Key points of cultivation techniques for High quality and High yield of Tomato

How to achieve high-quality and high-yield tomato cultivation? What kind of growth environment is suitable for tomato growth, and what are the better cultivation techniques? The cultivation techniques of tomato are summarized as follows:

1 growth characteristics of tomato

First of all, the growth of tomatoes is inseparable from the sun. if the sun is not enough, it is easy to cause pathological changes in the fruits or roots and leaves of tomatoes. The result is that the pulp is very small, sour and astringent, but too high light will make the plants stop growing. Secondly, the choice of ground soil for growing tomatoes is also very important, it should be planted in a flat and open place, and the soil should have a certain degree of fertility, and the soil layer should have a certain thickness so that it is easy to irrigate; then, the best time for tomato cultivation is December, which is the most suitable for newly developed seedlings and can ensure that the time of ripening to market occupies an early position. Finally, nursing, during the whole process of tomato ripening, some plants should be pruned, which is commonly known as "branching" in the local language, which can help tomatoes grow in a healthy direction. In addition, in the process of their growth, if the plant is bigger and taller and thicker, it needs to provide support for it to grow healthily.

2 cultivation techniques of tomato

2.1 cultivation techniques

There are five technical problems that need to be paid attention to in this link, that is, seed selection, pre-germination, germination and planting. And divide the seedlings.

First of all, seed selection is a key link. For the topography and climate of Shanxi, seeds with strong drought resistance, disease resistance, high yield and good quality are the best choices, such as Dahong No. 1 and Beijing Fan Queen. In addition, there are some hybrid varieties that also belong to excellent seeds.

Second, after selecting the seeds, we should carry out pre-cultivation and let them germinate, but we should also do a certain amount of preparatory work before germination, such as disinfecting the seeds first, so that the seeds can be less or free from germs in the process of growth. the specific disinfection method is to soak in warm soup or replace it with trisodium phosphate, both of which can ensure the smooth and safe germination of seeds.

Third, seed germination should be carried out at an appropriate temperature, usually between 20 degrees Celsius and 25 degrees Celsius. To accelerate germination in this environment, it is also necessary to ensure that the seeds are provided with adequate humidity, frequent watering, and real-time observation and tracking.

Fourth, tomato seeds after germination need to be planted, but before that, a suitable seedbed suitable for seed growth should be selected and the germinated seeds should be evenly sprinkled on the selected seedbed. The seedbed should be watered in advance, and then cover the soil. After sprinkling the seeds on the soil, if you are worried about the effect of low temperature, you can cover the plastic film. Maintain the suitability of the temperature, which can further ensure the emergence rate of seeds. Finally, divide the seedlings, wait until the seedlings send out two leaves, divide the seedlings into a distance of ten centimeters between each plant, and then cover them with soil. During this period, the supply of nutrients that need to be paid attention to must be adequate, so as to ensure the survival probability of the seedlings.

2.2 Technical details in the process of seedling growth

In the process of seedling growth, temperature is the most basic and most important detail, and the temperature difference between day and night in Shanxi is relatively large, so it is necessary to ensure the temperature control of seedlings in the morning and evening every day to prevent the death of seedlings caused by sudden cold and heat. In addition, we should also pay attention to the light, the seedlings need to carry out aerobic respiration, so to ensure adequate light. Every day, growers should also pay attention to observe whether the soil moisture for seedling growth is appropriate, water shortage should be timely watering, not too dry.

Seedlings are in great demand for nutrients during the growing period, just like nursing babies, so don't hesitate to provide them with nutrition.

2.3 Management techniques during plant growth period

The technical points of this period include six aspects: seedling retardation, environment, prevention of diseases and insect pests, fertilization and weeding, pollination, fruit, and pruning during the period. In the slow seedling stage, if the vegetable farmer uses a greenhouse, it is necessary to ensure that it is airtight for three to five days, which is beneficial to the smooth progress of the slow seedling. During the growing period, the daily growth temperature of tomato plants should be controlled between 10 degrees Celsius and 15 degrees Celsius to ensure humidity and light. During this period, the breeding of diseases and insect pests is also quite serious. For those common diseases, such as Botrytis cinerea, root rot, aphids and so on, they should be prevented in advance, eliminated with corresponding pesticides, and fertilized regularly to tomato plants. Wild weeds in the field should be removed in time, because these wild weeds growing around tomatoes will absorb the original nutrients of tomatoes and slow down their growth rate. The roots, stems and leaves of the plant also become smaller, and even breed diseases and insect pests, so they should be cleaned up in time. Tomato pollination is essential. In some cases, artificial pollination will be adopted, including some vegetable farmers will release their own bees to help tomatoes complete this important link. Only in this way can we effectively ensure the growth environment of the plant and the quality of the pulp as well as the nutrients will not be lost. Finally, there is pruning, which is also very important. The principle of pruning is that each tomato leaves only three or four spikes, otherwise too many tomatoes will not have enough nutrients and taste bad. There is a sour feeling.

Tomato is a variety with high nutritional value in vegetables, and its market demand also determines that its planting area will become larger and larger. In order to adapt to this large market supply, it is necessary to produce high-quality, nutritious tomatoes. Therefore, cultivation techniques are particularly important. As can be seen from the description of this article, the cultivation techniques of tomatoes need very careful study and attention. Only in this way can its quality and output be guaranteed.