Structural Adjustment should expand more Space for Agricultural Development

this year, the central committee's no. 1 document comprehensively laid out the need to further promote agricultural restructuring as an important task in modern agricultural construction. On the basis of "eleven consecutive increases" in grain production and "eleven consecutive increases" in farmers 'income, carrying out a new round of agricultural restructuring is not only an initiative from a high starting point, but also a problem-oriented trend.

Why do you say it's an active act from a high starting point? Domestically, after successive bumper harvests in agriculture, the supply of major agricultural products is sufficient; the domestic economic development enters a new normal, and the growth of agricultural product consumption and processing demand may weaken, creating a favorable opportunity for promoting the adjustment of crop structure; the new national food security strategy is fully implemented, which makes the guarantee focus of agricultural production more prominent and provides a more relaxed policy environment and resource space for promoting the adjustment of crop structure; The consumption structure of agricultural products has been accelerated and upgraded, and the demand potential for high-quality agricultural products in the future has been revealed. People should not only eat well, but also eat safely and nutritionally, which has brought market impetus to promote the adjustment of crop structure. At the same time, the international agricultural product market supply is sufficient, and the inventory consumption ratio of bulk agricultural products is at an all-time high, which provides more leeway for China to further adjust and optimize the agricultural structure. It can be said that further adjustment and optimization of agricultural structure is facing a rare opportunity, and it is timely to promote the transformation of agricultural development from focusing on quantity growth to paying equal attention to quantity, quality and benefit.

Why is it problem-oriented? This is because while grain production has increased for many years, contradictions between quantity and quality, total quantity and structure, cost and benefit, production and environment are still prominent in China's agricultural development. The quality of black land in Northeast China has declined, heavy metals in cultivated land in some areas have exceeded the standard, groundwater has been over-exploited,"grain transportation from north to south" and "water diversion from south to north" coexist, and the contradiction between hard constraints on resources and environment and production development has become increasingly prominent. The development of high-quality, diversified and specialized agricultural products is relatively lagging behind. On the one hand, it is difficult to sell agricultural products one after another. On the other hand, consumers 'demand for high-quality beef and mutton, vegetables and fruits cannot be well met. The contradiction between the quality structure of agricultural products and the rapid upgrading of residents' consumption is increasingly prominent. The structure of grain and feed is unreasonable. On the one hand, crop straw burning is repeatedly prohibited; on the other hand, corn, soybean and other feed raw materials are in short supply; on the other hand, cultivated land fertility continues to decline; on the other hand, it is difficult to control manure pollution in aquaculture industry; the contradiction between planting and breeding is not tight and circulation is not smooth is increasingly prominent. The integration of primary, secondary and tertiary industries is insufficient. On the one hand, the ecological, social and cultural functions of agriculture are not fully exploited; on the other hand, the problems of low added value of agriculture, low comparative benefit of agriculture and weak market competitiveness are becoming increasingly prominent. These problems indicate that China's agriculture has reached an important node in adjusting the structure, and it is imperative to further adjust and optimize the agricultural structure.

Opening up a new way to optimize the agricultural structure shows that the new round of adjustment and optimization of agricultural structure is not a repair and repair of the original structure, not a problem of planting a few mu of grain and a variety of vegetables, but to establish four concepts of large ecology, large food, large market and multi-function, scientifically determine the self-sufficiency level of main agricultural products, reasonably arrange the priority of agricultural industry development, and expand more space for agricultural development. In view of the problem of loose combination of grain, economy and feed structure and planting and breeding structure, Document No.1 proposes to speed up the development of grass animal husbandry, promote the coordinated development of grain, cash crops and forage planting structure, vigorously cultivate characteristic agriculture, etc., and emphasizes the development of "cross-border", emphasizing the need to guide farmers to recite "Shan Hai Jing", sing "forest and grass opera" and play "fruit and vegetable cards" well. Only in this way,"guaranteed supply" is not only the level of food and clothing in which every family has rice in its rice jar and vegetables in its vegetable basket. Document No.1 also proposes to develop intensive processing of agricultural products, accelerate the promotion of large-scale, intensive and standardized livestock and poultry breeding, and promote healthy aquaculture, which is a response to improving agricultural benefits and meeting diversified consumption demands.

It is worth noting that further adjustment and optimization of agricultural structure does not mean relaxing grain production. Agricultural restructuring in the mid-1980s led to grain production stagnating for five consecutive years. In the late 1990s, the agricultural and rural economic structure was adjusted. Due to the relaxation of grain production, the cultivated area and grain sown area continued to decrease, and grain output continued to decline. To adjust and optimize the agricultural structure under the new situation, we must fully summarize and learn from the previous experience and lessons, jump out of the thinking set of grain production and cash crops, take stabilizing grain output as the premise, take improving grain production capacity as the foundation, adhere to the four bottom lines that grain production capacity cannot be lowered, basic farmland cannot be reduced, farmers 'income growth rate cannot be slowed down, and ecological environment cannot be deteriorated. Only the Chinese people's rice bowls are firmly in their hands at all times. It is not just a dream that the Chinese people's dining tables are becoming richer and safer.