Interpretation of addition and subtraction in document No. 1

The CPC Central Committee and the State Council recently issued several opinions on strengthening Reform and Innovation and speeding up Agricultural Modernization. The document points out that it is necessary to actively adapt to the new normal of economic development, continue to comprehensively deepen rural reform and comprehensively promote the construction of the rule of law in rural areas in accordance with the general requirements of stabilizing grain income, improving quality and increasing efficiency, and driving innovation. We will promote the simultaneous development of new industrialization, informatization, urbanization and agricultural modernization, strive to tap new potential in improving grain production capacity, and open up new ways to optimize agricultural structure. Seek new breakthroughs in changing the mode of agricultural development, achieve new results in promoting farmers' income, and take new steps in building a new countryside.

The writing of "opinions" is closely linked to the word "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" in every field, which embodies the heaviness of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" everywhere. For example, we should consolidate the foundation of grain production, put forward higher requirements for the protection of cultivated land, pay more attention to agricultural infrastructure and the "last kilometer" of irrigation and water conservancy, optimize the agricultural structure and strengthen the driving role of agricultural scientific and technological innovation.... In the author's opinion, in the big "compass" of the Central No. 1 document, one of the bright spots is mainly reflected in "addition" and "subtraction", which is bound to provide a new starting point and important opportunities for the development of agriculture, rural areas and farmers.

The "addition" is even stronger-- the "opinion" stresses: "to speed up the development of modern agriculture, we must consolidate the foundation of grain production. No matter how we change the way and adjust the structure, we must not lower the grain production capacity or reduce the arable land. This is the bottom line that must be adhered to. " "We will continue to regard agriculture and rural areas as a priority guarantee area of fiscal expenditure at all levels, speed up the establishment of a mechanism for stable growth of input, continue to increase fiscal expenditure on agriculture and rural areas, and central investment in infrastructure continues to tilt towards agriculture and rural areas." Thus it can be seen that "food is the most important thing for the people, and agriculture is based on the field." Protecting cultivated land is a basic national policy of the country, and solving the problem of feeding 1.3 billion people has always been a long-term strategic task of the country. The state has repeatedly ordered that it should "stick to the red line of 1.8 billion mu of cultivated land" and constantly increase investment in agriculture and rural areas. its starting point and goal is to ensure the food security of our country. Therefore, the premise of stabilizing grain production is to ensure that the area of cultivated land "only increases but not decreases," and give priority to ensuring input in agriculture and rural areas. only in this way can we "have grain in our hands and not panic in our hearts."

The bright spot of "subtraction" frequently appears-- it is proposed in the "opinion" that "seed production insurance for major grain crops should be included in the catalogue of premium subsidies from the central government." The insurance amount subsidized by the central government should cover the direct materialization cost. We will speed up the study and introduction of the central financial policy of substituting awards for the insurance of agricultural products with advantages with local characteristics. " "where there is a practical need, we should expand the pilot project of villager autonomy with villagers' groups as the basic unit, continue to do a good job in the pilot project of villager autonomy with communities as the basic unit, and explore effective forms of villagers' autonomy in line with the reality of various localities." Thus it can be seen that the state continues to introduce some "subtractive" measures to reduce the burden on farmers, and continues to increase investment in rural education, medical care, and other social undertakings, which is conducive to alleviating the pressure on farmers' expenditure in this regard.

Solving the problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers has a bearing on the overall situation of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, and must always be the top priority of the work of the whole party. Document No. 1 puts forward a series of new viewpoints, new policies, and new measures around "agriculture, rural areas and farmers," which will certainly provide new impetus and vitality for agricultural development, rural prosperity, and farmers' prosperity. Therefore, in order to realize the new development of agriculture and rural areas under the new normal of economic development, we must, in accordance with the general requirements of stabilizing grain income, improving quality and efficiency, and driving innovation, take reform as the driving force, the rule of law as the guarantee, and speed up the modernization of agriculture with Chinese characteristics. to lay the strongest foundation for the realization of the great "Chinese Dream".