needs to be further improved. For example, the Government has always wanted to solve the problem of equity in education, but it has not been able to solve it. It involves many factors, including the resistance of the inherent system, the imbalance in regional economic development, the wide disparity in the number of teachers, and so on.

In this regard, Zhu Lijia agrees. He said that there are indeed inequalities in the distribution of public service resources between regions, between urban and rural areas, and among people.

In the view of Zhu Lijia, the uneven distribution of educational resources is an important factor leading to the unfairness of education, which is reflected in the system and mechanism: inequality between urban and rural areas and unequal level of education.

"what people have a strong opinion on the feelings of education is that public finance has unequal investment in education and insufficient financial support for education in the old, young, border and poor areas. In addition, full medical coverage and equalization are not enough, and different people have different levels of enjoyment. In the future, the level of medical and health services and security should be enjoyed equally by every citizen. " Zhu Lijia said.

Zhu Lijia believes that the main direction of people's livelihood work is to increase employment, and only when there is full employment can people live and work in peace and contentment.

In the view of Gong Sen, director of the Institute of Public Management and Human Resources of the Development Research Center of the State Council, there are some problems in the current social policy system, such as system fragmentation, difficulty in implementation, unfairness, insufficient financial investment and weak supervision and evaluation.