Release of five special plans for the development of agricultural mechanization during the 12th five-year Plan

Following the release of the 12th five-year Plan for the Development of Agricultural Mechanization, on September 28, the Ministry of Agriculture issued five special plans, including the Twelfth five-year Plan for the Development of Agricultural Mechanization Science and Technology and the Twelfth five-year Plan for National Agricultural Mechanization Education and training. These five special development plans respectively take agricultural mechanization science and technology, agricultural mechanization education and training, agricultural mechanization technology popularization, agricultural machinery test appraisal and facility agriculture as objects, and summarize the main achievements in the development of the "Eleventh five-year Plan". This paper analyzes the new situation, new tasks and new requirements faced by the development, defines the guiding ideology, objectives and key tasks of the development in the next five years, and puts forward the safeguard measures for implementation. The five special plans link up with the 12th five-year Plan for the development of agricultural mechanization, enrich and refine the contents of the 12th five-year Plan, and further enhance the pertinence and guidance of the Twelfth five-year Plan for the development of agricultural mechanization.

In the next five years, the development of agricultural mechanization science and technology should focus on the common technology of main crop mechanization.

The 12th five-year Plan for the Development of Agricultural Mechanization Science and Technology points out that the guiding ideology for the development of agricultural mechanization science and technology in the next five years is to adhere to the overall requirements of "independent innovation, accelerated transformation, industrial upgrading and all-round development". Adhere to the combination of basic theoretical research, applied basic research and applied research, original innovation and integrated innovation, introduction, digestion, absorption and re-innovation, and the combination of agricultural machinery and agronomy. With the combination of industry, university and research, we should strive to improve the scientific and technological guarantee conditions of agricultural mechanization, enhance the level of scientific and technological innovation and the ability of technological transformation, and provide scientific and technological support for the sound and rapid development of agricultural mechanization. It is necessary to take the significant improvement of the effective supply capacity of agricultural mechanization technology, the gradual improvement of scientific research conditions of agricultural mechanization, the continuous improvement of the innovation mechanism of agricultural machinery agronomy integration and the close combination of industry, university and research, and the continuous improvement of the quality of agricultural mechanization science and technology. around the common technologies that restrict different regions and different crop mechanization Focus on mechanized tillage, planting, field management, harvesting and comprehensive utilization of agricultural resources, as well as agricultural machinery identification and detection technology. Break through the key technologies of mechanization of major crops, improve the technical system of mechanized production; speed up the research on equipment and technology for facility horticulture, facility breeding, fishery and the primary processing of agricultural products; speed up the research on agricultural mechanization technology of forage grass and hilly and mountainous areas; strengthen the soft science research of agricultural mechanization. It is necessary to strengthen organizational leadership, improve the innovation system, strengthen policy support, ensure financial input, strengthen joint cooperation, improve innovation mechanisms, implement key projects, enhance innovation capabilities, and strengthen international cooperation. deepening technological exchanges and other aspects to provide guarantee for the development of agricultural mechanization science and technology.

In the next five years, agricultural mechanization education and training should focus on quality improvement and innovative ability construction.

Adhere to the policy of "service development, talent priority, use-oriented, innovative mechanism, high-end leadership, and overall development", focus on the construction of agricultural mechanization management personnel, scientific and technological personnel and practical talents, and innovate the content of education and training. improve education and training methods, integrate education and training resources, optimize education and training teams, and improve the quality of education and training. During the 12th five-year Plan period, it is planned to train more than 5.5 million people of agricultural mechanization management, science and technology and practical personnel every year, of which the management team will train more than 200000 person-times every year; the scientific and technological personnel team will be more than 800000 person-time; and the practical personnel team will be more than 4.5 million person-time. The training of agricultural mechanization management cadres should be strengthened with the goal of improving the ability of policy implementation, the training of scientific and technological personnel of agricultural mechanization should be accelerated with the goal of improving the ability of technical support, and the training effect of practical personnel of agricultural machinery should be enhanced with the goal of improving the ability of operation and service. strengthen the construction of infrastructure and teachers with the goal of improving the ability of education and training With the goal of improving practical skills, speed up the development of vocational skills of agricultural mechanization. We should continue to implement agricultural mechanization education and training, increase support for agricultural mechanization education and training, improve the management system of agricultural mechanization education and training, and create a good atmosphere for agricultural mechanization education and training.

In the next five years, the popularization of agricultural mechanization technology should speed up the test, demonstration, popularization and application of new technologies.

It is necessary to focus on the promotion of mechanized technologies that increase production and efficiency, save resources, and be environment-friendly, strengthen system construction, innovate promotion mechanisms, enhance service capacity, and strive to achieve breakthroughs in mechanization of weak links. The overall goal is to comprehensively improve the technological innovation, technology integration and extension service capabilities of agricultural mechanization, so as to provide technical support for the comprehensive mechanization level of major crops exceeding 60%. During the 12th five-year Plan period, we should focus on popularizing the production mechanization technology of major grain crops, the key technology of mechanization of cash crops, resource conservation and environment-friendly mechanization technology, animal husbandry and aquaculture mechanization technology, facility agricultural engineering technology, hilly and mountainous agricultural mechanization technology and so on. Through the establishment of a diversified input mechanism, agricultural machinery enterprises, agricultural production and operation organizations, and farmers should be encouraged to increase investment in the popularization of new technologies of agricultural mechanization; to strengthen the demonstration and establishment of agricultural mechanization technology popularization projects, and to plan projects scientifically, increase the project reserve. We will strengthen the construction of demonstration areas for agricultural mechanization, give priority to full-process mechanized production, strengthen the integration of advanced agricultural mechanization and agronomic technology, and speed up the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. We will improve the cooperation mechanism of agricultural machinery research, teaching, promotion and production units, and further promote the integration of industry, university and research. Strengthen the cooperation of agricultural machinery, agronomy and other departments to promote the integration of agricultural machinery agronomy, mechanization and information, mechanization and modern agricultural production and management.

In the next five years, the test and appraisal of agricultural machinery should vigorously improve the identification ability, public service ability and standardization level.

The overall goal is to form a national agricultural machinery test and appraisal system with "complete functions, reasonable layout, advanced technology, outstanding characteristics and standardized management" by 2015, and the agricultural machinery test and appraisal system with Chinese characteristics will be more perfect. Agricultural machinery test and appraisal work is more coordinated with the development of agricultural mechanization, technical support is more powerful, and the role of serving "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" is more prominent. New breakthroughs have been made in the test and appraisal capability of agricultural machinery nationwide, and the scope of ministerial identification capacity has been further increased by 50%. The provincial and provincial level identification capacity covers 14 categories and 57 kinds of agricultural machinery; the test and appraisal system has been further improved, and the procedures have been further standardized. the management is more scientific; the consciousness of test and appraisal personnel in accordance with the law has been significantly strengthened, and the rate of holding certificates has reached 100%. The technical norms and standards for the test and appraisal of agricultural machinery are sound, and the characteristics are more prominent; new breakthroughs have been made in the study of basic theories and methods such as the advanced nature, applicability, safety and reliability evaluation of agricultural machinery products, and the scientific and technological content of agricultural machinery test and identification technology has been significantly improved. Focus on strengthening the laboratory construction of large tractors with more than 100 horsepower, 50-70 horsepower energy-saving and environment-friendly paddy field tractors, high-gap tractors, high-performance grain combine, corn harvester, sugarcane harvester, rape harvester, cotton harvester and large and medium-sized supporting machines. Rational planning, integration of resources, focus, level-by-level identification capacity building at the provincial and ministerial levels. We will further increase investment in capital construction and financial support, and strengthen the construction of infrastructure, instruments and equipment, and test and appraisal bases. Further expand and deepen international exchanges and cooperation in agricultural machinery test and appraisal, and improve the international influence of agricultural machinery test and appraisal in China.

In the next five years, the development of facility agriculture in China should take accelerating the transformation of development mode as the main line.

Since the reform and opening up, the development of facility agriculture in China has made great progress, and the level of technology and equipment has been continuously improved. In 2010, the area of horticultural facilities in China exceeded 3.5 million hectares; the proportion of large-scale breeding of pigs, laying hens, broilers, dairy cows and beef cattle reached 64.5%, 78.8%, 85.7%, 46.5% and 41.6%, respectively. In 2010, the total output of protected vegetables exceeded 170 million tons, accounting for 25% of the total vegetable output. The output of pork and milk in large-scale farms reached 32.709 million tons and 16.626 million tons respectively. The output of aquatic products in facilities reached 7.8 million tons, accounting for about 15% of the total output of aquatic products. In the next five years, China should actively promote the scientific and technological innovation of facility agriculture and improve its equipment level, comprehensive production capacity, anti-risk ability and market competitiveness. Promote the steady growth of the scale of facilities and significantly improve the level of equipment. The level of cultivation, irrigation, plant protection and other operation machinery and equipment for greenhouse intelligent environmental control equipment in facility horticulture production has been continuously improved, the production environment has been significantly improved, and the labor intensity has been effectively reduced; the level of complete sets of livestock and poultry standardized scale breeding technology and equipment has been continuously improved, the proportion of engineering epidemic prevention facilities and equipment has been increased by more than 20%, and the proportion of harmless treatment of wastes from livestock and poultry farms on a standardized scale has reached 100%. For this reason, we should pay attention to the research and development of new technology and equipment, and improve the technical level of facility horticulture, facility animal husbandry and facility aquatic products. By bringing facility agricultural equipment into the scope of subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery, we will conscientiously implement the relevant investment guarantee policies for facility agriculture, and form a relatively stable government investment mechanism. Fully mobilize the enthusiasm of enterprises and farmers to invest in and develop facility agriculture, and form a multi-channel, diversified, multi-level investment pattern and guarantee mechanism.