The contradiction between supply and demand of endangered traditional Chinese medicine is expected to be alleviated within 5 years.

China's first special plan for the protection and development of traditional Chinese medicine puts forward that by 2020, the protection and monitoring system of Chinese medicine resources will be basically improved, the contradiction between supply and demand of endangered Chinese medicine will be effectively alleviated, the supply of traditional Chinese medicine products will be adequate, and the quality will continue to improve. Market prices are stable.

Chinese wolfberry became the champion on the list of price increases of traditional Chinese medicine in 2014. As Chinese wolfberry contains a variety of nutrients, coupled with the dual use of medicine and food, there was not only an increase in domestic demand last year, but also a simultaneous increase in volume and price in exports.

At present, with people's attention to health, traditional Chinese medicine is moving from medicine to health products and onto people's dining table. However, as traditional Chinese medicine needs a certain growth cycle and a suitable environment, how to meet the current demand for traditional Chinese medicine and reduce people's concern about the safety and price of traditional Chinese medicine has become the focus of the public.

Recently, the Plan for the Protection and Development of Chinese Medicinal Materials (2015-2020) jointly formulated by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the State Administration of traditional Chinese Medicine and the National Development and Reform Commission (hereinafter referred to as "the Plan") has been officially announced. This is China's first national special plan for the protection and development of traditional Chinese medicine. The Plan points out that by 2020, the protection and monitoring system of Chinese medicine resources will be basically improved, and the contradiction between supply and demand of endangered Chinese medicine will be effectively alleviated. The supply of Chinese medicine products is adequate, the quality continues to improve, the market price is stable, and the level of protection and development of Chinese medicine materials is significantly improved. To this end, the reporter interviewed Mao Weiming, vice minister of industry and information technology, and Wang Guoqiang, director of the State Administration of traditional Chinese Medicine, on related issues.

Resource monitoring points cover 80% of the producing areas

The results of special supervision and sampling of traditional Chinese medicine and prepared slices issued by the State Food and Drug Administration in September 2014 showed that of the 772 batches of samples of 10 varieties, 93 batches were found not to meet the standards. The quality of traditional Chinese medicine and slices tested is not optimistic, and the problems such as dyeing, weight gain, adulteration and adulteration are still prominent.

In 2013, the results of the investigation report on Pesticide pollution in Chinese Medicinal Materials released by the international environmental protection organization Greenpeace said that 40% of Chinese herbal medicines were tested for banned pesticides and 70% for pesticide residues. Such a result makes Chinese people very tangled.

Mao Weiming said: at present, the protection and development of traditional Chinese medicine in China are facing severe challenges. On the one hand, due to the reduction of land resources and the deterioration of the ecological environment, some wild traditional Chinese medicine resources have been lost and exhausted, on the other hand, the production technology of traditional Chinese medicine is relatively backward, emphasizing output over quality, and the abuse of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and growth regulators is more common. it leads to the decline of the quality of traditional Chinese medicine, affects the quality and clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine, and damages the reputation of traditional Chinese medicine.

Previously, in order to effectively protect wild Chinese medicine resources and solve the problems of declining quality and sharp price fluctuations of traditional Chinese medicine, the National Development and Reform Commission, together with relevant departments, has put forward nine policy measures, including "increasing planning and support for the production of Chinese medicinal materials" and "departmental division of labor plan for implementing policies and measures for comprehensive regulation of prices of Chinese medicinal materials." Therefore, to solve the problem of traditional Chinese medicine needs to start from many aspects. At present, in order to achieve high quality and safety, adequate supply and stable prices of traditional Chinese medicine, promote the sustained and healthy development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry, and meet the growing health needs of the people, 12 departments, including the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, have jointly formulated the "Plan."

The Plan not only puts forward the development goals for 2020, but also puts forward some specific indicators: in the protection of traditional Chinese medicine resources, Chinese medicine resources monitoring stations and technical information service network cover more than 80% of the county-level Chinese medicine producing areas; in the development of traditional Chinese medicine cultivation and breeding, 100 kinds of wild Chinese medicine included in the Pharmacopoeia of the people's Republic of China have been planted and cultured, and the output of planting and breeding traditional Chinese medicine has increased by an average of 10% a year. The proportion of raw materials of traditional Chinese medicine determined by traditional Chinese medicine production enterprises has reached 50%, and the localization rate of the main raw materials of the top 100 traditional Chinese medicine production enterprises has reached 60%. In terms of strengthening the supervision of the production and circulation of Chinese medicinal materials, the standardized and centralized storage rate of Chinese medicinal materials reached 70%. The quality standards of 100 kinds of Chinese medicinal materials have been significantly improved, and the coverage rate of national quality supervision and sampling inspection of Chinese medicinal materials has reached 100%.

Deal with the relationship between protection and development

Qinling Mountains is not only the geographical dividing line between southern and northern China, but also known as "north-south plant gathering, north-south biological species bank". However, the results of the fourth national census of traditional Chinese medicine resources show that the resources of traditional Chinese medicine in Qinling Mountains have been seriously damaged due to mining, tourism development, random mining and other reasons. According to incomplete statistics, more than 10 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine have disappeared in Qinling area in the past 30 years. To this end, Wen Jianmin, member of the CPPCC National Committee and director of the Department of Orthopaedics of Wangjing Hospital of the Chinese Academy of traditional Chinese Medicine, proposed a proposal to strengthen the protection of traditional Chinese medicine resources and proposed the establishment of a national protection base of Chinese herbal medicine resources in the Qinling Mountains.

Mao Weiming told reporters that over the years, with the growth of the demand for traditional Chinese medicine, there has been an unprecedented contradiction between the use and protection of traditional Chinese medicine. In this regard, in the process of compiling the "plan," the most important task is how to properly handle the relationship between the protection and development of traditional Chinese medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine is the material basis for the inheritance and development of traditional Chinese medicine, and it is also a strategic resource related to the national economy and people's livelihood. However, excessive collection and use of wild resources will lead to depletion of biological resources and destruction of the natural environment. The "Plan" clearly points out that we should persist in promoting protection through development and seeking development through protection, reduce dependence on wild traditional Chinese medicine through scientific development of traditional Chinese medicine production, and realize the coordination between the sustainable development of traditional Chinese medicine industry and ecological environment protection.

In addition, the Plan puts forward three basic principles, namely, the combination of market leadership and government guidance, the combination of resource protection and industrial development, and the combination of increasing output and improving quality. Specifically, it is market-oriented, integrate social resources, highlight the main role of enterprises in the protection and development of traditional Chinese medicine, and at the same time give full play to the role of government planning and guidance, policy incentives and organization and coordination, so as to create a standardized and orderly market competition environment. Vigorously promote the excavation, scientific and technological innovation, transformation and application of traditional technology, promote the scientific cultivation and breeding of traditional Chinese medicine, earnestly strengthen the protection of resources, reduce the dependence on wild Chinese medicine resources, and realize the coordination between the sustainable development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry and the protection of the ecological environment; strengthen the awareness of quality priority, improve the standard system of traditional Chinese medicine, improve the level of standardization, scale and industrialization of traditional Chinese medicine production, and ensure the market supply and quality of traditional Chinese medicine.

Wang Guoqiang also said that the Plan puts forward a series of safeguard measures from the aspects of improving the relevant laws and regulations and the price formation mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine, strengthening industry supervision, increasing financial and financial support, and speeding up the training of professionals. Some policies and measures are very innovative, for example, it is proposed that when registering traditional Chinese medicine and natural medicine, the raw material origin of traditional Chinese medicine should be clearly defined, and if endangered wild Chinese medicine is used, its resource guarantee must be evaluated. to establish a price formation mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine that reflects the cost of production and operation, the relationship between market supply and demand and the degree of scarcity of resources. All these will play a positive role in the protection and development of traditional Chinese medicine.

Constructing the quality Assurance system of traditional Chinese Medicine

"in the past, a doctor prescribed only half a bag of medicine, but now the same prescription needs a full bag." In the window of the outpatient pharmacy of Beijing Kuanjie traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, an old man received seven large bags of traditional Chinese medicine handed out by a pharmacist and put them in a trolley. The old man said that the effect of traditional Chinese medicine is not as fast as it used to be. I don't know because the doctor's level is not good or the medicine is not good.

Qian Zhongzhi, chief scientist of the State Pharmacopoeia Commission, said that the traditional Chinese medicine industry is a resource-dependent industry. With the increasing demand for traditional Chinese medicine, wild resources alone can no longer support the sustainable development of the industry. Therefore, wild tending and artificial planting have become the main means.

It is understood that planting is the main means to solve the shortage of traditional Chinese medicine resources, but if it violates the law and is planted across regions like agricultural products at will, the quality of medicinal materials will be affected. Zhou Yun, deputy secretary-general of the Chinese Medicine Market Special Committee of the China traditional Chinese Medicine Association, told reporters that now many people say that traditional Chinese medicine is not effective, in fact, part of the reason is that there is something wrong with the quality of traditional Chinese medicine, which has been inherited for nearly 2000 years.

So how to solve these problems? Wang Guoqiang pointed out: according to the Plan, by 2020, the production of commonly used Chinese medicinal materials will develop steadily, the scientific and technological level of Chinese medicinal materials will be greatly improved, and the quality will continue to improve. Therefore, the 2020 development goals will be achieved through the completion of seven main tasks in the future.

The seven tasks are: first, to implement the protection project of wild traditional Chinese medicine resources, to carry out the fourth national survey of traditional Chinese medicine resources, to establish a national dynamic monitoring network of traditional Chinese medicine resources, and to establish a protection system of traditional Chinese medicine germplasm resources; second, to implement the production project of high-quality Chinese medicinal materials, to build a planting and breeding base for endangered and scarce Chinese medicinal materials, a production base for large quantities of high-quality Chinese medicinal materials, and a breeding base for improved varieties of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and to develop the economy of Chinese medicinal materials producing areas. Third, implement the action of technological innovation of traditional Chinese medicine, strengthen the basic research of traditional Chinese medicine, inherit and innovate the production technology of traditional Chinese medicine, break through the breeding technology of endangered and scarce Chinese medicine, develop the modern production technology of Chinese medicine, and strengthen the comprehensive development and utilization of traditional Chinese medicine. Fourth, implement the innovation project of the production organization of traditional Chinese medicine, cultivate modern Chinese medicine production enterprises, promote the co-construction and sharing of traditional Chinese medicine bases, and improve the level of organization of Chinese medicine production. Fifth, construct the quality assurance system of Chinese medicinal materials, improve and improve the standards of Chinese medicinal materials, improve the quality management standards of Chinese medicinal materials and the quality inspection and inspection system of Chinese medicinal materials, and establish a whole process traceability system covering the main varieties of Chinese medicinal materials; sixth, construct the production service system of Chinese medicinal materials, build the production technical service network and production information service platform, and strengthen the supply guarantee of traditional Chinese medicinal materials. Seventh, construct the modern circulation system of traditional Chinese medicine, improve the standardization of the circulation industry of traditional Chinese medicine, and build the modern logistics system of traditional Chinese medicine.

Wang Guoqiang said: in the next step, all relevant departments will further refine their decomposition and implementation, clarify their responsibilities, strengthen cooperation, and give full play to their joint efforts in accordance with the main objectives, specific tasks, and safeguard measures set out in the "Plan." work together to achieve the goal of protection and development of traditional Chinese medicine.