Thoughts on developing the purchase Mode of Grain order

After the 18th of the Party, the central economic work and rural work will ensure food security as the primary task of the economy and the work of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers". This paper puts forward a new national food security strategy of "taking ourselves as the priority, based at home, ensuring production capacity, moderate import, and scientific and technological support". At the Central Rural work Conference, General Secretary Xi Jinping systematically expounded new conclusions, new ideas, and new viewpoints on ensuring China's food security from eight aspects: cultivated land protection, reserve regulation, utilization of the market, and saving grain. He stressed that the rice bowls of the Chinese people should be firmly in their own hands at all times. The general secretary of the party attaches great importance to food security and food work, and the deployment requirements are unprecedented. With the development and change of grain production and circulation situation, grain order purchase mode, as a management mode to realize the connection of grain production and marketing, shows more and more importance and necessity.

Thoughts on developing the purchase Mode of Grain order

I. grain order purchase mode is an effective way to promote grain production.

The implementation of order model in grain production and marketing is an effective way to improve the level of grain production and marketing, which is helpful to guide producers to organize grain production according to market demand, promote grain planting structure adjustment, develop high quality grain suitable for market demand, implement high quality and high price, and increase the income of grain farmers. It is conducive to cultivating stable commercial grain bases, giving full play to the role of state-owned grain purchasing and marketing enterprises as the main channel and leading enterprises in grain industrialization, enhancing the market competitiveness of grain enterprises, and promoting the convergence of grain production and market. to achieve the basic balance between the total amount and structure of grain supply and demand plays a positive role in ensuring national food security. In order to further speed up the development of modern agriculture in our city, promote the adjustment of the internal structure of grain, and improve the level of intensification, standardization and industrialization of the grain industry, the grain and agricultural departments of our city jointly develop the grain production and marketing order model and clarify their responsibilities. give full play to their respective advantages in grain pre-production, production and post-natal, and coordinate to promote grain orders in grain production and marketing.

Second, several factors that affect the development of grain order purchase mode.

In the exploration and attempt of the grain order purchase mode in the past few years, it is generally felt that the grain order is "difficult" to operate, and the main reasons are as follows:

(1) the main body of the acquisition is diversified, and the food and agriculture industry is indifferent to the grain order.

With the marketization of grain purchase and sale, various social subjects participate in grain purchase, and the competition in the grain market is becoming increasingly fierce, which also provides more choices for farmers to sell grain. Grain brokers and individual grain sellers have the flexibility to collect and sell now, and the requirements for grain quality, especially water, are generally not too high. At present, the form of grain sold by food and agriculture is also undergoing great changes. It is sold directly to grain brokers without insolation, irregularity, or dragging home after harvest. There are "buyers" of all kinds of grain in the market, which strengthens the mentality that "if food is grain, there is no one to need it." and there are clear requirements for grain quality in grain orders, so that most food and farmers are indifferent to grain orders.

(2) the market trend is difficult to predict and the order price is difficult to determine.

Market economy is a risk economy, especially in a period when market prices fluctuate greatly, and reasonable pricing cannot be made. If prices are set high, enterprises are bound to lose money and may even go bankrupt; when prices are set low, food and agriculture will obviously suffer losses in the performance of the contract, and food and agriculture will not do it either. Food and Agriculture breached the contract, which made the order a piece of paper. In order to avoid the risk, the purchase price of grain order is mostly uncertain, and the purchase price in the market in turn makes it difficult to determine the performance rate of the order, and the risk of the purchase price of the order relatively restricts the development of the purchase of grain order.

(3) the purchase order is not closely linked, and it is difficult to claim for breach of contract.

At present, the state-owned grain purchasing and marketing enterprises and the leading grain industrialization enterprises still have a simple buying and selling relationship in the process of order purchase. Individual leading grain industrialization enterprises have also implemented grain base orders, which are affected by the uneven quality of food and agriculture, and the investment is large, and the effect is not ideal. Although the purchase at protective price has been implemented, the mechanism of benefit-sharing and risk-sharing has not been formed between enterprises and food and agriculture, and grain orders appear to be relatively loose. Both enterprises and Food and Agriculture have a win-win-win mentality and are unwilling to specify the terms of the grain order contract so that they can be exempted from liability in case of breach of contract.

(4) the order deposit is insufficient and the benefits of agriculture and agriculture are difficult to taste.

Most of the funds for grain purchase by state-owned grain purchasing and marketing enterprises rely on loans from the Agricultural Development Bank, and their own purchase funds are very small, and grain orders have to pay part of the deposit to farmers in advance, increasing the purchase cost of enterprises. it is difficult to get a deposit on grain orders. When grain is purchased, the price of grain sold in the early stage is generally low, but with the grain price rising gradually in the later stage, the grain order farmers suffer losses because the grain price is first low and then high, while the farmers who do not sign the order do not like restraint and appear to be free and initiative. often can be sold to a good price, resulting in a lack of enthusiasm for food and agriculture contracts.