The strictest protection of cultivated land to ensure national food security

At the beginning of the new year, the State Council held a video conference on the delineation of permanent basic farmland and the management of facility agricultural land in Beijing on January 5. This videoconference on national food security can be said to be a meeting to implement the strictest cultivated land protection policy in history.

It is not difficult for us to understand several profound meanings from the important instructions given by Li Keqiang, member of the standing Committee of the political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and premier of the State Council before the meeting.

"our country has a large population and little land, so we must keep the red line of cultivated land and the red line of basic farmland at all times." China's population now accounts for 19.1% of the world's population, and the national arable land area is only 1.826 billion mu, accounting for only 7% of the world's cultivated land area. As the largest population in the world, we have to rely on this arable land to solve the problem of feeding a large population. If we fail to keep the red line of 1.8 billion mu of cultivated land, we will not be able to guarantee the food security of more than 1.3 billion people.

"We must attach equal importance to quantity and quality, strictly delimit permanent basic farmland, strictly implement special protection, tighten the 'fence' for the protection of cultivated land, and build a solid foundation stone for national food security." The quantity of cultivated land in our country is not only limited, but also the quality is worrying.

According to the National cultivated Land quality Grade Bulletin issued by the Ministry of Agriculture in December 2014, the quality grade of 1.826 billion mu of cultivated land (land data before the second survey) is divided into one to ten from high to low. Among them, the area of cultivated land rated as first to third class is 498 million mu, accounting for 27.3% of the total cultivated land. The basic fertility of this part of cultivated land is relatively high, and there are basically no obstacle factors. Agricultural production should be carried out in accordance with the combination of use and cultivation to ensure that the quality of cultivated land increases steadily. The area of cultivated land rated as fourth to sixth grade is 818 million mu, accounting for 44.8% of the total cultivated land. The environmental and climatic conditions of this part of cultivated land are basically suitable, the construction of farmland infrastructure has a certain foundation, and the obstacle factors are not obvious, which is the key area and important breakthrough for increasing grain production in the future. The area of cultivated land rated as 7 to 10 is 510 million mu, accounting for 27.9% of the total cultivated land. The basic soil fertility of this part of cultivated land is relatively poor, and the production obstacles are prominent, so it is difficult to improve fundamentally in a short time, so the construction of farmland infrastructure and the internal quality of cultivated land should be carried out continuously.

According to the investigation of the Ministry of Land and Resources, a considerable amount of cultivated land in China has been moderately and severely polluted, and most of them are not suitable for farming, and a certain amount of cultivated land has been affected by the destruction of the surface soil layer caused by mining collapse and the over-exploitation of groundwater. In this way, the cultivated land suitable for stable use is more than 1.8 billion mu.

In recent years, with the rapid progress of industrialization and urbanization, many places occupy a lot of high-quality cultivated land, and most of them are low-grade cultivated land.

Insisting on attaching equal importance to quantity and quality, delimiting permanent basic farmland, strictly implementing special protection, and tightening the "fence" of cultivated land protection is no longer a theoretical issue, but a very important practical problem that must be conscientiously implemented.

"to change the mode of agricultural development and promote agricultural modernization, we need the development of facility agriculture. We should not only clarify its special land use policy, but also strictly standardize land use management, strengthen monitoring and inspection, and seriously deal with the problem of land violations."

At the end of last year, the Central Economic work Conference stressed: it is necessary to unswervingly speed up the transformation of the mode of agricultural development, to attach equal importance to quantity and quality, to improving competitiveness, to agricultural technological innovation, and to sustainable and intensive development. take the road of modern agricultural development with high output efficiency, product safety, resource conservation, and environment-friendly. These major requirements, based on the long term, focus on the overall situation, grasp the key to the construction of modern agriculture, and point out the direction for promoting agricultural modernization.

The Central Rural work Conference held in December 2014 clearly pointed out that agricultural modernization is the foundation and support of national modernization, which still highlights the "deficiency", and the key and difficult points of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way are still in rural areas. China's economic development has entered a new normal, and accelerating agricultural modernization is of great significance to stable growth, structural adjustment and the benefit of the people's livelihood. Tapping the consumption potential of the largest group of farmers can give better play to the basic role of consumption; agricultural and rural infrastructure and public services are backward, there is a huge demand for new investment, and making good use of this space can give better play to the key role of investment; expanding and strengthening the agricultural industry can form many new industries, new business type, new models, and cultivate new economic growth points.

"Local governments at all levels should earnestly assume the main responsibility and unswervingly implement the strictest cultivated land protection system and the strictest land conservation system in the process of deepening the reform of the rural land system and promoting a new type of urbanization. leave fertile land and green fields to future generations. Local governments at all levels are duty-bound to implement the strictest cultivated land protection system and ensure national food security. If we grasp the local governments at all levels who bear the main responsibility, we will grasp the crux of the problem.