To develop moderate scale operation of agriculture should be pragmatic.

With the rapid advancement of industrialization, informatization, urbanization and agricultural modernization in China, a large number of rural labor forces have been transferred, the level of agricultural material technology and equipment has been continuously improved, the circulation of farmers 'land contract management rights has been accelerated obviously, and the development of moderate scale management faces favorable conditions and opportunities. But at present, people still exist some misunderstanding to agricultural moderate scale management. Pragmatism is the key to promoting the healthy development of agricultural moderate scale management.

The benefits of scale management cannot be viewed unilaterally. Scale management refers to the concentration and combination of three elements of management-labor force, labor means and labor object. When the target benefit reaches the best, the concentration and combination of each element will reach the appropriate scale of management. Whether the scale of operation is moderate or not depends on whether the benefit reaches the optimal level. The benefits mentioned here are not unilateral, but comprehensive. First, ensure the stable development of agricultural production. If this fails, it means that scale management has failed. Second, increase agricultural labor productivity. Increasing the output per unit of labor time is an inherent requirement of scale management. Third, improve the land yield rate. Scale management must be combined with intensive management. If we carry out centralized scale management under extensive management, it is impossible to achieve optimal management efficiency. Fourth, improve the utilization rate of resources, mainly to improve the utilization rate of land and optimize the allocation of labor force. Fifthly, increase the income of agricultural management subject, which is the fundamental motive force for the development of scale management of management subject. Therefore, whether the scale of operation is appropriate or not should be comprehensively evaluated from the perspectives of national macroeconomic benefits, farmers 'microeconomic benefits and social benefits.

The scale of agricultural management cannot be blindly large. In developing moderate scale operation, we should give consideration to efficiency and fairness, and prevent the tendency of deviating from reality, violating farmers 'wishes and unilaterally pursuing super-large scale operation. Agricultural scale management needs to concentrate land, but land concentration is not the purpose, but to give full play to the synergistic effect of various production factors, reduce agricultural production costs, and improve agricultural efficiency and competitiveness. The scale of land management is not the bigger the better, but should be adapted to the actual development. At present, the average cultivated land per household in rural China is about half a hectare, and the labor force engaged in grain production is about 150 million. According to the standard of 120 mu per household in the north and 60 mu per household in the south, only 43 million agricultural labor force is needed. This means that more than 100 million workers will need to move out of agriculture. If land is concentrated rapidly in a short period of time, a large number of rural labor force transfer and employment problems will occur, which will bring great challenges to economic development and social stability. Therefore, to promote agricultural scale management, we should not blindly pursue large-scale and high-speed land concentration, but should focus on protecting farmers 'interests; the circulation of land contract management rights should not crowd out farmers on a large scale, but should fully protect farmers' land rights and interests. At present, the reasonable scale of land management in rural areas of our country is 10 to 15 times of the area of contracted land per household, and the income from farming is roughly equivalent to the income obtained from local secondary and tertiary industries. At the same time, moderate scale operation is a dynamic relative concept, and the standard of "moderate" is different in different regions and different situations.

Moderate scale management forms cannot be pursued uniformly. It is an important form to realize moderate scale management through land circulation. We should encourage qualified places to formulate supportive policies to guide farmers to transfer contracted land for a long time and promote their transfer of employment. However, the centralization of land circulation is not the only way to realize scale management. For example, large-scale management realized by farmers voluntarily adopting the method of exchanging and merging land to solve the problem of fragmentation of contracted land, and large-scale management in agricultural production links realized through socialized services should be encouraged. Farmers should also be encouraged to develop joint household management through joint use of agricultural machinery and joint marketing, develop various forms of farmers 'cooperative organizations, encourage large-scale management of the whole agricultural industry chain including prenatal, middle and post-production, and realize large-scale management in the form of large-scale supply of agricultural means of production, unified agricultural technology service and unified sales of agricultural products through the development of agricultural socialized services; Encourage leading agricultural industrialization enterprises and other agriculture-related enterprises to engage in the processing and circulation of agricultural products and socialized agricultural services, and encourage farmers and farmers 'cooperatives to develop large-scale operations; guide industrial and commercial capital to develop modern farming and breeding industries suitable for enterprise management, such as seed breeding, high-standard facility agriculture and large-scale breeding, and develop rural "four wastes" resources and develop diversified operations; Support agricultural enterprises to establish a close interest linkage mechanism with farmers and farmers 'cooperatives to achieve reasonable division of labor and mutual benefit and win-win results. At the same time, pay attention to giving play to the basic role of family management and promote the parallel development of scale management and farmer management. We should focus on cultivating family farms engaged in specialized and intensive agricultural production with family members as the main labor force and agriculture as the main source of income, so as to make them a viable force leading moderate scale operation and developing modern agriculture; encourage the integration of agriculture-related funds to build contiguous high-standard farmland, and give priority to the circulation to family farms, large professional households and other large-scale operation entities.

Formalism should not be practiced in cultivating new agricultural management subjects. Modern agriculture depends on the main body of agricultural management to promote. To a certain extent, the quality of agricultural management subjects determines the level of agricultural modernization. We should innovate the agricultural production and management system, steadily improve the degree of farmers 'organization, cultivate new professional farmers, cultivate large professional households and family farms, develop farmers' professional cooperatives, enlarge and strengthen leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization, and accelerate the construction of a new agricultural management system combining intensification, specialization, organization and socialization. Encourage and guide industrial and commercial capital to develop modern farming and breeding industries suitable for enterprise management in rural areas, and import modern production factors and business models into agriculture. Give full play to the role of the government in the cultivation of new agricultural management subjects, especially vigorously carry out education and training for new professional farmers, integrate education and training resources, carry out agricultural skills and management ability training around leading industries, expand the scale of demonstration training for rural practical talents and leaders, strive to build a new type of professional farmers and rural practical talents cultivation, identification and support system, establish a training system for public welfare farmers, and explore the establishment of a new type of professional farmers system.