In-depth discussion-the plant will send a distress signal to the root after it is injured.

In-depth discussion-the plant will send a distress signal to the root after it is injured.

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Scientists in the United States have found in a recent study that when they are externally injured, they can send chemical signals to the roots for help.

In the study of plant physiology and nervous system, scientists claim to have found that when plants are attacked by disease-causing bacteria, leaves find distress signals to the roots. The root will also respond immediately after receiving the distress signal, secreting an acidic substance that carries beneficial bacteria.

Hash Bayes, a professor of plant and soil science at the University of Delaware in the United States, said it is generally believed that plants are most vulnerable to harmful fungi or bacteria without responding. But we have found that plants actually have many ways to call for help. Bayes used a pathogen called Pseudomonas clove to infect Arabidopsis leaves, and soon Arabidopsis began to develop the disease. But after its roots were instilled with a beneficial bacteria called Bacillus subtilis, the sick Arabidopsis thaliana recovered quickly. Farmers can also apply fertilizer containing Bacillus subtilis to the soil to enhance plant immunity. Bacillus subtilis forms an antibacterial protective film around plant roots.

Using molecular biology, scientists have detected the call for help from the leaves to the roots. Growing in roots that contain Bacillus subtilis, they respond to signals and secrete malic acid, a chemical rich in carbon. Byers explained that all plants can synthesize malic acid, but only under special circumstances or for a particular purpose. In the experiment, plants actively secrete malic acid to attract Bacillus subtilis. Magnified images of roots and leaves show that the plant's self-defense response is provided by this beneficial bacteria. Scientists have not yet figured out what this distress signal is transmitted from the leaves to the roots, but further experiments and studies are needed.