Ensuring the sustainable use of black land to ensure China's food security

In May 2014, the Human Resources and Environmental Committee of the CPPCC National Committee formed a special research group to conduct field research on black land protection in Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces. The research group believes that it is urgent to protect China's precious black land, and effective measures must be taken to ensure the sustainable use of black land and provide strong support for China's food security. Recommendations:

First, strengthen the legislative protection of black soil resources. It is suggested that the National people's Congress and the State Council should promulgate and promulgate the Law on strengthening the Protection of Black Land Resources and the regulations on the Protection of Black Land as soon as possible, and the competent departments should formulate supporting and implement special regulations. We should attach equal importance to quantity and quality, strictly delimit permanent basic farmland, strictly implement special protection, and tighten the "fence" for the protection of cultivated land.

Second, strengthen the coordination of planning and the overall planning of policies. Relevant ministries and commissions of the State Council and local governments should earnestly strengthen the coordination and guidance of various plans and step up the implementation of the black land protection and management project. We will clearly define the scope of responsibility of the central and local governments and effectively reduce the burden of supporting funds at the local level.

Third, establish a long-term mechanism for the protection of black land resources. The protection of black soil arable land should be included in the comprehensive rural reform determined by the third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, and a number of counties (cities) should be selected to carry out pilot projects in black land areas. to explore the separation of the "three rights" (ownership, contract and management rights) of land. Let the market play a decisive role in promoting the large-scale and intensive management of black soil cultivated land.

Fourth, implement the conservation tillage system in an all-round way. Drawing lessons from the international advanced experience, the relevant departments have implemented technical measures such as no-tillage sowing and deep loosening land preparation according to local conditions. Encourage and guide farmers to implement the conservation tillage system in an all-round way. Increase subsidies for agricultural products and agricultural machinery and improve relevant policies.

Fifth, substantially increase the investment in capital construction of farmland on black land. The departments of development and reform, finance, land, agriculture, water conservancy and forestry give priority to strengthening the infrastructure and shelterbelt construction of black land farmland. Increase and scientifically arrange investment in the control of soil and water loss. Explore the establishment of scientific black soil cultivated land protection ecological compensation and black soil cultivated land protection fund.

Sixth, comprehensively promote the measures of soil stripping and reuse in the tillage layer occupied by construction. From the level of policies and regulations, the relevant state departments have accelerated the establishment of a soil stripping system in the black soil tillage layer. We should add relevant regulations to the examination and approval of land, project budget and project acceptance, strictly implement the balance between occupation and compensation, clarify the requirements of quantity and quality in reclamation, and implement the compensation system for who develops.