The Direction of the Reform of Rural Collective property right system under the New normal

In order to deeply study and implement the spirit of the third and fourth Plenary sessions of the 18th CPC Central Committee, promote the construction of a new type of urbanization and the reform of the rural collective property right system, and safeguard and develop farmers' rights and interests, around the topic of "the land problem in the new urbanization, the new exploration case of the rural collective property right system reform, and the theory and practice of the rural" three plots of land, one property "reform" a few days ago. More than 200 government officials, experts, scholars and entrepreneurs participated in the "2014 New urbanization Construction and National suburban Annual meeting" and "2014 Rural Collective property right system Reform and Beijing suburban Association Economic Annual meeting".

Xu Xiaoqing, president of China suburban Economic Research Association and former head of the Rural Department of the Development Research Center of the State Council; Song Hongyuan, Vice President of China suburban Economic Research Association and Director of the Rural Economic Research Center of the Ministry of Agriculture; Li Bingdi, Vice President of China suburban Economic Research Association and former Director of the Village Department of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Jiao Shoutian, executive vice president of the China suburban Economic Research Association and former director of the Beijing Rural Economic Research Center, presided over the meeting. Yin Chengjie, deputy director of the Agricultural and Rural work Committee of the National people's Congress and adviser to the China suburban Economic Research Association, Han Jun, deputy director of the Office of the Central Financial and Economic leading Group and Deputy Director of the Central Rural work leading Group Office, respectively delivered keynote speeches entitled "Land system Reform in New urbanization" and "significance of promoting the Reform of Rural Collective property right system at present."

The participants discussed the practical experience and relevant legal issues of the reform of the rural collective property rights system in Shanghai, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Henan, Shandong, and Guangxi, as well as the establishment of a unified urban and rural construction land market and grass-roots governance mechanisms in the new urbanization.

With regard to the land issue in the new type of urbanization, the participants focused on the establishment of urban and rural construction land market reform. The main point of view is that the difficulty of establishing a unified urban and rural construction land market reform is that the government management department undertakes the function of land management. At present, the central government has made important arrangements for the establishment of a unified urban and rural construction land market and the reform of the government-run land system. However, this involves supporting reforms such as finance, household registration and the transformation of government functions. Experts suggest that we should step up efforts to revise relevant laws and regulations, study and set up the land property right system under the condition of public ownership, explore management methods to standardize the collective construction land market, levy real estate tax, and so on. Opening up collective construction land to enter the market should be treated differently and promoted step by step.

Yin Chengjie said in his keynote speech that China's economy has entered a new normal and urbanization has entered a stage of rapid development, but it is still faced with many outstanding problems. He believes that the new type of urbanization should adhere to "people-oriented, synchronization of the four modernizations, optimal layout, ecological civilization, cultural heritage and market orientation." We should start with reform to solve the land problem in the new type of urbanization. We should adhere to the principle of "strictly controlling the total amount, adjusting and optimizing the structure", deepen the reform of the land management system, establish a regulation and control mechanism for the scale structure of urban land use, and improve the system of land conservation. We will deepen the reform of the rural land management system, speed up the determination of land rights, and promote the separation of the three rights on the basis of the strictest cultivated land protection system. We will promote the reform of the land expropriation system. At the same time, it is necessary to make good use of the results of confirming the rights of rural land and further clarify the nature, power and protection of agricultural land.

Representatives from all over the country have provided rich practical experience in exploring new cases of the reform of the rural collective property right system. It includes the experience of "adhering to six principles and perfecting four mechanisms" in the reform of rural collective property right system in Shanghai; three modes of "dynamic adjustment, static solidification, separation of politics and economy" and three types of "stock discount, asset protection and incremental share expansion" in the reform of rural collective property right system in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province; the reform practice of rural property right system in Jiyuan City, Henan Province, focusing on "six rights, two shares, two reforms, two construction" and so on.

Han Jun said that the reform of the rural collective property rights system is related to the vital interests of farmers and the future direction of the basic rural management system. Since the third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, the pace of rural reform has been accelerated on the basis of grasping the direction, and various reform systems have been vigorously formulated and introduced. He believes that in order to better guide the reform of the collective property right system, it is necessary to further clarify the main body of the collective land property right from the perspective of members' rights, and to further confirm the power expansion and return power to the people on the basis of respecting the wishes of the farmers. it is necessary to further promote the separation of politics and economy and carefully explore the connection mechanism between the rural collective property right system and the market.

With regard to the theory and practice of the reform of "three plots of land, one plot of production" in rural areas, the participants introduced the iron ploughing model of "planting one plot of land and one ridge" in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region. this paper makes an in-depth discussion on the legal problems faced by the reform of "three plots of land, one production" in rural areas, the grass-roots governance structure with no distinction between politics and economy, and collective asset management. It also puts forward some suggestions, such as paying close attention to the formulation of the Rural Collective Economic Organization Law or relevant regulations, promoting the marketization process of rural collective asset management under the background of large capital management, as well as the specific operation plans encountered in the reform.

Participants held that rural areas in developed areas are at the forefront of the theory and practice of rural reform in the process of new urbanization, and strengthening the operation and management of rural collective "three plots of land, one piece of property" is an important fulcrum for protecting and realizing farmers' rights and interests in the process of urbanization. Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid progress of urbanization, suburban rural areas have made a lot of breakthroughs and formed a lot of practical experience in the reform of collective property rights system, the entry of collective land into the market, collective asset management and so on. However, under the background of comprehensively deepening reform, new urbanization and governing the country according to law, the reform of collective property right system in suburban rural areas and the effective operation and management of "three plots of land and one property" still have a long way to go. It is necessary to deepen the reform, explore the effective ways to realize the rural collective economy, and safeguard the rights and interests of farmers. The reform of collective property rights system should focus on studying and solving the problems such as the ownership of rural collective property rights, the definition of collective membership rights, the operation mechanism of collective assets, and the improvement of grass-roots corporate governance structure. In order to establish a unified market-oriented reform of urban and rural construction land in the process of new urbanization, we should pay close attention to the preparatory work of amending relevant laws and study the establishment of a land property right system under the condition of public ownership. we will speed up the related reforms such as the transformation of finance, household registration and government functions.

This meeting gathered a large number of typical cases, as well as an in-depth discussion at the legal level. The discussion at the meeting not only reflected the achievements of the current reform of rural collective property rights system in China, but also deepened the understanding of the reform of collective land into the market and the management of collective assets in the process of urbanization, and put forward specific measures and reform paths to deepen the reform of "three plots of land and one property" in rural areas in the next step. It provides an important train of thought for the theoretical research and practical exploration of China's rural reform.