How to realize the whole mechanization of crops in our country? Agricultural machinery cooperatives such as

Recently, at the "Director's Chamber" of the director class of agricultural machinery director in rotation training of major crops in major agriculture, animal husbandry and fishery counties across the country, participants agreed that under the current situation of inverted prices of agricultural products at home and abroad, the massive transfer of rural labor to cities, and the decline in the quality of cultivated land, it is necessary to speed up the realization of the whole process mechanization of major crops in our country.

How to improve the subsidy policy for the purchase of agricultural machinery?

"without the subsidy policy for the purchase of agricultural machinery, there would be no current level of agricultural mechanization in China, but this policy still needs to be improved. The newly formulated machine purchase subsidy policy should be introduced before the peak of farmers' machine purchase, and it is more appropriate in February. Every year, 10% to 15% of the total amount of machine purchase subsidy funds will be used for the construction of agricultural mechanization infrastructure and operation subsidies for key links of major crop mechanization. " Zhou Shengli, director of the agricultural mechanization service center in Xiushan County, Chongqing, suggested. "targeted and differentiated subsidies should be carried out according to the reality of agricultural development in various regions, such as the supporting machines and tools for potato mechanization in Inner Mongolia." Xing Jiangfeng, deputy director of the Agricultural Machinery Bureau of Chaguqian Banner, Inner Mongolia, added.

Li Sheshan, director of the agricultural machinery promotion station in Liangzhou District, Wuwei City, Gansu Province, believes that the policy direction can be changed from purchase subsidies to discount loans to further stimulate market vitality. "this year, Fujian took the lead in the market-oriented reform of subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery throughout the country, cancelled the pre-examination and approval links such as the popularization and appraisal of subsidized products and entering the catalogue of agricultural machinery products that supported popularization, and implemented a registration system for subsidized agricultural machinery products." Xu Zhijian, deputy director of agricultural machinery management station in Pucheng County, Fujian Province, introduced it. This is an ice-breaking move to eliminate the problem of false high prices of agricultural machinery caused by the subsidy policy for purchasing machinery by means of the market.

How to manage land on a large scale and scientifically?

"the whole process of mechanization is inseparable from the scale of the land. However, at present, the cost of land transfer is too high, with an asking price of 1200 yuan per mu of land, which is difficult for general agricultural machinery cooperatives or large grain growers to bear, which is a key constraint to the whole process of mechanization. We should encourage farmers to buy shares in land, which can not only reduce land rent, but also protect farmers' own interests and improve their enthusiasm. " Qiu Chengwen, head of Agricultural Machinery Management Section of Agricultural Machinery Bureau of Guanghan City, Sichuan Province, said.

What is the appropriate scale of land transfer? Deng Yuzheng, director of the Agricultural Machinery Bureau of Hengyang County, Hunan Province, believes: "first of all, from the point of view of giving full play to mechanical efficiency, 300 mu is the most suitable, and this scale can maximize the effectiveness of a large tractor, a rice transplanter, and a harvester."

"our city began to promote deep ploughing and deep loosening in 2011, and it is said that this technology can save water and increase production, but no one specifically calculates how much deep ploughing and deep loosening can increase production, so farmers do not recognize it. However, in the three consecutive years of drought from 2012 to 2014, the yield-increasing effect of the land with deep ploughing and deep loosening is obvious. This year, more than 100 people signed up for subsoiling machines at the Agricultural Machinery Bureau, so it is very important to promote scientific farming techniques such as deep ploughing and subsoiling, and it is very important to give practical examples to the common people and cannot be enforced. " Nie Zhaoyi, deputy director of the Agricultural Machinery Bureau of Pingqiao District, Xinyang City, Henan Province, said.

How to develop agricultural machinery cooperatives?

"Agricultural machinery cooperatives invest a lot of money, and their machinery and tools serve grain production, which can effectively avoid the problem of non-grain in large-scale land management, and the state should support the development of agricultural machinery cooperatives from the height of top-level design." Zheng Hongyao, director of the Agricultural Machinery Bureau of Wuyang County, Henan Province, said.

Wang Zhonglin, director of the Heilongjiang Provincial Agricultural Committee, who gave a keynote report at the training course, introduced the modern agricultural machinery professional cooperative in Keshan County. "the cooperative has explored the model of 'taking land as the core, modern agricultural machinery as the carrier and production cooperation as the link'. The democratic rights of members are fully protected by insisting on the main distribution of land for joining the society, the equal distribution of the income from state investment to members, the inclusion of cooperative provident fund in individual accounts to clarify property, and the one-person-one-vote voting system. This has solved not only the problems of agriculture but also the problems of farmers, interests and democracy. " Renfa cooperative has pointed out a way for the development and growth of agricultural machinery cooperative.

As the land, housing, equipment and other assets owned by agricultural machinery cooperatives cannot be set as collateral, the difficulty of financing has become a major problem affecting the development of agricultural machinery cooperatives. The Modern Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. in our district has solved this problem by providing loan guarantees to subordinate agricultural machinery cooperatives in the name of the company. " Jiang Shengbin, agricultural commissioner of Dazu District of Chongqing, said.

In the whole process of crop mechanization in China, agricultural machinery cooperatives, as the main body, should make full use of the machinery in all aspects of modern agricultural production to manage the land on a large scale and scientifically. However, the whole mechanization of crops is a systematic project, which involves many aspects, such as the construction of mechanized tillage roads and the selection of improved varieties, which requires simultaneous follow-up of supporting measures to speed up the realization of full mechanization of crops, so as to realize the modernization of agriculture in our country.