Stocktaking 2014 Fertilizer Scientific fertilization to improve quality and increase efficiency

Editor's note:

In 2014, "cultivated land quality" and "scientific fertilization" were frequently mentioned and put on the government's routine work agenda. In recent years, on the one hand, the extensive use of chemical inputs, resulting in soil acidification, the decline of the quality of cultivated land; on the other hand, the structural overcapacity of chemical fertilizer, fertilizer enterprises seek innovative breakthroughs. At this time, the country's cultivated land quality construction, scientific fertilization and even the adjustment of chemical fertilizer industry policies all point to the strategic transformation under the new normal, with a view to further doing a good job in scientific fertilization and improving quality and efficiency in agricultural production under the new situation of appropriate scale management of land, so as to achieve the long-term goal of more environmentally friendly and sustainable development.

NO.1

New breakthrough has been made in the construction of intelligent fertilizer distribution network.

This year, a major breakthrough has been made in the construction of intelligent fertilizer distribution network. Soil testing formula expert system and intelligent fertilizer dispensing machine are one of the contents of the national soil testing formula fertilization subsidy project. At present, the soil testing formula fertilization subsidy project covers all agricultural counties (farms) in the country. The installation of the touch screen of the expert system meets the fertilizer distribution needs of a considerable number of key grain production villages and towns, and the installation of intelligent fertilizer dispensers can increase the fertilizer production capacity of more than 20 million tons (physical tons). In order to meet the needs of family farms, professional farmers and farmers' professional cooperatives for high quality and low price formula fertilizer.

By 2013, Dezhou City, Shandong Province had invested a total of nearly 40 million yuan in central financial funds and mastered the basic situation of soil nutrients. On the basis of a large number of data, they established a soil testing formula fertilization expert system to provide scientific reference for regional fertilization. Farmers can click on the plots on the touch screen of the expert system to get personalized and accurate fertilization prescriptions, and can use intelligent fertilizer dispensers to mix fertilizers for free. On July 24, Premier Li Keqiang came to Dezhou City, Shandong Province to inspect the construction of the intelligent fertilizer distribution network of Deqiang Farm. He hopes to continue to step up efforts to do a good job of soil testing and formula fertilization, which is a beneficial project for the people.

NO.2

The cultivated land quality improvement project continues to be implemented.

This year, the General Office of the Ministry of Agriculture and the General Office of the Ministry of Finance jointly issued the Circular on improving the quality of cultivated Land (Agricultural Finance Office [2014] No. 68). According to people in the industry, the cultivated land quality improvement project is the continuation and deepening of the soil organic matter improvement project implemented by the two Ministry of Agriculture and Finance for six years.

At present, China's agricultural development has entered a critical period of transformation and reform. after increasing grain production year after year, it is facing the tests of soil degradation, decreasing returns for fertilizer efficiency, agricultural non-point source pollution, extreme climate and so on. one of the potentials of sustainable production is to build the quality of cultivated land and improve the fertility of cultivated land through scientific fertilization and balancing soil nutrition. The Ministry of Agriculture and Finance jointly issued a circular calling for a good cultivated land quality improvement project, which fully reflects the country's determination to revive the construction of cultivated land quality with the full support of the central and local governments.

NO.3

Implementation of the General principles for the Construction of High-standard farmland

The National Standard of High Standard farmland Construction principles (GB/T30600-2014), which was approved and issued by the General Administration of quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and the National Standards Commission, was formally implemented on June 25 this year, led by the Ministry of Land and the Ministry of Agriculture. High-standard farmland refers to land leveling, centralized connection, perfect facilities, farmland matching, fertile soil, good ecology, strong disaster resistance, drought and waterlogging harvest, high and stable yield in line with modern agricultural production and management, and designated as permanent basic farmland. By 2020, the state plans to build 800 million mu of high-standard farmland with concentrated plots and guaranteed harvest by drought and waterlogging.

A prominent highlight of the General principles is that while strengthening the soil engineering transformation of cultivated land, supporting fertility improvement measures, soil improvement, balanced nutrition, improvement of organic matter and cultivated land quality monitoring network construction are regarded as the important contents of the implementation of high-standard farmland construction projects, which make up for the disconnection between previous engineering transformation and agronomic fertilization, and reflect the major ideological transformation of high-standard farmland construction work. Through the implementation of national standards, we should guide all localities to attach importance to and build the inherent quality of cultivated land in the construction of high-standard farmland, so as to ensure the continuous improvement of the comprehensive production capacity and yield-increasing capacity of cultivated land. To implement the General principles, it is necessary to focus on the simultaneous construction of cultivated land quality and high-standard farmland infrastructure projects, the simultaneous improvement of field monitoring system and high-standard farmland construction, and the simultaneous implementation of the promotion of new agricultural technologies and high-standard farmland construction.

NO.4

Extension of Water and Fertilizer Integration to Grain crops in North China

In Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and other places, the National Agricultural Technical Service extension Center has stepped up the promotion of the integration of water and fertilizer based on the integrated technology model of wheat, corn and potatoes. this year, the application area is nearly 8 million mu.

These places adopt the integrated technology of micro-spraying water and fertilizer, with an average investment of about 200 yuan per mu, with an increase of 100 kg for wheat and 180 kg for corn, an increase of more than 20%. Wheat saves 70 square meters of water and 10 kilograms of fertilizer, while corn saves 40 square meters of water and 9 kilograms of fertilizer, which is equivalent to 110 square meters of groundwater and 19 kilograms less fertilizer per mu each year. The potato adopts the technology of integration of water and fertilizer, the yield is increased by 1500kg / mu to 2000kg / mu, and the benefit is more obvious. North China is the main grain producing area in China, with wheat accounting for 79% of the country's output and corn accounting for 42%. At the same time, the water shortage in North China is serious, and the average amount of water resources per mu is less than 1/5 of the whole country. According to a preliminary estimate, if the integration of water and fertilizer is fully promoted, about 200 million mu of irrigated wheat and 150 million mu of irrigated corn in North China can save 20 billion square meters of water each year, exceeding the total amount of water used in Beijing in the past five years, and nearly half of the total amount of water transferred from the south to the north. 3.35 million tons of fertilizer can be saved every year, which is equivalent to the annual output of 10 large chemical fertilizer plants. 47 billion kg of grain and 78.5 billion yuan can be increased in one year and two seasons. The promotion of the integration of water and fertilizer for "grain" crops in North China has opened up a new way to save resources, be environmentally friendly, and increase grain income.

NO.5

Agricultural materials (fertilizer) e-commerce has become a hot word in the industry.

After "double 11", the news that the e-commerce giant JD.com Mall "will sell chemical fertilizer" sparked a heated discussion. Taobao, on the other hand, launched a second-level channel, "Rural Taobao", covering fertilizers, plastic film and other commodities. In addition to the third-party trading platform, there are self-built online sales platforms for enterprises, such as the "China Fertilizer purchase Network" of Shandong Luxi Chemical Group Co., Ltd.

Compared with IT industry and FMCG industry, agriculture is involved in e-commerce later. Expanding e-commerce business, for agricultural dealers, is to pave the way for the future. At present, new agricultural operators such as farmers' professional cooperatives, family farms and large growers are developing rapidly. after the appropriate scale operation of agriculture, the advantages of e-commerce docking large households have been shown. However, some people in the industry said that agricultural materials (fertilizer) e-commerce is still very immature, and on the whole, the Internet penetration rate of farmers is not high. Farmers are used to adopting credit mode and fertilizer and other bulk goods transport costs are too high, logistics inconvenience and so on to curb the momentum of e-commerce development. The entry of mature e-commerce platforms without agricultural background into fertilizer will seriously impact the existing channels of the highly mature industry and pose a great challenge to logistics. In addition, there will be a sharp increase in disputes over the quality of agricultural materials (fertilizers) without face-to-face physical transactions and lack of credit supervision. However, in the long run, the Internet of things and e-commerce represented by big data will provide great opportunities for the development of modern agriculture, which needs to fully connect with the most advanced Internet technology. Agricultural materials (fertilizer) e-commerce will become a trend, how to actively deal with, how to guide correctly, is the problem that agricultural materials (fertilizer) industry needs to face squarely.