Grain production has reached a record 11 consecutive increases.

The Central Rural work Conference opened today to study and deploy the work of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" next year. The reporter learned from the Ministry of Agriculture that grain production has achieved a record "11 consecutive increases" this year, with a total output of 1.2142 trillion jin, an increase of 10.32 billion jin over the previous year. The growth of farmers' income will exceed that of GDP and the income of urban residents for five consecutive years, and the income ratio between urban and rural residents is expected to narrow to less than 3:1.

China's grain production is still in the stage of extensive production.

Although China's grain has achieved "11 consecutive growth" this year, industry experts believe that China's grain production mode is still relatively extensive and is still in the stage of extensive production by relying on chemical fertilizers, pesticides and flood irrigation to increase production.

Li Guoxiang, a rural economics researcher at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said that this simple pursuit of output does bring about the consumption of resources, and it is becoming more and more obvious that the consumption of resources is not sustainable, and even agriculture has become a source of pollution, not only affecting the quality and safety of agricultural products, but also causing great harm to the environment.

The data provided by Li Guoxiang to reporters show that at present, the average amount of chemical fertilizer per mu in China is 21.2 kg, which is 4.1 times the world average, and grain production is still difficult to get rid of the characteristics of "big farmers, big water and big fertilizer." this extensive development mode directly leads to the decline of soil fertility. At present, the degraded area of cultivated land in China has accounted for more than 40% of the total area of cultivated land, the black soil layer in Northeast China has become thinner, and the soil in the South has been acidified. The shallow plough layer in the North China Plain seriously affects the output of cultivated land. Under the increasingly serious constraints of cultivated land and water resources, this situation urgently needs to be changed.

Change the mode of production and improve the growth of healthy production capacity

Industry experts pointed out that the next urgent step is to change the mode of agricultural development, that is, to build the development of agricultural food on a more sustainable basis. The key is to allow some unhealthy production capacity to withdraw in an orderly manner, including the use of heavily polluted and deserted arable land, and the over-exploitation of groundwater to develop grain production also needs to be adjusted, and the withdrawal of unhealthy production capacity should be replaced by the growth of healthy production capacity in the future.

Ye Xingqing, head of the Village Department of the Development Research Center of the State Council, pointed out that one of the healthy production capacity comes from the construction of high-standard farmland. By 2020, China will build 800 million mu of high-standard farmland, and the production capacity of one mu of land should be increased by 100kg. This is the production capacity of 80 billion kilograms, and this is the healthy capacity. The second aspect of healthy production capacity is science and technology, including new improved varieties, the level of mechanization, fertilizer application technology, and the third is moderate scale operation.

Experts pointed out that the reform of the land system is the core of rural reform, and under the current situation, the circulation of land management rights should be encouraged in an all-round way, the pilot of land mortgage should be carefully carried out, and the right of transfer should be controlled. By the end of June 2014, the transferred area of contracted cultivated land in rural areas nationwide had reached 380 million mu, accounting for 28.8% of the total contracted cultivated land. Data show that in recent years, the proportion of contracted cultivated land transfer has increased year by year, with an increase of 4.8 percentage points last year, another 2.8 percentage points in the first half of this year, and an increase of 40 million mu in the first half of this year.