At present, the evolution of traditional villages is worrying.

Traditional Chinese villages are experiencing great changes that have not happened in thousands of years. According to the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics, the urban population in mainland China reached 690.79 million in 2011, accounting for 51.27% of the total population, surpassing the rural areas for the first time. At the same time, China's rural areas have shown a trend of empty shell: the influx of rural population to the cities, resulting in a large number of villages being left vacant or abandoned, the improvement of road traffic, the increase of population mobility and the expansion of information network coverage, etc. it has increased the speed and intensity of the infiltration of foreign culture into rural areas, and the traditional culture of villages tends to be marginalized. The traditional values in rural areas are seriously challenged, the family consciousness is diluted, and the inheritance of family culture and customs and traditions is weakening day by day; the traditional villages and their cultural and internal structures, which have lasted for thousands of years, are disintegrating and are in danger of disappearing. It can be said that it is "the autumn of life and death".

General Secretary Xi Jinping once affectionately pointed out: "the reason why the Chinese nation has been able to endure tribulations, be full of vigor and vitality, and continue to grow and grow, and has always stood erect among the nations of the world, is because it has such a rich spiritual home. Such a strong spiritual support. This is the collective memory and collective call passed on by a great nation for thousands of years. At the central urbanization work conference, he earnestly put forward the hope that "the residents should be able to see the mountains, see the water, and remember their nostalgia."

There are still serious misunderstandings in the protection of traditional villages.

Misunderstanding one: emphasis on tangible architectural protection, light invisible aboriginal cultural protection, or emphasis on "solid" cultural protection, light "living" cultural protection. Under such protection understanding and concept, the protected traditional village is often only a "dead" building without cultural soul. The value of traditional village culture is not only reflected in architecture, but also contained in aboriginal production and life style, customs, spiritual beliefs, morality and value orientation, ideas and so on. Material and non-material culture and other aspects of the "living state", these are the core of traditional village culture, especially need to pay attention to and protect. Traditional villages and their cultural protection must not be limited to the protection of the style and appearance of traditional village buildings, while ignoring the "people" living in these traditional village buildings, as well as the material culture and non-material culture created and inherited by "people". Seeing only things but not people is against the purpose of protection. How to achieve the coexistence of people and things? We must pay attention to all aspects of aboriginal living environment, production and life. The protection of people's livelihood is always the first place in the protection of traditional villages, so as to ensure the effectiveness of the protection mechanism, to ensure that the traditional village culture will not be disconnected from the real social life, and that there will be no "fault" in national history and culture. in order to ensure that the traditional village and its culture exist in today's Chinese civilization in a fresh form.

Misunderstanding 2: in the process of urbanization and urbanization, under the guidance of the concept of political achievements eager for quick success and instant benefits, many grass-roots cadres still do not realize that the traditional village culture is related to the national historical and cultural memory, and think that if the traditional village has no development value, it can not enhance the local GDP or "make meritorious deeds" for its political achievements. Instead of spending so much money to protect it, it is better to let it die. Some may even be driven by economic interests, the linkage between government and business, and the way of "forced demolition".

The Wujia Garden in the south of Taigu County, Shanxi Province is an ancient architectural complex. The original seven large houses, with more than 20 street doors, courtyard doors, waist wall doors, aisle doors, pavilions and other rooms, were once a rare well-preserved building of the Ming and Qing dynasties of Jin merchants in Taigu County. Wujia Garden embodies the "fine" and "skillful" style and features of the courtyard of the Jin Dynasty in ancient China, and was officially listed as a "cultural relic protection unit" at the county level in 2008. Such a building complex with Shanxi regional style was listed as a key project for the renovation of urban areas in 2014 and was forcibly demolished. For such a traditional village and "immovable cultural relics" with important historical and cultural significance and value, its value is to retain a real and objective scene recording historical civilization for future generations. At this time, the scene is bricks and tiles on the floor, "cultural heritage" has become an eternal "cultural regret"!

Land poisoning leads to the emergence of new "hollow villages"

The earth contains all things, and all things support people's livelihood, so the land is called the mother by human beings. However, with the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization in China, rural land is constantly damaged by various pollution sources. At present, the current situation of land pollution in China is very serious. Statistics from the Ministry of Land and Resources show that at present, more than 10% of the cultivated land in the country has been polluted by heavy metals, including 30 million mu of cultivated land polluted by mining areas and 75 million mu of cultivated land polluted by oil. the stacking pollution of solid waste is about 750000 mu, the pollution of "industrial waste" is nearly 150 million mu, and the sewage irrigated farmland is nearly 50 million mu, resulting in the basic loss of soil productivity and becoming "poisonous soil." This does not include the deep pollution of land caused by pesticides and chemical fertilizers. The amount of pesticide used in China has reached 1.3 million tons, which is 2.5 times the world average. The aggravation of pollution leads to the decrease of soil natural water storage and fertilizer conservation capacity, organic nutrient composition and tillage depth, which directly affects the yield and quality of crops and harms human health.