Spring ploughing busy in China--scanning of current national spring agricultural production

As of March 30, 68.24 million mu of early rice seedlings had been raised nationwide, with a completion of 78.4%. Among them, the raising of early rice seedlings in South China has been basically completed, and 27.1% have been planted. According to the agricultural situation regulation of the Ministry of Agriculture, it is estimated that the intended planting area of early rice this year is more than 87 million mu, an increase of more than 300,000 mu over the previous year, and the overall situation of early rice production is good.

After a winter's silence, the fields are "alive". Farmers are everywhere in the fields, and the "iron oxen" are busy sowing, fertilizing and ploughing. At present, spring ploughing production is gradually carried out from south to north, farmers aim at market demand, optimize and adjust planting structure; agriculture-related departments strengthen agronomic services and prepare agricultural materials; dry farming, water-saving agriculture, agronomic integration, agricultural transformation starts from spring ploughing. The fields of China are showing a vibrant picture of spring ploughing.

The seedling condition of summer grain is good.

Summer grain is the first season of the whole year, with winter wheat accounting for 90% of summer grain. At present, most of the Jianghuai winter wheat is in the jointing stage, and the Huang-Huai-Hai winter wheat is in the budding stage. Liu Jun, a villager of Liuying Village, Liuying Township, Yongnian County, Hebei Province, used chemical fertilizer deep application machine to fertilize wheat for the first time. He said, "this year, the wheat moisture is good, and the population is strong. The deep application of the machine not only saves labor, but also sows evenly. "

Henan is the largest province of summer grain in China. Over the past few days, Guo Tiancai, a professor and wheat expert at Henan Agricultural University, has been traveling to the main producing counties in the province. The results of the survey cheered him up. The proportion of first-and second-class seedlings in the province reached 93 percent, an increase of 4.4 percentage points over the previous year. The agricultural situation dispatching report of the Agricultural Department of Henan Province shows that, on the whole, the seedling situation in various parts of the province is balanced, the group is suitable, and the individual quality is obviously better than that of the previous year.

"Dryland wheat grows better than all the year round. The seedling situation in Huaibei area along Huaihe River is obviously better than that in Jianghuai area. Jiangsu dry stubble wheat is mostly suitable for sowing, and the seedling condition is better than that of rice stubble wheat. " Zeng Yande, director of the planting Department of the Ministry of Agriculture, said that the current growth of seedlings is a relatively good year in recent years. In particular, the situation of wheat seedlings in Henan and Shandong provinces, which account for more than 40% of the country's wheat area, is obviously better than that of the previous year.

According to the analysis of the wheat expert group of the Ministry of Agriculture, wheat has a long growth period and strong self-regulation ability, even if it encounters unfavorable factors at one stage, it is also possible to make up for it through other stages. In this regard, the Ministry of Agriculture has launched a bumper harvest campaign for disease prevention and pest control in spring, vigorously promoting green prevention and control, and striving to control the loss rate of diseases and insect pests of wheat and other summer grain crops within 5%.

Agricultural materials for spring sowing are well prepared.

This year, we will reduce cotton and expand grain in the cotton areas of the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, reduce sugar and expand grain in South China, reduce oil and expand wheat in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and develop winter fallow fields in the south to expand the planting of potatoes. It is expected that the national grain planting intention will increase slightly in a steady state.

Unlike the rising prices of agricultural materials in previous years, the good news this year is that the amount of agricultural materials for spring ploughing is stable. According to the monitoring of 300 price outlets and counties across the country, the domestic potassium chloride market during the spring ploughing period averaged 3103 yuan per ton, 2.9 percent lower than the same period last year. Domestic compound fertilizer is 2.2% lower than the same period last year, and urea is 8.2% lower than the same period last year. There is an adequate supply of seeds for spring ploughing. It is estimated that the demand for hybrid corn seeds this year will be 2.4 billion jin, and the available seed supply will be 4 billion jin. Hybrid rice needs 490 million jin and can supply 700 million jin of seeds.

The progress of spring ploughing and spring sowing in various places is relatively smooth this year, but the meteorological department predicts that this year's climate in China will be moderately deviated, with spring waterlogging in the east of Northeast China, spring drought in the west, and continuous rain in the Yangtze River basin. it brings difficulties to spring ploughing, land preparation and sowing at the right time.

Li Shirun, deputy inspector of the Heilongjiang Provincial Committee of Agriculture, said: at present, more than 15 million mu of farmland in the traditional arid area of western Heilongjiang has been affected by drought, and more than 45 million mu of cultivated land in the eastern Sanjiang Plain has been flooded, bringing great challenges to spring sowing. In this regard, the province has drilled 5000 new drought-resistant water source wells, added 300 small-scale drought-resistant water source projects, and maintained 20, 000 sets of drought-resistant equipment.

Speed up the transformation of agriculture

The reporter learned that this spring, agricultural production has taken new measures in developing dry farming, water-saving agriculture, and agronomic integration of agricultural machinery, and many new main bodies attach importance to the economical use of resources and improve the efficiency of agricultural output, and there are signs of a change in the mode of development of agricultural production.

According to the requirements of the national pilot project for comprehensive treatment of groundwater overexploitation, Hebei has implemented seasonal fallow in groundwater overexploitation areas, and plans to reduce winter wheat by 850000 mu. Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province is a major granary in the northwest dry farming area. Zhang Jingjing, vice president of the Shaanxi Xianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, which undertakes the research project of the national wheat industrial technology system, said that with the adoption of deep pine no-tillage sowing technology, wheat yield in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province can be increased by more than 10%.

In the case of urgent farming time and labor shortage in spring ploughing, agricultural machinery has played a major role. This year, the agricultural machinery department organized agricultural machinery personnel to enter the village in advance to guide the maintenance, commissioning and overhaul of agricultural machinery. Li Weiguo, director of the Agricultural Mechanization Department of the Ministry of Agriculture, said: this year, we will strengthen the training of agricultural machinery operators and strive to solve the problems of non-standard operation and substandard operation.