Homestead should not be listed for sale

At the two sessions this year, how on earth should homestead be reformed, and whether it should be rolled out in an all-round way? The representatives of the committee made a lot of talk and swords.

Cai Jiming, deputy to the National people's Congress and director of the political economy Research Center of Tsinghua University, believes that the pace of land reform in China is too small, and homestead should be allowed to enter the market.

Cai Jiming: "the farmers' homestead is collective ownership, and his circulation is the transfer of the right to use it. No matter it is transferred within the collective ownership or outside the collective ownership, it does not harm the interests of farmers." there is no problem of occupying cultivated land. He is already construction land. I don't think it's strong enough. "

Zheng Jianmin, member of the National Committee of the Chinese people's political Consultative Conference and vice chairman of the Fuzhou Municipal Committee of the Chinese people's political Consultative Conference, takes a relatively conservative attitude towards homestead reform. He believes that we should try it first and explore enough experience before spreading it out.

Zheng Jianmin: "my guiding ideology is that we should always be safe in carrying out this work and constantly improve our relevant regulations on the basis of the pilot project before we can carry out it on the face of the earth."

In fact, the debate about homestead reform has existed for a long time, which is divided into two factions. One school advocates that homestead should enter the market as soon as possible like agricultural land. The reason is that if the homestead cannot enter the market, with the accelerated pace of urbanization, the phenomenon of vacant homestead will be aggravated, resulting in a great waste of resources. The other side opposes homestead entry into the market. The reason is that if farmers can no longer stay in the city, they still have a house to live in when they return to their hometown.

On the homestead reform, what kind of attitude should be held? Chen Xiwen, member of the CPPCC National Committee and director of the Office of the Central Rural work leading Group, made a special explanation on this. He pointed out that in order to talk about reform, we must first make it clear that homestead is first of all the membership right of collective economic organizations.

Chen Xiwen: "the most basic institutional characteristics of homestead have two points: first, you must be a member of this system before you can apply for homestead in this system. For example, we are both urbanites. How can he give you homestead when you are in the countryside?" What kind of homestead do people from the next village want in our village? If you want a homestead, you have to go back to your village, right? This is the most basic. The right to obtain homestead is the right of members of a collective economic organization. Non-members, in my opinion, can solve the problem of housing in other ways. There is commercial housing in the city. Why is it within the scope of the collective? this is one of the core of the whole system. "

Second, Chen Xiwen believes that the homestead system is essentially an indemnificatory housing system.

Chen Xiwen: "Farmers' homestead and farmers' housing are indemnificatory housing. Do they enter the market?" How to enter the market? It's a big deal. Because there is also affordable housing in your city. Commercial housing you have obtained the complete property rights, how you buy and sell, how to transfer, this is your business. But can all the affordable housing in the city enter the market? "

If the homestead is the indemnificatory housing for farmers, what will happen after entering the market? Chen Xiwen gives an example of affordable housing in the city: on the edge of the fourth Ring Road in Beijing, there are 1800 houses in a mixed community, of which 600 are indemnificatory apartment. In the same community, the self-purchasing indemnificatory apartment is 8900 yuan per square meter, while the remaining commercial housing starts at 40, 000 yuan. Chen Xiwen believes that if both kinds of houses can enter the market, the market will be in chaos.

Chen Xiwen: "if we can go public later, I am not losing money." If the homestead is in line with the norms of the legal system of commercial housing, how to sell it. If not, consider the consequences of entering the market. "

This year's government work report proposes to prudently carry out pilot reforms such as rural land expropriation, collective construction land entry into the market, homestead system, and collective property rights system. How should the homestead system be reformed? Chen Xiwen stressed that the reform of the homestead system actually has two meanings: first, after urbanization, farmers lose their homestead, and how to guarantee housing. Second, not within the scope of urbanization, how to ensure that farmers' rights and interests of homestead will not be infringed upon.

Chen Xiwen: "the first meaning is that around cities and towns. If, after urbanization, farmers' land has farmland, construction land and homestead land, then they will become urban construction land. How can the rights and interests of farmers be protected?" At the very least, I have to let you live better than before. Realize the usufruct of homestead, which is a kind of. What we want to discuss now is that it has nothing to do with urbanization. Who wants to buy it? People in this village basically don't want to buy it, and those who want to buy it are all city people. "

Chen Xiwen pointed out that if city dwellers want to buy a house farther away in the countryside, it is at least the second spare and suitable house. This not only violates the law of urbanization, but also cannot be supported by national resources.

Chen Xiwen: "the law of urbanization is that farmers gradually go to the city, and gradually some villages are abandoned, and after they are abandoned, they return to farmland, so the process of urbanization should be that fewer and fewer people live in rural areas." the scale of land planted by farmers can become larger and larger and agriculture can be modernized. Now that people from the countryside go to the city, urban people have nothing to do and go to the countryside for holidays and leisure during the Spring Festival. This country's resources cannot be supported. "

Committee member Chen Xiwen's view is very clear, does not support the listing and sale of homestead, and hopes that with the gradual urbanization, homestead will gradually return to arable land, rather than become a villa for city dwellers. However, Chen Xiwen also noted that there are indeed some problems in the homestead system, although the existing homestead rights and interests in the hands of farmers will continue to be protected, but the next step of farmers' housing security may no longer take the form of homestead.

Chen Xiwen: "first, in the construction of urbanization, the villages have been merged into the cities, and the farmers' original houses have been lost." in the process of urbanization, we have the responsibility and obligation to provide better living conditions for farmers. Second, the current homestead system is already difficult to sustain, and it is necessary to study a new system, but this system must ensure that farmers continue to have housing, but it is not necessarily a towering household, it can also be an apartment building, which does not affect production. This time, it is obvious that the usufruct of the homestead that has been allocated should be guaranteed, but if we have to apply in the future, it will not necessarily be given to the homestead. "

The homestead system has very "Chinese characteristics". It was formed in the period of the people's commune and has a history of 60 years. At present, the law of our country still clearly stipulates that the ownership of homestead land belongs to the collective, and farmers only have the right to use it, so it is illegal to sell homestead.

Over the past 60 years, with the expansion of cities and the development of urbanization, farmers' homestead has become a cake of huge interests, coveted by all parties. As member Chen Xiwen said, homestead should not be listed for sale, which is not only a requirement of the law, but also a compliance with economic laws. However, in the future, homestead is bound to face reform, no matter how the reform, farmers' housing, rural development should first be protected, such a reform can have vitality.