Constructing a new win-win mechanism between industrial and commercial capital and farmers' cooperatives

The decision of the CPC Central Committee on several Major issues of comprehensively deepening Reform (hereinafter referred to as the "decision") adopted by the third Plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Committee clearly puts forward: "adhere to the basic position of family management in agriculture. We will promote the innovation of agricultural management mode of common development, such as family management, collective management, cooperative management, enterprise management and so on. Encourage and guide industrial and commercial capital to develop modern farming industries suitable for enterprise management in rural areas, and import modern factors of production and management models into agriculture. " The decision not only points out the direction of speeding up the construction of a new agricultural management system, but also highlights the important position and role of enterprises in modern agricultural management. From the perspective of local practice, there are four types of independent development models of modern agricultural management, and there are also four types of integrated development models among the subjects. In particular, the enterprise + farmer cooperative model explored and popularized in recent years to achieve mutual integration, learning from each other, joint cooperation, common development and recognized by all parties, is gradually becoming an important force and main path of China's new agricultural management system.

Industrial and commercial capital is one of the main driving forces of innovative agricultural management. As the main form of industrial and commercial capital into agriculture, in order to achieve direct and effective docking with thousands of small-scale production, most of them choose the development mode combined with farmers' cooperatives. This model not only solves the problems of lack of raw materials and unstable supply in enterprises, but also leads to high prices of raw materials, unsustainable production and poor operational stability due to many procurement links, especially those who are not familiar with agricultural production. it has also injected modern production factors and modern management ideas into the development of farmers' cooperatives, such as capital, science and technology, and management talents, and solved the problem that farmers only know agricultural production but do not understand marketing. It has rapidly improved the production and operation level and market competitiveness of farmers' cooperatives, and realized the win-win situation of increasing agricultural production, increasing farmers' income and increasing the efficiency of enterprises. In order to better promote the model of enterprises + farmers' cooperatives, we must pay attention to dealing with the relationship between the two types of business subjects in the development practice, and not only ensure the profits of enterprises, but also protect the vital rights and interests of farmers. build a new mechanism for the healthy and sustainable development of both enterprises and farmers' cooperatives to achieve a win-win situation.

First, it is necessary to establish a close and reasonable interest connection mechanism. The nature of capital is to chase profits to the maximum. The essence of industrial and commercial capital entering agriculture is to get more profits from agricultural production, especially from agricultural added value. It is necessary to establish a reasonable benefit-sharing mechanism between enterprises and farmers' cooperatives to ensure that farmers can not only make profits from land circulation and agricultural production, but also let farmers fully enjoy the value-added profits of enterprises in intensive processing and product sales. On the basis of developing "order" agriculture, we should explore various forms of benefit distribution mechanisms, such as the ownership of land management rights of farmers' cooperatives, so that farmers' cooperatives can really participate in the operation of enterprises and form a close interest relationship between the two. Let farmers effectively enjoy the fruits of the development of industrial and commercial capital into agriculture.

The second is to establish a strict and meticulous access review mechanism. It is necessary to establish a more meticulous, strict and feasible access system and do a good job of "access." Enterprises entering the field of agricultural development shall conduct strict qualification examination in terms of enterprise scale, operating projects, operating capacity, financial strength, scope of services, enterprise reputation, and performance ability. In particular, in accordance with the "opinions on guiding the orderly transfer of Rural Land Management Rights to develop appropriate scale Agriculture" (hereinafter referred to as "opinions") recently issued by the State Office of the CPC Central Committee, in view of the requirements of industrial and commercial enterprises to lease land, make clear the upper limit of the time and specific area of enterprise land transfer, and prevent industrial and commercial capital from leasing land for a long time and in large areas to harm the interests of farmers.

Third, it is necessary to establish a risk control mechanism for full-process tracking. It is necessary to establish a mechanism for enterprises and farmers' cooperatives to share risks so that the rights and interests of vulnerable farmers can be effectively protected. In accordance with the requirements of the "opinion", we should establish a risk fund guarantee mechanism for land transfer based on enterprises, so as to avoid the losses to farmers caused by enterprises failing to perform their contracts normally. It is necessary to establish a whole-process follow-up and supervision mechanism for all government departments. To carry out multi-department joint follow-up and supervision on enterprises' investment in agricultural projects, payment of land rent, strict implementation of interest settlement, especially the use of land transfer, it is necessary to strictly investigate the "four strict prohibitions" raised in the "opinions" in view of the "four strict prohibitions" in land transfer, and resolutely correct those enterprises that change land use without examination and approval, deliberately reclaim land and occupy land, and engage in "non-agricultural" operation. Enterprises that do not make corrections should be resolutely eliminated in accordance with the law and made known to the public. Strictly prevent and investigate and deal with the phenomenon of government policy subsidies.

Fourth, it is necessary to establish a moderate, efficient and accurate support mechanism. Agricultural investment is risky, and industrial and commercial capital still has a lot of concerns and blindness about entering agriculture. It is necessary to do a good job of encouragement and guidance in accordance with the requirements of the "decision" and opinions. Governments and departments at all levels should take measures in line with local conditions, proceed from the reality of their own regions and departments, formulate corresponding support policies, and increase support in land circulation, financial loans, agricultural insurance, infrastructure construction, and tax concessions, so as to provide necessary services such as policy consultation, scientific and technological innovation, talent attraction, and information support for the development of enterprises, so as to improve the accuracy of policy support. Guide enterprises to develop modern planting and breeding industries suitable for enterprise operation, such as improved seed and seedling breeding, high-standard facility agriculture, and large-scale breeding, help enterprises plan and invest in agricultural projects scientifically, and sincerely plan development blueprints for landing enterprises. avoid the blindness of enterprise investment, fully protect the legitimate rights and interests of enterprises, so that industrial and commercial capital can really feel at ease in agricultural development.