Vigorously promote the development of agricultural aviation plant protection industry in China

China is a country with serious occurrence of agricultural diseases, pests and weeds. With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, the ability to absorb and accept rural labor has been improved. It has also led to the massive transfer of rural labor to cities and towns, the seasonal labor shortage in rural areas and a sharp rise in labor costs. At the same time, rural land transfer is accelerating, and there are more and more family farms, new agricultural economic entities and large growers. The demand for pest control is increasing, and the traditional small knapsack spraying equipment in China can no longer meet the current market demand. Large and medium-sized plant protection machinery and agricultural aviation plant protection machinery with high operational efficiency, wide range of application, water-saving and drug-saving, less labor and less labor have been developed rapidly.

At the same time, there are some problems in the development.

1) at present, aviation plant protection shows certain advantages, but China's access system for aviation aircraft is very strict, and our airspace is not open, so for agricultural aviation aircraft, especially for the use of manned aircraft, it is necessary to strictly follow the relevant air traffic control regulations of our country, which limits the development of agricultural aviation in our country.

2) the number of agricultural aviation aircraft in China is obviously less, and the proportion of agricultural aviation plant protection in the national plant protection is relatively small, which restricts the development of aviation plant protection technology in our country. The types of agricultural aviation aircraft in China are messy, the supporting technology is backward, and the construction of flight service infrastructure and support system is backward. The operation, repair and maintenance costs of manned agricultural aviation aircraft are high, and there is a lack of talents, which also restricts the development of agricultural aviation aircraft in our country.

3) the application equipment and control technology of agricultural aviation plant protection are backward. Agricultural aviation plant protection application equipment and technology is the key to efficient and high-quality aviation plant protection. Europe, the United States, Japan and other developed countries have invested a lot of human, financial and material resources in related research, and achieved great results. The number of agricultural aviation aircraft in China is small and there are many restrictions for take-off, so the related research is limited. although UAV develops rapidly, it is basically based on aircraft models. simple assembly of aviation spraying equipment and control technology The research of some pesticide application equipment and technology in China (such as low-altitude and low-volume aviation application technology, aviation anti-floating application technology, aviation precision application technology, aviation spray special preparation technology, etc.) lags far behind the developed countries in Europe and the United States. can not reach the accuracy and quality of foreign advanced equipment and pesticide application technology.

Promoting the development of aviation plant protection in China should start from the following aspects--

1) enter agricultural machinery subsidy. The subsidy policy for the purchase of agricultural machinery has become a decisive factor in the agricultural machinery market. The strength and quality of the implementation of the subsidy policy directly affect the dynamics of the market and the development of the industry. At present, the promotion of aviation plant protection is greatly limited because of the high price, maintenance and use cost of aircraft. The progress of subsidies for agricultural machinery that have passed quality inspection and identification of aircraft and aviation plant protection equipment should be accelerated.

2) specialized prevention and control organization operation subsidy. The main body of UAV operation takes specialized prevention and control organizations as the main implementation object, and the state should establish special subsidies to subsidize specialized prevention and control organizations according to the area of prevention and control.

3) Safety supervision. Attach importance to the safety of aviation plant protection operations, determine safety regulatory agencies, improve the safety supervision and regulatory system of aviation plant protection admittance and operation, agricultural machinery supervisors check the qualifications of aircraft and aviation plant protection equipment participating in the operation, regularly review the training and study and the qualification of machine operators, carry out safety education and sign for operators, so as to prevent problems in the bud and ensure the smooth progress of aviation plant protection operations.

4) Standard construction (quality standard, operation standard, effect evaluation standard). Make clear the product quality appraisal and supervision departments, formulate the technical standards for the design, production and manufacture of agricultural plant protection UAV products as soon as possible, and establish product quality inspection standards and quality management system; study and formulate norms and standards for flight operation management of agricultural plant protection UAV, agricultural plant protection UAV flight operator on-the-job training and qualification certification system, to achieve certification. To study and formulate standards and norms for UAV aviation plant protection operation quality, control effect evaluation and environmental risk assessment, so as to promote the high-quality, high-benefit, safe and controllable development of UAV aviation plant protection industry.

5) Technical training. Centralized training, on-site operation, demonstration base observation and distribution of technical materials are adopted to train operators to improve the operation skills and scientific management level of aviation plant protection equipment. special attention should be paid to guiding operators to combine aircraft operation with technical knowledge of pesticide application.

6) Technical support. The focus of the basic research on the spraying technology of agricultural aviation plant protection UAV is to strengthen the correlation between the movement law of fine droplets and the meteorological factors inside and outside the crop canopy, the high efficiency anti-floating spray technology, and the key technology of flight control system. research on special preparation for UAV aviation plant protection and so on. It is suitable for different regions to meet a variety of special light aircraft series for the prevention and control of different crops and diseases and insect pests and the combined efficient aviation pesticide application system to achieve precision spraying and other agricultural aviation operations, forming a series of agricultural aviation plant protection sprayers in China.

7) Policy guarantee. China's airspace has always been controlled by the air force, and at present it has not been opened to low altitude (only to a very small number of areas) to meet the requirements of agricultural aviation operations. It is suggested that countries should learn from international experience and make open use of low altitude as an important natural resource in the agricultural field: the first step is to develop low altitude within 500m, gradually from 500m to 1000 m in already open areas; accelerate opening up in places where conditions are ripe, and further tap potential.

8) accelerate the development of industry. We will strengthen the integration of industry, university and research, encourage qualified enterprises and scientific research institutes to cooperate in the research and development of advanced and suitable aviation plant protection equipment suited to China's national conditions, support the introduction, digestion and absorption of new and efficient aviation plant protection equipment, and enhance product development and manufacturing capability. strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights in enterprises. The government has set up special funds for the development of aviation plant protection, focusing on supporting technological innovation and industrial upgrading of enterprises.