Repair measures of damaged root system of watermelon after planting

Repair measures of damaged root system of watermelon after planting

Watermelon planting in greenhouse in early spring is usually in March, which is mainly caused by low temperature, overcast and rain. If poor management leads to root damage, slow appearance, leaf yellowing, root rot and so on, even dead seedlings appear in serious cases.

After the emergence of dead seedlings, growers can only replenish seedlings continuously in order to improve the utilization rate of greenhouse, reduce the waste of land resources and the impact on income, which will lead to inconsistent growth period and irregular flowering of melon seedlings in the same plot. Increase the management cost of growers and reduce the income of growers. Therefore, it is very important to repair the damaged roots of watermelon seedlings.

Symptoms of root damage

Aboveground symptoms: the growth of the aboveground part of the damaged melon seedlings was stagnant, and there were no new leaves for a long time; at the initial stage of the damage, the edges of the new leaves gradually yellowed, wrinkled and scorched, and then the old leaves began to yellowing and wrinkling, and all the aboveground leaves wilted. In severe cases, it dries up, like element deficiency.

Underground symptoms: root bark color of damaged melon seedlings is yellow, and when serious, it becomes ferruginous rot; slightly damaged plants grow a small amount of thin new roots, but seriously damaged ones have no new roots, and melon seedlings are easy to pull out from the soil; eventually lead to plant death.

II. Causes of occurrence

1. Climatic factors: in the continuous rainy weather during the planting period, the temperature in the greenhouse continued to drop, the ground temperature could not be guaranteed, and the ground temperature remained lower than 12 ℃. Coupled with the high humidity in the continuous rainy greenhouse, the root activity would be greatly affected in the low temperature and high humidity environment, resulting in root damage.

2. Soil factors:

The main results are as follows: (1) soil texture: the water and air permeability of lowland and clayey land is poor, which directly affects the respiration of plant roots, weakening respiration, root damage, less nutrient absorption and poor growth potential.

(2) Diseases and insect pests: the soil was not disinfected before planting, resulting in a large number of pathogenic bacteria remaining in the soil, and the plants in the slow seedling stage were affected by environmental changes, and their growth was weak and easy to be infected by bacteria, so they showed bad phenomena such as root rot; at the same time, underground pests will gnaw on watermelon roots, resulting in root damage, yellowing and death of aboveground parts of plants.

3. Human factors: the bad operation methods, such as heavy action when placing seedlings in holes, excessive force during soil pressing, large soil blocks around the root system, no fine soil attached to the root system, and so on, will lead to excessive mechanical damage of root system, hindrance of root growth and other bad phenomena.

III. Solutions

The main results are as follows: 1. Build the greenhouse ahead of time, raise the temperature in the greenhouse by closing the shed and covering plastic film, so as to stabilize the ground temperature and prevent the ground temperature from being too low.

2. Avoid low-lying land, clayey land and other poorly drained land, select plots with good drainage and shelter from the wind and sun for planting, and at the same time deepen the drainage ditches on both sides of the greenhouse to prevent stagnant water in the rainfall ditches and increase the soil water content in the greenhouse.

3. To disinfect the soil about 30 days before planting, 40% pentachloronitrobenzene can be used for soil disinfection, 1-2kg per mu can be used, fine sandy soil can be sprinkled and turned over, or drip irrigation belt can be laid in advance, sprinkler irrigation in the whole garden can be diluted with water, and the depth of water infiltration can be about 30cm.

4. cover the plastic film about 10 days before planting to ensure the ground temperature. the soil in the shed can be sprayed with carbendazim + insecticide and water before mulching, and the plastic film can be covered for planting after spraying.

It should be handled gently when planting, and should be covered with fine soil after planting, and the root system should be fixed by gently pressing the soil, so as to avoid the damage of root system by external force. After planting, water-soluble fertilizer and rooting agent can be used to mix water, and individual plant irrigation can promote slow seedling and improve transplanting survival rate.

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