Why is it difficult to popularize silage corn varieties leading the world?

The No. 1 document of the CPC Central Committee this year pointed out that it is necessary to speed up the development of grass and animal husbandry, support the cultivation of forage such as silage corn and alfalfa, carry out pilot projects of grain conversion to feeding and planting and breeding, and promote the coordinated development of the ternary planting structure of grain, cash crops and forage.

Silage corn, conversion of grain to feed, and combination of planting and breeding-some policy-sensitive corn seed enterprises have keenly noticed the keywords in document No. 1.

At present, most of the corn in China only harvests grains, and the straw is crushed directly into the soil. In fact, about 75% of corn as grain ends up as feed. If a part of ordinary corn can be changed into silage corn, straw and ears can be harvested together, and silage can be used as high-quality feed for cattle, sheep and deer, which can not only improve the nutritional quality of animal food, but also improve the quality of milk and meat. Animal manure can also be used as organic fertilizer after maturity.

In fact, the breeding level of silage maize varieties in China has reached the international advanced level, and the quality and biological yield are higher than those of developed countries. The bottleneck of industrial development lies in variety extension. Corn seed enterprises should actively explore the extension model of silage corn, and farmers should also change their understanding and concept of silage corn.

High-quality silage corn can provide rich nutrients for cattle, not only to solve the problem of food and clothing of cattle.

The reporter's investigation also found that silage corn is called "grass corn" in some places, and farmers think that only planting grain corn is called planting crops, and it is a waste to take good land to "recommend" it, and only land that cannot grow grain can grow silage corn, which is generally extensive in management and can not give full play to the normal yield level of silage corn.

"under the influence of the traditional agricultural thought of taking grain as the key link and having no grain instability, growers do not have a high degree of awareness and enthusiasm for silage corn." Ding Guangjiang, chairman of Henan Dajingjiu Industry Co., Ltd., said.

The reporter's investigation also found that silage corn is called "grass corn" in some places, and farmers think that only planting grain corn is called planting crops, and it is a waste to take good land to "recommend" it, and only land that cannot grow grain can grow silage corn, which is generally extensive in management and can not give full play to the normal yield level of silage corn.

Many people think that silage corn is harvested with stalks and ears when corn is not yet ripe. Pan Jinbao, a professor at the School of Plant Science and Technology of Beijing Agricultural University, said: "silage corn is different from ordinary corn and green-fed corn."

"the most important indicator of common corn is yield, while the quality index of silage corn is as important as the biological yield index." Pan Jinbao said. Compared with common corn, in addition to the well-known harvest time and harvest position, silage corn has larger ear and higher grain yield in terms of yield, with fresh weight of more than 10, 000 jin and dry weight of more than 2600 jin per mu of straw and ear.

If the food quality is high, the intake is high, and the sales rate is high. Ding Kuang province vividly likens: "if cows want to produce good milk, they should not only eat well, but also eat well. High-quality silage corn can provide cattle with rich nutrients, not just to solve the problem of food and clothing."

As early as in 2010, China issued the national standard of silage corn quality classification, which was mainly aimed at the animal husbandry and feed industry at that time, and seed enterprises had insufficient understanding of this standard.

In August 2014, the main crop Variety approval Standard was issued by the National crop Variety approval Committee. The national examination standard clearly listed the silage corn quality approval indicators: "the whole plant neutral detergent fiber content ≤ 55%, acid detergent fiber content ≤ 29%, crude protein content ≥ 7%, starch content ≥ 15%."

What is the concept of "neutral detergent fiber content" and "acid detergent fiber content"? Pan Jinbao explained: "starch content and neutral detergent fiber content are the most important indicators to evaluate silage corn. Neutral and acid detergent fiber content is the index that can be used by animals. The lower the neutral detergent fiber content, the higher the proportion of cellulose available to animals. Acid detergent fiber is difficult to be digested by animals, and the content of acid detergent fiber is required to determine the upper limit of refractory cellulose content in silage corn. "

What is the key difference between silage corn and silage corn? Pan Jinbao said: "silage corn emphasizes higher grain yield and high energy, while silage corn emphasizes straw yield. The quality of silage corn is significantly better than that of feed corn."