It is necessary to prescribe the right medicine to solve the difficult problem of environmental governance in rural areas.

If China wants to be beautiful, the countryside must be beautiful. At present, half of China's population is still in rural areas. How to make the rural land "see the mountains, see the water, and remember homesickness", so that the vast rural areas have become a beautiful home for farmers to live and work in peace and contentment, has become one of the problems that we urgently need to solve.

This year's government work report proposes to strengthen environmental control with emphasis on garbage and sewage and build beautiful and livable villages. Last year, the General Office of the State Council issued the "guidance on improving the Rural Human settlement Environment," which pointed out that by 2020, the basic living conditions of rural residents across the country, such as housing, drinking water, and travel, will be significantly improved, and the living environment will basically be clean, tidy, and convenient, and build a number of beautiful and livable villages with their own characteristics. In order to achieve this goal, the most important thing is to solve the problem of rural domestic waste scientifically and reasonably.

At present, solving the problem of rural garbage and effectively improving the rural environment is an important measure to implement the overall urban and rural development strategy. In recent years, various localities have carried out special renovation of rural garbage, increased sewage treatment and improvement of toilets, promoted the comprehensive renovation of rural rivers and ponds, and strengthened the supervision of the discharge of industrial "three wastes" around rural areas. the construction and renovation of ecological civilization to improve farmers' living conditions has achieved certain results. However, the problem of dirty and messy environment in many rural areas of our country is still not optimistic. Data show that by the end of 2013, of the 588000 administrative villages across the country, only 218000, accounting for 37 percent, had disposed of domestic waste; 14 provinces had less than 30 percent, and a few provinces had less than 10 percent. Other data show that there are 650 million permanent residents in China's rural areas, with an annual output of about 110 million tons of domestic waste, of which 70 million tons are untreated, accounting for 63.6 percent of the total. The problem of rural garbage disposal is extremely urgent.

According to the analysis, the main reasons for the garbage encirclement of the village are as follows: first, the local attention is not enough, and the management of rural domestic waste has not yet been put on the agenda of some local governments. and system construction, division of responsibility and other related work is still lagging behind. Second, the treatment methods are simple and extensive, classified reduction and resource utilization have not been widely implemented, the relevant equipment and facilities are seriously insufficient, more than 70% of the treatment methods are relatively crude, and there is a secondary pollution phenomenon of "pollution while treatment". For example, there are many toxic and harmful wastes in rural areas, which are discarded at will in the fields and rivers, which is easy to cause environmental pollution; rubbish is stacked for a long time, and after being soaked by Rain Water, some toxic and harmful substances pollute the water source and soil; garbage stacking in the open air can easily breed mosquitoes and attract rats, becoming a source of infection of the disease; and the strong carcinogens released by farmers when burning garbage pollute the air, which is harmful to the health of urban and rural residents. Third, the masses are not enthusiastic enough to participate, and in many places "the government is responsible and the peasants look at it." Fourth, the lack of funds, governance costs are not included in the local budget, the gap between construction and operating costs is quite large. These reflect that rural environmental governance has lagged far behind the needs of rural economic and social development. To solve this problem, we need to prescribe the right medicine to the case.

To solve the problem of garbage encirclement of villages, we must first break the bottleneck of system supply and provide the source of running water for system innovation. The first is to establish a capital investment mechanism with government leadership, farmers' participation and social support, strengthen the government's public financial investment, and use public financial funds to lead social funds, gather village funds and absorb villagers' funds, so as to lay a financial foundation for system innovation; the second is to expand the scale and aggregation degree of rural garbage management and improve the economic benefits of garbage management. The third is to strengthen the publicity and education of garbage management, to improve the awareness and level of villagers' garbage management, and to reduce the cost of garbage management; the fourth is to speed up the economic development of villages and accumulate public funds for garbage management. Secondly, we should innovate the garbage management system to achieve garbage reduction, resource utilization and harmlessness. In the system construction, we can consider the construction of compound governance subject. The household, village, township, county and higher-level governments jointly bear the responsibility of governance. In this process, it is necessary to earnestly strengthen organizational leadership, and all relevant departments should, under the unified leadership of the government, perform their own duties, shoulder their own responsibilities, take the initiative to cooperate, and cooperate closely. In short, only when there is a system, funds, ideas, dedicated management, and a multi-pronged approach, can we really solve the problem of rural garbage disposal.