Land circulation cannot be targeted

On the afternoon of March 10, the third session of the 12th National people's Congress held a press conference at the Medya Center. Liu Zhenwei, vice chairman of the NPC Agricultural and Rural Committee, answered questions on the rural land contract law and the seed law.

Liu Zhenwei said that the revision of the rural land contract law has been included in the legislative plan of the standing Committee of the National people's Congress this year, and the revision work has been started. He said: "the current rural land contract law was implemented in 2003. Over the past 12 years, it has been a period of rapid economic and social development and rapid urbanization in China. During this period, we have more than 200.007 million million rural labor force to work in cities and towns, a large number of new business entities have emerged, and the speed of land transfer and scale operation has been accelerated. Under such circumstances, the mode of operation of agricultural production is already changing, so this time the revision of the Land contract Law is to transform these decisions into legal norms in accordance with the decision put forward by the Central Committee on improving the rural land contracting system, so as to adapt the rural land contracting system to the mode of agricultural production and management. "

As for what will be mainly involved in the revision of the rural land contract law, Liu Zhenwei said that the central government has made clear requirements on this issue. The third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee and the relevant documents of the CPC Central Committee pointed out that stabilizing the land contracting relationship in rural areas will remain unchanged for a long time, and the right of land contractual management should be given the right to mortgage and guarantee. Farmers who settle in cities should not take withdrawing the right of contracted management of land as a prerequisite for settling in cities; establish an access and supervision system for industrial and commercial capital leasing of agricultural land; and protect the land contractual rights and interests of rural women. These requirements put forward by the central government are all contents that should be considered in the next revision of the rural land contract law.

"protecting the land and property rights and interests of farmers in accordance with the law is the main purpose of amending the Land contract Law this time." Liu Zhenwei said, "the circulation of land and moderate scale operation is a market behavior, which cannot be set down indicators, and cannot be forcibly promoted by the method of performance appraisal. Scale operation is not the bigger the better. Our national conditions are very different, and we should take measures in accordance with local conditions." the size of shoes and feet to wear knows how big the scale of operation is, and the main body of operation knows that outsiders cannot overstep their responsibilities. "

In response to our reporter's question on the intellectual property protection of the seed industry and the variety examination and approval system, Liu Zhenwei said: seeds are the core competitiveness of agriculture, the current seed law was promulgated and implemented in 2000, and some systems can no longer meet the practical needs. therefore, it is proposed to amend the seed law this time.

Liu Zhenwei said: the revision of the seed Law is mainly to comprehensively standardize the system of scientific research on breeding, the system for the protection of new plant varieties, the system for variety examination and approval, the system for the supervision and control of the seed industry, and legal liability, so as to provide legal protection for the establishment of a modern seed industry system. The draft has now been completed and will be submitted to the standing Committee of the National people's Congress for deliberation as soon as possible.

"the approval system of varieties is like the access system for industrial products before entering the market. This system was implemented in some provinces in the 1960s and at the national level in the 1980s. At present, we have approved more than 21000 varieties of crops and more than 5300 varieties of trees. " Liu Zhenwei said: "after the implementation of the variety approval system, a number of fine varieties with good comprehensive shape and wide adaptability have been promoted. Of course, there are also some problems in the implementation of this system, mainly because the channel is too narrow and there are many varieties that need to be examined and approved. In addition, when we did not have enough to eat in the past, we set the yield standard for varieties, and did not pay enough attention to disease resistance, insect resistance, epidemic resistance and good shape, which was flawed. In the process of examination and approval, there are some places where impartiality is not enough, and these are all problems that need to be solved in this revision. The purpose of this revision is to reduce the flow on the channel. It turns out that the number of major crop varieties that we need to approve is 28, but this time it is reduced to 5. In addition, we have opened a new channel for large seed enterprises, that is, seed enterprises that engage in the integration of breeding and multiplication. The varieties developed by them are allowed to test on their own in accordance with the methods of the state, and the state no longer uniformly organizes the testing. however, enterprises should be responsible for authenticity, if there is a high penalty for fraud, and disqualify them from self-testing. In addition, what if there are serious defects in the popularization and application of the approved varieties? We have established a compulsory exit system. On the whole, the variety examination and approval system is still a reasonable system, which cannot be abolished at this stage. "

On the issue of intellectual property protection in the seed industry, Liu Zhenwei said: "the intellectual property protection of the seed industry in our country started relatively late, but we attach importance to this work, and the results are relatively remarkable, but realistically, the intellectual property protection of the seed industry in our country is relatively small. The main manifestation is that the incentive system of original innovation is not brought into full play, and the result is that there are many people engaged in variety breeding, but we have more varieties of modification and imitation, and more repetitions at low levels. the problem of homogenization of varieties is serious, which is related to the unreasonable design of our system. For example, a person who engages in original innovation takes several years or more years to develop a variety, but others take this variety or breeding material over, make some modifications on individual characters, and report a new variety, so as to promote and apply it openly. This is a fatal blow to the original innovation. Therefore, in the system design this time, we should strengthen the incentive protection of the original innovation, strengthen the protection of the interests of the original breed owners and the ways to obtain the interests, it can be said that on the issue of intellectual property protection of the seed industry, we have taken a step forward. Of course, compared with the international intellectual property protection of the seed industry, there is still a certain distance, but because we started late, we have to take a small step and take a quick step. "