Encourage the transfer of land to agricultural machinery cooperatives

In recent years, the central government has given more and more support to agriculture, and some people assert that "agriculture is the biggest gold mine in China in the next 30 years." Under the policy background of land circulation and moderate scale operation of agriculture, there are more and more "capital going to the countryside". This is undoubtedly a good thing for the rural areas, which are lack of capital input for a long time.

At present, in some areas, there are people who unilaterally break the contract or even run away, and it is difficult to realize the land rent. The returned land either disappeared, or motor wells, pipelines were seriously damaged, and even missed the phenomenon of cultivated land abandoned during farming. Because among the "bosses" who go to the countryside to cultivate land, some are based on a simple agricultural complex, some see the strong state support for agriculture, and some think that it is easier to do agriculture than other industries. it is not ruled out that some individual capital enters agriculture for the purpose of obtaining state subsidies, or even for the purpose of "encircling land" or non-agriculturalization. Due to the lack of in-depth understanding of the basic attributes of agriculture, the complexity, long-term nature and risk of agricultural investment, resulting in the blind investment of rural capital, which makes the land rent rise again and again, but the farmers who really want to be in the middle of the land can not transfer the land. As a result, it is the rural capital that loses money, and it is the farmers and agriculture who are injured. (for details, see "Capital going to the Countryside: having the strength to fight for Land but not the ability to farm", China Youth Daily, April 20)

Last year, the Central Committee issued the opinions on guiding the orderly Circulation of Rural Land Management Rights and developing appropriate scale Management of Agriculture (hereinafter referred to as "opinions"). It is clearly stipulated that: "Industrial and commercial enterprises leasing farmers' contracted land should put on record at different levels according to area. Strict access threshold, strengthen supervision during and after the event, prevent the waste of agricultural land resources and damage farmers' land rights and interests. Prevent the contracted farmers from suffering losses as a result of breach of contract or poor management by the importer. " But in fact, land transfer is a "decentralized market transaction" between enterprises and farmers, and it is very difficult to supervise after the event. The key to solve this problem is to choose the main body of land transfer. On this issue, the "opinion" also stipulates: "actively promote the trusteeship service model that does not change the contracted relationship between farmers and ensure that there are people in the land. We will encourage large grain growers, agricultural machinery cooperatives and agricultural machinery cooperatives to carry out whole-process trusteeship or major production links, so as to achieve unified farming and large-scale production."

Therefore, agricultural machinery professional cooperatives should become the first choice of land transfer. The modern agricultural machinery equipment owned by agricultural machinery professional cooperatives is of great value, which determines that agricultural machinery cooperatives must make full use of agricultural machinery to "plant good land and harvest good grain" in order to recover the cost as soon as possible, which can effectively prevent the non-agricultural and non-grain conversion of land circulation; agricultural machinery cooperatives are more willing to make efforts to improve the quality of cultivated land, such as returning straw to the field, deep ploughing and so on. The transfer of land to specialized agricultural machinery cooperatives is flexible, such as thorough transfer, operation transfer, cooperative transfer, and so on; members of agricultural machinery cooperatives use modern agricultural machinery for production, which makes them understand modern agriculture better. This is not only a "good school" for cultivating new professional farmers, but also a "good way" to increase the scientific and technological content of modern agriculture in our country.

Agricultural machinery cooperatives can also achieve the optimization of the combination of appropriate scale operation and production efficiency. Deng Yuzheng, director of the Agricultural Machinery Bureau of Hengyang County, Hunan Province, believes: "in terms of the best combination of production efficiency and economic benefits, it is most suitable for a small agricultural machinery cooperative to cultivate 300mu. This scale can maximize the effectiveness of a large tractor, a rice transplanter, and a harvester, and the annual income may reach about 200000 yuan. If there are two sets of such agricultural machinery and equipment, it can transfer 600,700 mu of land, and the annual economic income can reach 40 to 500000. If there are three sets of such agricultural machinery and equipment, about 1000 mu of land can be transferred, and the economic benefit can reach 70-800000 a year. For farmers who lack capital but know how to farm, they can afford to set up agricultural machinery cooperatives, and the benefits are considerable. "