Broadening the Research Thinking of New Urbanization

The same path, similar functions,"one face" in thousands of cities and "one size fits all" in management are persistent diseases in the process of urbanization in China. In the study of new urbanization, there are some phenomena such as floating on the surface, lack of novelty, aimlessness and generalities. Such research results obviously lack guidance for practice. To deepen the research on new-type urbanization, we should insist on seeking truth from facts and broaden the research ideas.

Study new-type urbanization from two kinds of train of thought of urban industrial structure layout. There are two ways of thinking about the layout of urban industrial structure: one is that the main business is dominant; the other is that it blossoms on all sides. The development of some industrial and mining towns is a prominent embodiment of the idea of main business alone. Its advantage is that it can maximize the use of local resources to achieve rapid development, and its disadvantage is that the industrial structure is relatively single. For industrial and mining towns, once resources are reduced or even exhausted, development is unsustainable. Since the reform and opening-up, more cities and towns have chosen the development idea of blooming industries on all sides. By strengthening infrastructure construction and attracting investment, a diversified industrial structure has been formed. Its advantage is that it has strong sustainable development ability, but its disadvantage is that some industries are not suitable for local actual conditions, which may lead to unreasonable industrial structure, reduce resource allocation efficiency and cause waste of manpower, financial resources and resources. Many scholars criticized the decline of some industrial and mining towns, and killed the development idea of the main business alone with a stick. However, it should be noted that the main business alone development thinking still has vitality. In recent years, many small towns have succeeded by relying on historical traditions and local resources to follow the road of "one town, one product". The development idea of flowering on all sides is not omnipotent, especially in all places,"attracting investment" and "nesting and attracting phoenix". If it is simply imitated and lacks characteristics, the problems of industrial duplication and overcapacity will follow. Therefore, the study of new urbanization must go deep into specific towns and give reasonable suggestions on industrial development according to the actual situation. For the towns with dominant main business, we should not only plan the continuous industry in advance to avoid the phenomenon of urban decline caused by resource depletion, but also give consideration to the neighbors, form industrial union or complement with the surrounding towns, and realize the scale effect. For cities and towns where industries bloom on all sides, attention should be paid to strengthening the conformity between leading industries and local reality, as well as the coupling and correlation between industries, so as to maximize the efficiency of resource allocation.

Study new-type urbanization from two kinds of orientation of town development. There are two orientations for urban development: "comprehensive and all-round" and "human settlement". Comprehensive and all-round towns emphasize self-sufficiency, pursue "big and complete" or "small and complete" regardless of industrial structure or urban function, and seek "comprehensive" development. The "human settlement" town is based on people-to meet the needs of the public, emphasizing the survival of cultural history, highlighting the city's personality and characteristics. International metropolis usually belongs to "comprehensive omnipotent type", and the best inhabited city (town) must be "human settlement type". It is almost impossible for a town to develop into an international metropolis and the best inhabited city (town) at the same time. The combination of an international metropolis and the best inhabited city (town) can only be realized through urban agglomeration (belt). Each town should determine its own functional orientation according to local conditions in the urban agglomeration (belt) where it is located, and realize its own development in the coordinated development of urban agglomeration (belt) according to the objective law of economic and regional development, division of labor and cooperation, complementary functions. In this regard, there are still many specific issues that need to be studied in depth.

In-depth study of the urbanization process of new urbanization. Urbanization, in the final analysis, is the urbanization of people. At present, the focus is on solving the problem of "three 100 million people", that is, promoting the settlement of about 100 million agricultural migrants in cities and towns, transforming urban shanty towns and villages inhabited by about 100 million people, and guiding about 100 million people to urbanization nearby in the central and western regions. Obviously, the solutions to these three 100 million people problems are different, and there are still many problems to be studied and solved within each 100 million people problem. Taking the settlement of agricultural transferred population in cities and towns as an example, the urbanization of migrant workers is a process with obvious stages: farmers in cities should first solve the problem of employment and livelihood, that is, enjoy the economic rights of urban people; secondly, they should have equal access to public services and enjoy various social protection rights and interests of urban people; finally, they should fully integrate into urban society. Each stage can be subdivided into two sub-stages:"enjoying partial rights" and "equal rights with city people". In this regard, we should not only solve the institutional and mechanism obstacles, but also absorb and summarize the innovative practical experience of various places and raise it to a theoretical level. Among them, there are a lot of practical problems to study and explore.

Promoting new urbanization is an important practical problem. Only by going deep into practice, investigating and studying, and mastering first-hand materials, can we put forward targeted and feasible solutions. There are still many ideas to study new urbanization. Here are only a few examples, hoping to play a role in throwing bricks and attracting jade.