Joining villages and households is a major innovation of poverty alleviation strategy

Since the middle of the 20th century, countries all over the world and relevant international organizations have put forward and implemented many anti-poverty strategies. Among them, the main anti-poverty strategies are as follows:

First, the strategy of economic growth. This strategy was mainly implemented by some developing countries in the 1950s and 1960s. Its basic meaning is to solve the problem of poverty by promoting economic growth. The two "Development decade" plans put forward and implemented by the United Nations in the 1960s are also the concrete practice of this economic growth strategy. Although the implementation of this strategy has led to rapid economic growth in many developing countries, it has not solved the problem of poverty as expected.

The second is the redistribution strategy. According to the different objects of redistribution, this strategy can be divided into two specific strategies, namely, marginal redistribution strategy and productive asset redistribution strategy. The advocates of the former are the World Bank Development Research Center led by Holly Chennali, who emphasize that the main object of redistribution is the incremental part of economic growth, that is, redistribution in the general marginal sense. Through this redistribution, part of the economic increment can be transferred from the rich to the poor, so as to eliminate the excessive gap between the rich and the poor and achieve the strategic goal of anti-poverty. The core of the latter can be summarized as "pre-growth redistribution", which emphasizes the redistribution of the stock of assets that can be used for economic growth, that is, first distribution and then growth. The premise of this strategy is to ensure that the poor have access to basic public services. Since costly public services in many countries are largely owned by the upper and middle classes of society, it is necessary to reverse this situation by ensuring that housing subsidies, education spending, health care and other programmes benefit the poor. This requires a reallocation of public consumption and changes to many of the government's investment plans. The strategy also emphasizes the participation of the poor in the development process. Because a society in which the rich hold power, it is impossible to really consider the interests of the poor, so the poor must participate in the development process.

The third is the strategy of green revolution. Nowadays, most of the poor people in the world live in rural areas, so the development of rural economy has become the inevitable choice of anti-poverty strategy. The Green Revolution strategy attempts to solve the problem of food and poverty in rural areas by introducing, cultivating and popularizing high-yielding crop varieties, and using biotechnology to increase crop yields and develop rural productivity.

Fourth, social service strategy. Efforts to alleviate poverty will not be successful in the long run without greater investment in the human capital of the poor. Only by investing in human capital, especially in education, can we eradicate the root causes of poverty. Therefore, after the 1970s, the focus of anti-poverty strategy has gradually shifted to the provision of health, nutrition, education and other social services, which has been implemented as an important social policy of government departments.

Fifth, the "two-factor" development strategy. In the 1990s, the focus of anti-poverty strategy shifted again. In the World Development report 1990, the World Bank put forward a development strategy with two equally important factors. The first factor is to encourage the poor to devote their richest assets, that is, labour, to productive activities, requiring governments to use policies to constrain and stimulate markets, social and political organizations, infrastructure, technology, etc. The second factor is the provision of basic social services to the poor, of which primary health care, nutrition and primary education are particularly important. The report believes that these two factors complement each other and cannot succeed without either of them.

The above anti-poverty strategies have been practically applied in anti-poverty in some countries and regions, and achieved certain results, but they have not been able to eradicate poverty fundamentally, which also shows that anti-poverty will be long-term and arduous. In view of the poverty problem in Gansu, Secretary Wang Sanyun put forward the poverty alleviation strategy of "joining villages and households", which is a major innovation to the poverty alleviation strategy, and its positive significance is far-reaching.

First, it has further strengthened the relationship between the party and the masses, consolidated the party's ruling foundation, and found an effective form of realization for the party's mass line. First, it has enhanced the service consciousness of party members and cadres. By observing the feelings of the people, solving the worries of the people, being approachable, and sharpening their aspirations, the cadres of the joint households have a true understanding of the conditions of the village and the people, have a real feeling about the warmth and warmth of the people, and their ability to serve the masses has been significantly enhanced. Second, it has improved the service ability of party members and cadres. Joint household cadres enter the village, preach policies face to face, listen to public opinions, solve problems, receive education, temper their will, and raise the level of policies. Participating in the joint operation has enabled more cadres to become "sensible people" of policies and regulations, "insiders" of social conditions and public opinions, and "intimate people" of soothing emotions. Third, it has strengthened the relationship between the Party and the masses, cadres and the masses. The people's livelihood is connected with the hearts of the people, and the people's livelihood unites the hearts of the people. As long as they do something for the common people, they will remember it in their hearts, write it on their faces, and regard him as their relatives. The down-to-earth work style and professional guidance of household cadres have been recognized by the villagers, and the cadres and the masses have forged a profound friendship, opening a new chapter in the relationship between the cadres and the masses.

Second, the combination of villages and households also provides an effective form for accurate poverty alleviation. In the "opinions on innovative mechanisms to promote Rural Poverty Alleviation and Development", the CPC Central Committee and the State Council proposed to establish an accurate poverty alleviation mechanism. The so-called accurate poverty alleviation means that the state formulates a unified method for identifying poverty alleviation objects. On the basis of existing work, all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) adhere to the effective connection between poverty alleviation and development and the rural minimum living security system, and build a national poverty alleviation information network system in accordance with the principles of county as a unit, scale control, graded responsibility, accurate identification, and dynamic management. Special poverty alleviation measures should be linked with the results of poverty identification, make an in-depth analysis of the causes of poverty, formulate assistance measures from village to house, concentrate efforts to support them, earnestly support real poverty and poverty alleviation, and ensure that the goal of stable poverty alleviation is achieved within a specified period of time. On the other hand, our province carries out the work of joining villages and households to make poverty alleviation work more flexible and targeted, and its role is also similar to promoting accurate poverty alleviation.

Third, in the activities of joining villages and households, various localities have explored their own unique new models of getting rid of poverty and becoming rich according to the actual situation. 1. The "four ones" mutual help model. Jingchuan County gives full play to the exemplary and leading role of the "first rich people" in rural areas. to explore and form a "four-one" mutual help model (a party member to help a poor party member, an industrial rich household to support a poor peasant household, an association leader to expand an income-increasing industry, and a private entrepreneur to help a poor peasant household). two。 The mode of financial support for agriculture. In order to solve the biggest problem of the shortage of funds in rural areas, the provincial finance and financial departments in the Shuanglian operation joined hands to pry credit funds with financial funds. creatively launched a new rural financial operation mode of positive interaction of various funds, such as "double loans for farmers", mutual aid funds for poverty alleviation, women's micro-credit and so on. Shiyang Village in Zhuanglang County has explored and launched the "quadrilateral linkage" financial model of supporting agriculture and helping farmers by the government, banks, leading enterprises and farmers, in order to explore a new way to solve the difficulty of farmers' loans. 3. The combination of internal and external, paired support mode. One is to help in pairs across provinces. Wushan County and Nan'an City in Fujian Province have concluded friendship counties and cities, Zhongjiacha Village in Huining County, Beishun Village in Wushan County, and Rongzhong Village in Nanan City, Fujian Province, and have taken the lead in exploring and forming the model of "the east and the west, the rich first and then the rich." the county and village pair and run together to be well-off. Second, help in pairs in the province. Mubo Town, Huanxian County, Qingyang City, Gaozhaigou Village and Qianjin Village, Ganzhou District, Zhangye City, formed a "one-to-one" pairing model. Qianjin Village specially appointed more than 20 technical personnel to guide Gaozhaigou Village to plant out-of-season facilities melons and vegetables, providing a strong technical support for the rapid economic development of Gaozhaigou Village. 4. The mode of promoting the construction of rural grass-roots organizations. Beishun Village in Wushan County has explored and formed the party organization setting mode of "service-oriented party committee + characteristic party branch + industrial party group", the party member education and management mode of "post responsibility + star management", and the village management operation mode of "village party committee + village committee + village supervision committee". The "double push and four priority" model implemented by Huanxian County in the process of recruiting party members (mass recommendation, party member recommendation and superior spirit to convey and implement priority to party members, priority to inform party members of important work, priority feedback to party members on work progress, priority to consult party members on major issues); Lintao County and Shandan County respectively formed by absorbing capable people into the village team, the "capable person-driven" model is more distinctive and effective.