The regional distribution of commercial grass production in China has been preliminarily established.

Commercial grass refers to hay, bales, grass powder, grass particles and other products that enter the field of circulation. In recent years, under the dual role of government dairy industry support policy and market demand, China's dairy industry has developed rapidly, and the herd scale and breeding technology have been greatly improved, especially for commercial grasses such as alfalfa, Leymus chinensis, oats and so on. the regional layout of commercial grass production in the country has been initially established.

I. basic situation of commercial grass production

(1) the overall situation of the whole country

In 2013, the planting area of commercial grass in China was 47.67 million mu, an increase of 173.18% over the same period last year, and the total output of commercial grass was 9.2457 million tons, an increase of 15.58% over the same period last year. The total sales of commercial grass in 2013 was 6.2215 million tons.

The largest forage species with commercial grass production area is Leymus chinensis, with a production area of 39.3771 million mu, a total output of 2.5751 million tons and a sales volume of 863100 tons. The second is alfalfa, with a production area of 5.81 million mu, a total output of 3.4362 million tons and a sales volume of 3.412 million tons. Followed by green feeding, silage corn, production area of 1.6 million mu, a total output of 2.573 million tons, sales volume of 1.442 million tons. Commercial grass is mainly produced in Gansu Province, Inner Mongolia Autonomous region, Heilongjiang Province, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region and so on.

(2) production of commercial grass in pastoral and semi-pastoral areas

In 2013, the production area of commercial grass in 268 pastoral and semi-pastoral areas (counties) was 40.477 million mu, with a total output of 3.4669 million tons and sales of 1.4695 million tons, accounting for 84.91%, 37.5% and 23.63% of the national total, respectively, up 287.37%, 94.28% and 19% over the same period last year. The main species are Leymus chinensis and alfalfa, with an area of 38.477 million mu and 1.697 million mu respectively, yield of 2.4969 million tons and 772000 tons and sales volume of 848500 tons and 551,800 tons respectively.

The commercial grass production area of the 160semi-pastoral areas (counties) is 11.71 million mu, with a total output of 1.597 million tons and sales of 998000 tons, accounting for 55.7%, 20.3% and 16.6% of the national total, respectively, an increase of 27.9%, 19.2% and 5.1% over the same period last year. The main producing areas are distributed in the semi-pastoral areas (counties) of Heilongjiang, Jilin and Inner Mongolia, with a production area of 5.855 million mu, 4.6 million mu and 681000 mu respectively.

The commercial grass production area of the 108pastoral areas (counties) is 28.73 million mu, with a total output of 1.8531 million tons and sales volume of 465600 tons, accounting for 60.27%, 20.04% and 7.48% of the national total, respectively, an increase of 324.07%, 750.46% and 384.15% over the same period last year. The main producing areas are distributed in pastoral areas (counties) of Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Xinjiang and other provinces (regions), with a production area of 26.992 million mu, 1.55 million mu and 100000 mu respectively.

II. The situation of grass product production and processing enterprises (1) the production situation of grass product processing enterprises

In 2013, there were 293 grass products processing enterprises in China, with a production capacity of 2.597 million tons, an increase of 13.9% over the same period last year. It is mainly concentrated in Gansu, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Hebei and other provinces (regions), with production of 883000 tons, 465300 tons, 279100 tons and 94000 tons, accounting for 33.99%, 17.9% and 10.7% of the country's total, respectively.

3.6%.

There are 131grass products processing enterprises in pastoral and semi-pastoral areas nationwide, producing about 1.0836 million tons of grass products, accounting for 41.72 percent of the country's total. It is mainly distributed in Heilongjiang, Gansu, Inner Mongolia and Jilin provinces (regions), accounting for 37.28% of the total output in pastoral and semi-pastoral areas respectively.

25.82%, 22.31%, 10.73%.

(2) types and production of major grass products

The grass products produced in China are mainly bundles, grass blocks, grass granules and grass powder, with an output of 1.727 million tons, 253900 tons, 286800 tons and 146400 tons respectively, accounting for 66.49%, 9.77%, 11.04% and 5.63% of the total grass products, respectively. Among them, the output of alfalfa products is 1.1718 million tons, mainly in the form of bundles, grass blocks and grass particles, which are 731900 tons, 180800 tons and 136100 tons respectively, accounting for 62.46%, 11.62% and 15.43% of the total output of alfalfa products, respectively. Leymus chinensis is the second largest species of grass products, with a production capacity of 460000 tons; the main product form is Bale, with a production capacity of 445000 tons, accounting for 96% of the total output of Leymus chinensis. The third is grass products with corn straw as raw material, with a production capacity of 223000 tons, mainly in the form of grass blocks and bales, with a production capacity of 103400 tons, accounting for 46.3% of the total corn straw products.

The types of grass products produced in pastoral and semi-pastoral areas are mainly bundles, grass particles and grass blocks, with yields of 820000 tons, 79000 tons and 69000 tons respectively, accounting for 33.9%, 3.3% and 2.8% of the national production of grass products, respectively. Alfalfa, Leymus chinensis and corn straw are the main forage species in the production of grass products in pastoral and semi-pastoral areas.

III. Import and export of grass products

In 2013, 798400 tons of hay were imported, including 755600 tons of alfalfa, up 70.89 percent from the same period last year, mainly from the United States; and 42800 tons of oats, up 144.29 percent from Australia. In 2013, the average CIF price of China's imported alfalfa was 371.36 US dollars / tonne, down 5.6 per cent from the same period last year.