Promote the deep integration and development of rural primary, secondary and tertiary industries

A new highlight of the Central Committee's No. 1 document this year is to increase farmers' income, and it is necessary to promote the integrated development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas. The document points out that to increase farmers' income, it is necessary to extend the agricultural industrial chain and increase the added value of agriculture; vigorously develop characteristic farming, agricultural products processing industry and rural service industry; support the development of one village, one product, one township (county); actively develop various functions of agriculture and tap the value of rural ecological leisure, tourism, culture and education. We will support the construction of a number of landscape tourism villages and towns with historical, regional and ethnic characteristics, and create various forms and distinctive rural tourism and leisure products.

According to the practical experience of development at home and abroad, the integrated development of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas refers to the integration of agricultural production, processing and marketing of agricultural products, catering, leisure and other service industries by means of industrial linkage, industrial agglomeration, technological infiltration, institutional innovation and other means of cross-border intensive allocation of capital, technology and resources. It makes the rural primary, secondary and tertiary industries closely linked and coordinated development, and finally realizes the extension of agricultural industrial chain, industrial scope expansion and farmers' income. Obviously, taking agriculture as the basic support, promoting the integrated development of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas will help farmers to share the dividends brought by the "integration" of the three industries, and help to attract modern elements to transform traditional agriculture to realize agricultural modernization. it is conducive to expanding agricultural functions, cultivating new growth points in rural areas, strengthening the interconnection of agricultural and rural infrastructure and promoting the construction of a new countryside.

In the international arena, the Japanese Nai Liangchen put forward the development concept of industrial chain integration and integration earlier. He believes that the way of industrial chain integration must be adopted to improve farmers' income. in 1994, he put forward the concept of "six industries" of agriculture, that is, primary industry + secondary industry + tertiary industry = six industries. Six industries = primary industry × secondary industry × tertiary industry. The Japanese government absorbed the development idea of "six industries" and formulated the Law on the Promotion of Agriculture, Industry and Commerce in 2008 to support the cooperation of agriculture, industry and commerce. In March 2010, the Japanese Cabinet meeting adopted the new basic Plan for Food, Agriculture and Rural areas, which proposed to increase farmers' income and create new business models through the development of "six industries". It is also necessary to combine the six industrialization with the environment and low-carbon economy to create new industries in rural areas. At that time, the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Japan successively promulgated the "six industrialization: land production Law" and relevant outline documents, put forward a number of policies and measures to promote the development of the "six industries", set up promotion committees, and implemented preferential financing policies. set up investment funds, improve agricultural and rural infrastructure, support cooperation between small and medium-sized enterprises and agricultural producers, and support farmers to develop new products, new industries and new markets. Support agricultural technological innovation. After six times of industrialization in Japan, agricultural vitality has been enhanced, and farmers' income has also increased significantly.

After entering the 21st century, with the rapid progress of urbanization and industrialization in China, the continuous improvement of agricultural and rural infrastructure and the rapid application of information technology, the trend of integrated development of agriculture and secondary and tertiary industries began to appear all over the country. For example, develop sightseeing agriculture, leisure agriculture and urban agriculture in the suburbs of cities and towns; develop information agriculture, facility agriculture and factory agriculture in developed areas; and develop high-end value-added agriculture and establish agricultural product processing bases in the main producing areas of agricultural products. Set up direct sales of agricultural products and so on. To sum up, at present, there are four forms of integration and development of agriculture and secondary and tertiary industries in various parts of our country: first, the integration of internal industries in agriculture, such as the combination of planting and breeding. The second is the extended integration of agricultural industrial chain, that is, taking agriculture as the center, connecting the supply of seeds, pesticides and fertilizers with agricultural production, or the processing and marketing of agricultural products with the production of agricultural products, or establishing a train of agricultural production, supply and marketing; the third is the cross-integration of agriculture and other industries, such as the integration of agriculture, culture and tourism. Fourth, the penetration integration of advanced factor technology to agriculture, such as the rapid popularization and application of information technology, not only blurs the boundary between agriculture and secondary and tertiary industries, but also greatly shortens the distance between supply and demand. This makes online marketing, online rental trusteeship and so on possible. From the domestic development practice in recent years the integration and development of the primary and secondary industries in rural areas has achieved remarkable results. The agricultural industrial chain has been extended the scope of rural industries has been broadened the added value of agriculture has increased and the income of farmers has also increased.

However, at present, the integration of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas is still in the primary stage of development, the degree of integration between agriculture and the secondary and tertiary industries is low and shallow, the growth of new agricultural management organizations is slow, and the diffusion and penetration of advanced technological elements is not strong; the supply of agriculture-related public services is insufficient. For this reason, first, we must deepen the reform of agricultural and rural management system and improve the level of integrated management and service for agriculture.

We will actively promote the reform of the rural property rights system, focusing on the separation of the three rights of land and the reform of collective property rights. We will continue to deepen the reform of the rural financial system, while ensuring the supply of policy-oriented finance, actively carry out financial system innovation, improve the coverage of rural banks, expand the scope of commercial banks' credit business in rural areas, and support the healthy development of new rural financial cooperation organizations. The second is to speed up the development of new agricultural management organizations, encourage and support family farms, professional cooperatives, associations, leading enterprises, agricultural socialized service organizations and industrial and commercial enterprises to carry out various forms of integrated development of rural industries. The third is to establish an interest coordination mechanism for the integration and development of rural industries to ensure that farmers and business organizations can fairly share the "dividend" in the integration of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries. The fourth is to speed up the construction of the industrial policy framework for the integration and development of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas, formulate a standardized construction system for industrial integration, carry out skills training for agriculture-related entrepreneurs and farmers, and improve their ability of industrial integration. Fifth, establish a rural industrial integration development fund, continuously increase investment in agricultural and rural infrastructure construction and public services, and provide financial, tax and financial assistance support for the development of industrial integration.