Perfecting Rural Property Right System and Promoting Farmers 'Income Growth

In the early 1980s, with the implementation of the household contract responsibility system, the main source of the rapid growth of farmers' net income was household operating income. In the middle and late 1980s, the impact of institutional reform on agriculture gradually weakened, the proportion of household operating income in farmers' net income continued to decrease, and wage income gradually became the main source of farmers' income growth. this is mainly due to the transfer of rural labor and the improvement of the state's protection of labor rights.

There is a direct relationship between farmers' property income and rural property rights system. After the reform and opening up, farmers have basically owned the complete property rights of family property except land and houses. In the middle and late 1980s, peasant households gradually had a stable right to contracted management of land, but the right of transfer was limited and could not obtain income such as rent and interest. After entering the new century, the state encourages the transfer of land, and farmers can get the rental income of the transferred land or the dividend income of land shares. In terms of rural homestead, farmers only have the right to use, the right to transfer, the right to profit is still strictly restricted. Although the pilot rural homestead in some areas is transferred within the village collective, it actually makes little contribution to the property income of farmers. In practice, the reform of rural collective property rights system is an important way to increase farmers' property income.

At present, rural property rights have not been clearly and effectively defined. In order to increase farmers' income, priority should be given to the arrangement of rural property rights system in the next stage. First, we will implement the policy that the right to contracted management of land will remain unchanged for a long time. Keeping the land contract relationship unchanged for a long time and stabilizing farmers' contract expectations are conducive to land transfer transactions and the protection and development of agricultural productive forces. Second, the legal principle gives the land contractual management right mortgage, the security right can. Amend the Land Law, Guaranty Law and other laws as soon as possible, issue relevant management measures and guidance, and remove obstacles from legal principles. The third is to stop the free distribution of homestead and allow farmers to transfer their self-occupied houses by mortgage on a larger scale. Change the free distribution of homestead to paid transfer, so that the value of farmers' housing property can be reflected, and carry out a pilot project of housing transfer on a larger scale. The fourth is to deepen the reform of the rural collective property rights system and protect and realize the property rights and interests of farmers. We will solidly promote the share ownership reform of rural collective assets and resources, establish and improve the rural property rights trading market, and allow farmers to settle in cities with land and other property rights.