"Rural Financial Autonomy" solves the difficulty of Farmers' loan

In recent years, a new attempt called "rural financial autonomy" has been gradually introduced into many villages in Zhejiang, Guizhou and other places, promoting the realization of basic financial services "village-to-village access".

The "two village committees" build a bridge to solve the "five difficulties"

Shangcai Village, Ganlin Town, Shengzhou City, Zhejiang Province is a small mountain village surrounded by mountains. Villagers live on fruit trees, seedling cultivation and aquaculture. Li Xiangyang, a 36-year-old villager, has always had a "green farm dream": more than 10 mu of land, flowers and trees into a forest, and can be enclosed in the woods to raise chickens and ducks. However, due to the lack of start-up funds, his own flower and tree base is only 3 mu, and the variety is single. "if the scale does not go up, the sales will also be a problem." Li Xiangyang also thought about a loan, but didn't know what to do with the bank loan procedures and didn't have any collateral, so he gave up the idea.

Li Xiangyang's experience reflects the contradiction between farmers' demand and the current situation of rural finance. " Feng Jianlong, president of the Zhejiang Branch of the Agricultural Bank of China, told reporters that on the one hand, a large number of financial needs of farmers cannot be met, on the other hand, banks are faced with "five difficulties" in developing rural finance, that is, "it is difficult for loanable farmers to choose, the loan quota is difficult to set, the loan use is difficult to manage, the management cost is difficult to reduce, and the bank risk is difficult to control."

In the exploration of serving "agriculture, rural areas and farmers", Zhejiang Branch of Agricultural Bank of China found that the "village two committees" (village party branch committee and village committee) are most suitable to become the bridge between farmers and banks, because the "village two committees" know the character and credit of the villagers best, can grasp the real right information in rural areas, and hope that the villagers can get rich, can identify the loan risks of farmers in time, and can best help banks to resolve the loan risks of farmers.

"taking the 'two village committees' as a link is the best way to solve the 'five difficulties' of peasant household loans." Feng Jianlong said: since the second half of last year, the Zhejiang Branch of the Agricultural Bank of China has taken the lead in carrying out a pilot model of rural financial autonomy. Lenders only need to find five villagers with joint insurance, which will be examined and announced by the "two village committees" and approved by the Agricultural Bank of China. you can borrow small loans of less than 300000 yuan. After hearing the news, Li Xiangyang couldn't sit still. In November last year, he submitted an application to the village, but the loan came down that month. Li Xiangyang used the money to expand production and realize his "dream of a green farm."

The "two village committees" play an important role in rural finance. A few days ago, the "guidance on promoting basic Financial Services" issued by the China Banking Regulatory Commission clearly pointed out that banking financial institutions should strengthen the construction of basic financial service environment at the village level, continue to promote the construction of village-level credit culture, carry out farmers' credit rating, give full play to the popular and geographical advantages of the "two village committees", absorb farmers' participation, and enhance the transparency and fairness of credit assessment. Cultivate farmers' credit awareness and consolidate the credit foundation and service environment of financial services in administrative villages.

Both benefit and risk control

Through "rural financial autonomy", farmers, the largest service group of inclusive finance, have access to convenient and affordable basic financial services.

But will the decentralization of banks lead to risks and bad debts?

It is understood that in order to properly manage loan risks, "rural financial autonomy" has also established a "six-self" loan processing mechanism. The so-called "six self", that is, "customer recommendation", farmers put forward loan needs to the "two village committees", and through the "village two committees" openly selected honest farmers to recommend to the Agricultural Bank; "guarantee self-organization". Farmers provide guarantors approved by the two village committees; "loan autonomy". After the loan has been examined and signed by the Agricultural Bank of China, farmers obtain loans at any time through channels such as Huinongtong within the amount and time limit, and the interest is calculated according to the number of days actually used. "self-discipline in the use of funds", villagers carry out self-management, self-restraint and self-supervision of loans to ensure that loans are used for legitimate production, operation and living consumption; "self-service". Farmers can handle loans, repayments, remittances, payments and other business through the Huinongtong machines and tools set up in the village. According to "trustworthy self-encouragement", the preferential credit line and interest rate preferential range provided by Agricultural Bank of China to each village and each peasant household are directly linked to their respective financial autonomy, and the better the autonomy, the more preferential treatment they will get.

"'rural financial autonomy' not only gives honest, trustworthy, hardworking villagers access to financial services, but also improves the level of rural credit construction." Feng Jianlong said.

Taotou Village, Liuao Town, Sanmen County is also the pilot village of financial autonomy of Agricultural Bank of China. The village is surrounded by the sea on three sides, forming a quite complete mariculture industry chain-raising ponds, selling and selling bait. Lin Xiaocai, director of the village committee, said that in the "rural financial autonomy" model, the village loan of more than 26.1 million yuan has not yet expired, and many villagers can't wait to raise money and are ready to repay the loan. "someone once borrowed 150000 yuan from the Agricultural Bank of China and may not be able to repay it when it is due. The news was known by the neighbors. Before the bank urged it, every household in the village began to pay attention, and they had to pay back the money even if they couldn't help him. " Lin Xiaocai said that because the villagers all understand that the credit of a family will affect the credit of the whole village, which in turn affects their own loan lines and interest rates.

"Farmers are very creditworthy, and once a credit risk occurs, the village collective is most likely to intervene." Sun Weiping, secretary of the party branch of Shenqi Village, Dongkeng Town, Jingning County, said that so far, none of the loans issued by their village within three years have been overdue. In case of risk, farmers' bamboo groves and tea gardens can be easily disposed of in the village, and the risk is very small for banks.

Data show that by the end of June this year, the number of administrative villages in which the Zhejiang Branch of the Agricultural Bank of China carried out the pilot project of "rural financial autonomy" had expanded from the initial one to 193.The loan balance was 546 million yuan, benefiting 4594 peasant households, and 3188 peasant household loans were issued without a single overdue loan.