Speed up the reform of the property right system of rural resource assets

On September 29, 2014, the fifth meeting of the Central leading Group for comprehensively deepening Reform examined and approved the pilot Plan for actively developing Peasants' Stock Cooperation to empower Collective assets, which will take into account the eastern, central and western regions. It is very necessary to choose different regions to carry out the pilot project. According to the national agricultural economic statistics, there are great differences in rural collective assets. The eastern region has 76% of the assets, while the western region accounts for only 7% of the total assets. The author believes that in the rural areas with developed industrial economy and more commercial property income, a large number of disputes are involved, and the property right reform of operating assets is urgent. However, in the agricultural villages with underdeveloped industrial economy and no other sources of income, it is more fundamental to carry out the reform of rural collective property rights system in agricultural villages with a large number of resource assets such as land, mountains and forests.

First, the protection of property rights and the realization of power of resource assets are the core part of the modern property right system in rural areas. The establishment of a sound property rights protection system is an important basis for the normal operation of the market economy. In agricultural areas, cultivated land, mountain forests and other resources are the lifeblood of farmers' livelihood, and rural collective land rights are the largest property rights of farmers. at present, there is a lack of power in the disposal of rural land property income, and the subject of collective land ownership is virtual. Farmers' land ownership is not clearly defined and protected lax, and the usufruct of farmers' contracted land, homestead and houses can not be fully realized. The free flow and optimal allocation of resources are seriously hindered. Quantifying the conversion of assets into shares on the book is only a problem of technical operation, and the above property rights problem is related to the deep-seated basic problems of the rural market economy. Compared with the economically developed areas, these are the outstanding problems faced by agricultural areas.

Second, in a series of rural reforms deployed by the central government, the protection and activation of the rights of land and other resource assets have a bearing on the overall situation. In short, the goal and task of the pilot project of rural collective property rights reform, which is called by all walks of life, is to "endow rights, clarify property rights, improve powers and powers, and activate various factors of production". There is no doubt that resource assets such as land are the most direct need to clarify property rights. improve income, dispose of power, but also the most need to activate factors of production in the development of rural market economy. In fact, in the deployment of the central government, the reform of resource assets such as land has always been an important part of the collective property rights system, which is related to the overall situation of rural reform. On December 2, 2014, the Seventh meeting of the Central leading Group for comprehensively deepening Reform examined the opinions on Rural Land expropriation, the entry of Collective Construction Land into the Market, and the pilot work of Homestead system Reform. Major reforms in construction land and homestead are about to start.

Third, many resource assets are still the sources of operating assets, operational assets and non-operating assets can not be fully separated. According to incomplete statistics of the Ministry of Agriculture, by the end of 2013, the total book assets of national collective economic organizations have reached 2.4 trillion yuan, a large part of which are dependent on the land collectively owned by farmers, or derived from the land collectively owned by farmers. Therefore, even in areas with large net book assets and developed economy, operational assets, non-operating assets and resource assets should be included in the scope of quantification. only in this way can we ensure the integrity of rural collective assets and be a thorough reform. only in this way can we invigorate all the rural collective assets, make them play a greater value, and better realize and protect the property rights and interests of farmers.

Fourth, although the contradictions and disputes of resource assets are chronic and not obvious, they are also cumulative and most related to the stability of rural society. Land is the carrier of rural social management, but resource assets such as land are often difficult to solve because of complex historical problems and property rights. If we give up on it in the reform of the property rights system, or only take the part that can be converted into capital income to deal with, these contradictions will continue to accumulate, and the accumulated contradictions may be difficult to deal with. The property right reform of land resource assets is related to the long-term stability of rural areas.