The Rural work Conference will set the direction of reform: 1 to 4 the right of farmland will be confirmed next year.

The Central Rural work Conference was held in Beijing from 22nd to 23rd. The meeting discussed some opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on further deepening rural reform and accelerating agricultural modernization (discussion draft), and put forward five major aspects of work for the development of agricultural modernization: the first is to vigorously develop agricultural industrialization; the second is to actively develop various forms of moderate scale operation; the third is to build resource-saving and environment-friendly agriculture; the fourth is to increase agricultural policy and capital investment. Fifth, make good use of two kinds of resources in two markets.

In view of actively developing various forms of moderate scale operation, the meeting stressed that this is the only way for agricultural modernization and the conscious choice of the peasant masses. It is necessary to guide and standardize the orderly transfer of land management rights, develop various new types of agricultural operators, give priority to grain and agriculture, avoid "non-grain", and resolutely prohibit the "non-agriculturalization" of cultivated land. There are various ways to develop moderate scale operation. We should adjust measures to local conditions, give full play to the pioneering spirit of the grassroots and the masses, and allow "exploration, exploration, and re-exploration." As long as it is in line with state laws and policies and the direction of reform, the peasant masses welcome it and should encourage and support it in any form.

As the basic work to ensure the orderly transfer of land management rights, a reporter from the Economic Information Daily learned from the national agricultural work conference held at the same time that the pilot project of registering and issuing certificates for the confirmation of land contractual management rights in China in 2015 will be further expanded, and eight to 10 provinces will be selected to carry out province-wide pilot projects, and each prefecture and city in other provinces will select one county to carry out county-wide pilot projects, covering an area of about 500 million mu. Experts say this means that 1/4 of the contracted management rights of agricultural land across the country are expected to be granted next year, and the land transfer will be smoother in the future.

It is reported that in 2014, the pilot work of registering and issuing certificates for the confirmation of land contractual management rights in China has been carried out steadily, and provincial-wide pilot projects have been carried out in Shandong, Sichuan and Anhui provinces, together with county-wide pilot projects in other provinces. At present, the pilot area has reached 330 million mu.

Zheng Fengtian, a professor at the School of Agriculture and Rural Development of Renmin University of China, said that at present, many local governments still need to improve their enthusiasm in the work of confirming power. The central government has demanded that the confirmation of power be completed within five years, but this year there are only three whole provinces in the pilot project. It can only be said that it has just set sail, so the selection of 8 to 10 provinces to carry out provincial pilot projects next year is a comprehensive acceleration of this work.

Chen Xiwen, deputy head of the Central Rural work leading Group and director of the office, said that in addition to the three provinces, Shandong, Anhui and Sichuan, announced in March this year, Zhejiang Province is now the province with the fastest progress in the work of confirming power and certification in the country. however, at present, the number of years of the contract after the registration and issuance of the certificate is a very tangled technical issue, and the third Plenary session of the 17th CPC Central Committee mentioned that the existing contract relationship remains stable and will remain unchanged for a long time. Therefore, the contract certificates in some places have the words "unchanged for a long time" written in the column of the contract period, but this has not been specifically stipulated in the law and system, so the central government has clearly proposed to step up efforts to demonstrate what the legal expression that remains unchanged for a long time is.

In addition to the basic work of confirming the certification of land contractual management rights, there will also be a number of reforms in rural collective land next year. Minister of Agriculture Han Changfu also put forward the specific ways to carry out this work at the 12th meeting of the standing Committee of the 12th National people's Congress on the 23rd. He pointed out that the next step will be to cooperate with the standing Committee of the National people's Congress to step up efforts to amend the Land contract Law, give farmers the right to mortgage and guarantee land management rights, and allow farmers to take shares in agricultural industrialization management. We will deepen the reform of the rural collective property rights system, carry out the pilot reform of the market entry of rural collective construction land, and launch the pilot reform of the shareholding rights of rural collective assets.

The main results of the second national land survey and other related data show that the total area of rural collective land is 6.69 billion mu, including 5.53 billion mu of agricultural land and 310 million mu of construction land, and non-resource assets reach 2.4 trillion yuan. It is reported that the reform of the rural collective property rights system began 25 years ago, and about 4.8 percent of the villages nationwide have carried out the reform of the shareholding rights of rural collective assets. by the end of last year, there were 28000 villages and 50, 000 villagers' groups across the country had completed the reform of quantifying assets, involving assets of more than 430 billion yuan, accumulating dividends of more than 150 billion yuan, and nearly 30 billion yuan in 2013 alone. However, the problems such as unclear ownership of property rights, unreasonable land transfer and unreasonable land system have not been solved, so it is the first time that the pilot project of joint-stock power reform will be carried out at the central level.

Chen Xiaohua, vice minister of the Ministry of Agriculture, said earlier that the important purpose of the reform pilot project is to actively develop farmers' joint-stock cooperation, and the requirements are "clear ownership, clear rights and responsibilities, strict protection, and smooth flow." the core task is to give farmers the six rights of possession, income, paid withdrawal, mortgage, guarantee, and inheritance of collective assets. In addition, it is necessary to further clarify the three rights in order to expand the land management rights, and to clarify the use control mechanism and income distribution mechanism for the entry of rural collective construction land into the market, which need to deepen the reform of the existing rural collective property rights system.

In this regard, Zheng Fengtian said that the focus of the reform of joint-stock rights of collective assets is not only to prevent the loss of collective assets, but also to ensure that collective members enjoy the reform dividend, so as to maintain and increase the value of assets. The first task is to find out the family background and confirm the membership and the number of assets. With the increase of rural hukou migration in previous years, it has become very difficult for the central government to make unified arrangements, only to rely on the village collective to explore on its own, and then form a relatively perfect share system on the basis of exploration.

Zheng Fengtian said: as far as the rural collective economy is concerned, in fact, the most "fat" piece of "meat" is the rural collective construction land, and the pilot market reform to be carried out soon can invigorate the best quality asset of the collective economy and maximize its value. However, we should also pay attention to not allowing the collective to do whatever they want with the contracted management rights of farmers under pretext, so it is very important to amend the Land contract Law, and the contracted management rights of farmers must be protected in accordance with the law. In fact, with regard to the reform of the land system, detailed arrangements have been made at the third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, and the most important thing now is how to implement it. among them, the realization form of the rural collective economy after the reform and the existence form of public ownership are the issues that the government is most concerned about at present.

Some people also question the reform of shareholding rights of rural collective assets, thinking that demutualization will become a reform of "nurturing lazybones", resulting in the phenomenon that some farmers only wait for dividends. In this regard, experts said that at present, this situation has indeed occurred in some parts of southern China, but it should be noted that this phenomenon is not unique to rural areas, it is the same as urban people renting out real estate, it is a natural market phenomenon, and at present, it seems that this phenomenon is not common in rural areas, and there is no need to worry too much.