Grain subsidy policy needs to be adjusted and improved.

In his Government work report, Premier Li Keqiang talked about a series of policies and measures to ensure food security, which is a great encouragement to major grain producing provinces like Henan. " Wheat is the main food crop in China, stabilizing the yield of wheat will stabilize the demand for pasta rations to a large extent. Zhu Mengzhou, deputy to the National people's Congress and director of the Henan Provincial Department of Agriculture, believes that in order to increase wheat production, the state must continuously increase financial subsidies to promote wheat production to adopt advanced technology and good farming methods.

"in order to effectively increase the promotion of improved varieties, give full play to the role of new varieties in increasing production and improving quality, and effectively increase wheat production capacity, it is suggested that the state should implement the policy of free and unified seed supply as soon as possible on the basis of existing subsidies for improved wheat varieties." Zhu Mengzhou said: at present, the planting area of winter wheat in the country is about 340 million mu, and if unified seed supply is implemented free of charge, the seed supply is calculated on the basis of 25 jin per mu and 2 yuan per jin, which will cost a total of 17 billion yuan, which can increase the yield of wheat by 11.9 billion jin. At present, the subsidy standard for improved wheat varieties implemented by the state is 10 yuan per mu, and the annual state financial fund is about 3.4 billion yuan. if the whole country implements the unified supply of wheat for free, the state finance needs to allocate another 13.6 billion yuan, which is only equivalent to the capital for the construction of 20 kilometers of urban subway. it can greatly improve the actual production capacity of wheat.

In Huang-Huai wheat region, deep ploughing and soil preparation for wheat production is a traditional and effective measure to increase yield by improving soil water, fertilizer, gas and heat conditions and creating good conditions for crop root growth. Through investigation, Zhu Mengzhou found that due to the wide application of rotary tillage machinery in recent years and the direct return of corn straw to the field in a large area, the plough layer became shallow and the straw could not be buried effectively. thus, the uneven emergence of wheat seedlings, the decrease of population stress resistance, the aggravation of diseases and insect pests and other problems seriously restrict the high and stable yield of wheat.

Zhu Mengzhou explained that at present, in the Huang-Huai region, after the autumn harvest, carrying out deep ploughing of soil, burying deep straw and realizing fine soil preparation has become the key link to win a bumper wheat harvest. According to the investigation, the straw returning plot adopts deep ploughing and soil preparation measures, which can increase the yield by about 10% compared with the average mu of rotary ploughing. Henan Province insists on deep ploughing and land preparation as an important measure to avoid disasters and increase production, and strives to expand the area, but in the process of actual promotion, there are some restrictive factors, such as the county-level government has no money to do, farmers are afraid of spending money, and agricultural mechanics are unwilling to do it.

For this reason, Zhu Mengzhou suggested that both deep ploughing and subsoiling should be listed as major technical measures for increasing grain crop production, and that the subsidy policy for deep ploughing and land preparation should be vigorously promoted and implemented. In practice, the need for deep ploughing operation area should be verified according to the suitable deep ploughing area and autumn straw returning area, the operation subsidy amount should be calculated according to 50% of the mu cost, and the full subsidy should be realized step by step according to the financial situation. Among the more than 81 million mu of wheat in Henan Province, the area suitable for deep ploughing is nearly 70 million mu. By 2020, Henan Province plans to build 63.69 million mu of high-standard grain fields, of which the sown area of corn in autumn is about 52 million mu, requiring an annual area of 80%, that is, 42 million mu of all straw is returned to the field. At present, the cost of corn straw returning to the field for deep ploughing and land preparation is about 70 yuan per mu, and if half of the subsidy per mu is subsidized, about 1.5 billion yuan is needed, which can increase the annual output of wheat by more than 3 billion jin and save more than 600 million jin of seeds. "

At the same time, in order to further stabilize wheat yield, the state began to implement the wheat "one spray and three control" subsidy policy in recent years, which can effectively prevent wheat diseases and insect pests, improve wheat stress resistance and improve the overall quality of wheat. Zhu Mengzhou also suggested that the subsidy standard for "one spray and three prevention" of wheat should be raised to about 15 yuan per mu, accounting for 80% of the total cost, until the operation of "one spray and three prevention" was carried out free of charge.