Technical specification for harmless treatment of sick and dead animals issued by the Ministry of Agriculture

Departments (bureaus, commissions and offices) of animal husbandry and veterinary medicine (agriculture, animal husbandry and agriculture) of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities separately listed on the State plan, and the Agricultural Bureau of the Xinjiang production and Construction Corps:

In order to further standardize the operation technology of harmless treatment of sick and dead animals, effectively prevent and control major animal epidemics, and ensure the quality and safety of animal products, according to the Law of the people's Republic of China on Animal epidemic Prevention and other laws and regulations, our Ministry has organized and formulated the Technical Standard for harmless treatment of sick and dead Animals, which is now issued to you, please comply with it.

Ministry of Agriculture

October 15, 2013

Attachment

Technical specification for harmless treatment of sick and dead animals

In order to standardize the operation technology of harmless treatment of dead animal carcasses and related animal products, prevent major animal epidemics and maintain the quality and safety of animal products, this code is formulated in accordance with the Animal epidemic Prevention Law of the people's Republic of China and relevant laws and regulations.

1. Scope of application

This specification stipulates the technical process and operational matters needing attention for the harmless treatment of dead animal carcasses and related animal products, as well as the record requirements for packaging, temporary storage, transportation, personnel protection and harmless disposal in the process of treatment.

2 citing specifications and standards

Law of the people's Republic of China on Animal epidemic Prevention (Presidential order No. 71 of 2007)

Measures for the examination of conditions for Animal epidemic Prevention (decree No. 7 of 2010 of the Ministry of Agriculture)

Measures for the disposal of Animals with unknown causes of Disease and death (trial) (Nong Medical Fa (2005) No. 25)

Rules for biosafety treatment of GB16548 disease animals and disease animal products

Technical requirements for GB19217 medical waste transfer vehicle (trial implementation)

GB18484 pollution Control Standard for Hazardous waste Incineration

GB18597 pollution control standard for hazardous waste storage

GB16297 comprehensive emission standard for air pollutants

GB14554 emission standard for malodorous pollutants

GB8978 comprehensive sewage discharge standard

GB5085.3 Hazardous waste Identification Standard

GB/T16569 code for disinfection of livestock and poultry products

Technical requirements for GB19218 medical waste incinerator (trial implementation)

GB/T19923 urban sewage reuse industrial water quality

When the above standards and documents are revised, the latest version shall be used.

3. Terms and definitions

3.1 harmless treatment

The harmless treatment referred to in this Code refers to the process of using physical and chemical methods to dispose of dead animal carcasses and related animal products, to eliminate the pathogens carried by them, and to eliminate the harm caused by animal carcasses.

3.2 incineration method

Incineration refers to the method of oxidation or pyrolysis of animal carcasses and related animal products in an incineration container under oxygen-rich or non-oxygen conditions.

3.3 Chemical method

Chemical method refers to the treatment of animal carcasses and related animal products under the action of dry heat, pressure or high temperature and pressure by injecting high temperature saturated steam into the interlayer or container in an airtight high pressure vessel.

3.4 burying method

The burying method refers to the method of throwing animal carcasses and related animal products into the cellar or burial pit and covering, disinfecting, fermenting or decomposing animal carcasses and related animal products in accordance with relevant regulations.

3.5 fermentation method

Fermentation method refers to the arrangement of animal carcasses and related animal products and auxiliary materials such as rice chaff and sawdust as required, making use of the biological heat produced by animal carcasses and related animal products or adding specific biological agents, the method of fermenting or decomposing animal carcasses and related animal products.

4 harmless treatment method

4.1 incineration method

4.1.1 Direct incineration

4.1.1.1 Technical process

4.1.1.1.1 crushing and pretreatment of animal carcasses and related animal products can be carried out according to the situation.

4.1.1.1.2 throw animal carcasses and related animal products or broken products into the incinerator body combustion chamber. After full oxidation and pyrolysis, the high temperature flue gas produced goes into the second combustion chamber to continue combustion, and the resulting slag is discharged by the slag discharger. The combustion chamber temperature should be ≥ 850℃.

4.1.1.1.3 the flue gas at the outlet of the secondary combustion chamber meets the discharge standard after being treated by the waste heat utilization system and the flue gas purification system.

4.1.1.1.4 incineration fly ash collected by incinerator slag and dust removal equipment shall be collected, stored and transported respectively. Incinerator slag is treated as general solid waste; solid waste collected by incineration fly ash and other tail gas purification devices is treated as hazardous waste if it is hazardous waste.

4.1.1.2 operational considerations

4.1.1.2.1 strictly control the incineration feed frequency and weight so that the material can be in full contact with the air and ensure complete combustion.

4.1.1.2.2 negative pressure should be maintained in the combustion chamber to avoid flue gas leakage during incineration.

4.1.1.2.3 the residence time of flue gas from the final combustion air jet port or burner outlet to the heat transfer surface or flue cold air ejector should be ≥ 2s.

4.1.1.2.4 there is an emergency exhaust chimney at the top of the secondary combustion chamber, which is opened in case of emergency.

4.1.1.2.5 should be equipped with adequate flue gas purification systems, including spray towers, activated carbon jet adsorption, dust collectors, cooling towers, induced draft fans and chimneys, etc., and the oxygen content in the flue gas at the outlet of the incinerator should be 610% (dry gas).

4.1.2 carbonized incineration

4.1.2.1 Technical process

4.1.2.1.1 Animal carcasses and related animal products are thrown into the pyrolysis carbonization chamber. After full pyrolysis in the absence of oxygen, the pyrolysis flue gas goes into the combustion (secondary combustion) chamber to continue combustion, and the resulting solid carbonization residue is discharged through the pyrolysis carbonization chamber. The pyrolysis temperature should be ≥ 600℃, the combustion chamber temperature ≥ 1100 ℃, and the residence time of flue gas above 1100 ℃ ≥ 2s after incineration.

4.1.2.1.2 after thermal energy recovery in the pyrolysis carbonization chamber, the flue gas is reduced to about 600℃ and enters the smoke exhaust pipe. The flue gas passes through the wet cooling tower for "rapid cooling" and "deacidification", and then enters the activated carbon adsorption and dust collector, and finally reaches the standard before discharge.

4.1.2.2 considerations

4.1.2.2.1 the tightness of the furnace door of the pyrolysis carbonization system should be checked to ensure the oxygen isolation state of the pyrolysis carbonization chamber.

4.1.2.2.2 Pyrolysis gas output pipes should be inspected and cleaned regularly to avoid blockage.

4.1.2.2.3 the top of the pyrolysis carbonization chamber shall be provided with an explosion-proof port connected to the atmosphere, and the pressure relief can be opened automatically when the pressure in the pyrolysis carbonization chamber is too high.

4.1.2.2.4 the pyrolysis temperature, heating rate and residence time of the material in the pyrolysis carbonization chamber should be strictly controlled according to the type and volume of the treatment.

4.2 Chemical method

4.2.1 drying method

4.2.1.1 Technical process

4.2.1.1.1 crushing and pretreatment of animal carcasses and related animal products can be carried out according to the situation.

4.2.1.1.2 Animal carcasses and related animal products or broken products are transported into high temperature and high pressure containers.

4.2.1.1.3 Center temperature ≥ 140℃, pressure ≥ 0.5MPa (absolute pressure), time ≥ 4h (specific treatment time is set according to the type and volume of animal carcasses and related animal products or broken products).

4.2.1.1.4 the hot steam produced by heating and drying is discharged through the waste gas treatment system.

4.2.1.1.5 the residue of animal carcass produced by heating and drying is transferred to the pressing system for treatment.

4.2.1.2 operational considerations

4.2.1.2.1 the working time of the mixing system should be that the drying residue is basically moisture-free, and the mixing time should be extended or shortened appropriately according to the amount of the treated material.

4.2.1.2.2 A reasonable sewage treatment system should be used to effectively remove organic matter and ammonia nitrogen to meet the national discharge requirements.

4.2.1.2.3 A reasonable waste gas treatment system should be used to effectively absorb the malodorous gas produced by animal carcass corruption in the process of treatment, so as to make the exhaust gas meet the relevant national standards.

4.2.1.2.4 operators of high-temperature and high-pressure vessels shall meet the relevant professional requirements.

4.2.1.2.5 after treatment, the wall, floor and related tools should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected.

4.2.2 humidification method

4.2.2.1 Technical process

4.2.2.1.1 crushing and pretreatment of animal carcasses and related animal products can be carried out according to the situation.

4.2.2.1.2 when animal carcasses and related animal products or broken products are sent into high-temperature and high-pressure containers, the total mass shall not exceed 4/5 of the total bearing capacity of the containers.

4.2.2.1.3 treatment center temperature ≥ 135 ℃, pressure ≥ 0.3MPa (absolute pressure), treatment time ≥ 30min (specific treatment time is set according to the type and volume of animal carcasses and related animal products or broken products).

4.2.2.1.4 after the end of high temperature and high pressure, the treated product is separated for the first time.

4.2.2.1.5 after crushing, the solid is sent to the drying system, and the liquid part is sent to the oil-water separation system for treatment.

4.2.2.2 operational considerations

4.2.2.2.1 operators of high temperature and high pressure vessels shall meet the relevant professional requirements.

4.2.2.2.2 after the treatment, the wall, floor and related tools should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected.

4.2.2.2.3 condensed discharge water shall be discharged after cooling, and the resulting wastewater shall be discharged after being treated to the standard by the sewage treatment system.

4.4.2.2.4 the waste gas from the workshop should be treated by installing automatic spray disinfection system, exhaust system and high efficiency particulate air filter (HEPA filter).

4.3 burying method

4.3.1 Direct burial method

4.3.1.1 location requirements

4.3.1.1.1 the location where the terrain is high and dry and is downwind should be selected.

4.3.1.1.2 keep away from animal breeding plants (breeding areas), animal slaughtering and processing places, animal isolation places, animal diagnosis and treatment places, animal and animal products markets, and drinking water sources.

4.3.1.1.3 We should stay away from urban residential areas, populated areas such as culture, education and scientific research, major rivers and major transportation lines such as highways and railways.

4.3.1.2 Technical process

4.3.1.2.1 the volume of the burial pit shall be determined by the actual disposal of animal carcasses and related animal products.

4.3.1.2.2 the bottom of the burying pit should be more than 1.5m higher than the groundwater level and should be impervious and leakproof.

4.3.1.2.3 sprinkle the bottom of the pit with a layer of quicklime or bleach with a thickness of 2-5cm.

4.3.1.2.4 put the animal carcass and related animal products into the pit, the uppermost layer is more than 1.5m from the surface.

4.3.1.2.5 disinfection agents such as quicklime or bleach.

4.3.1.2.6 cover soil with a thickness of not less than 1-1.2 m and a distance of 20-30cm from the surface.

4.3.1.3 operational considerations

4.3.1.3.1 do not bury the overlying soil too solid, lest spoilage and gas production will cause bubbles and liquid leakage.

4.3.1.3.2 after burying, set a warning sign at the burial site.

4.3.1.3.3 after burying, the landfill should be inspected once a day in the first week and once a week from the second week for 3 months continuously, and the collapse of the burial pit should be covered in time.

4.3.1.3.4 immediately after burying, disinfect the burial site thoroughly with disinfectants such as chlorine preparation, bleach or quicklime. It should be disinfected once a day in the first week and once a week from the second week for more than three weeks.

4.3.2 cadaver cellar

4.3.2.1 location requirements

4.3.2.1.1 the body cellar of the livestock and poultry farm should be built in the downwind direction according to the topographic characteristics of the farm.

4.3.2.1.2 the location of the body cellar in villages and towns should be higher and in the downwind direction. It should be kept away from animal breeding plants (breeding areas), animal slaughtering and processing places, animal isolation places, animal diagnosis and treatment places, animal and animal products markets, flood discharge areas, domestic and drinking water sources, and from residential areas and public places, as well as major rivers, highways, railways and other major transportation lines.

4.3.2.2 Technical process

4.3.2.2.1 the body cellar shall be brick and concrete, or steel bar and concrete sealing structure, and shall be impervious and leakproof.

4.3.2.2.2 set the input port at the top, cover the seal and double lock, and set up odor adsorption, filtration and other deodorization devices.

4.3.2.2.3 A certain amount of quicklime or disinfectant should be spread at the bottom of the body cellar before release.

4.3.2.2.4 after release, seal and lock the opening, and disinfect the mouth, the body cellar and the surrounding environment.

4.3.2.2.5 when the animal carcass in the chemical cellar reaches 3/4 of the volume, it shall be discontinued and sealed.

4.3.2.3 considerations

4.3.2.3.1 fences, eye-catching warning signs and professional managers' names and contact telephone signs should be set up around the cellar, and special management should be carried out.

4.3.2.3.2 attention should be paid to the maintenance of the body cellar, and the breakage and leakage of the body cellar should be dealt with in time.

4.3.2.3.3 when the animal carcass in the closed cadaver cellar is completely decomposed, the residue shall be cleaned, the cleaned residue shall be incinerated or buried, and the cadaver cellar shall be thoroughly disinfected before it can be reactivated.

4.4 fermentation method

4.4.1 Technology and technology

4.4.1.1 the structure of fermentation pile is mainly divided into stacking type and fermentation pool type.

4.4.1.2 thick 20cm excipients should be laid at the designated site or at the bottom of the fermentation tank before treatment.

4.4.1.3 the animal carcasses or related animal products are laid on the excipients with a thickness of ≤ 20cm.

4.4.1.4 cover 20cm accessories to ensure that all animal carcasses or related animal products are covered. The stack thickness depends on the number of animal carcasses and related animal products to be disposed of, and is generally controlled at 2-3m.

4.4.1.5 the internal temperature of the composting fermentation reactor was ≥ 54 ℃, which was turned over after one week and completed after 3 weeks.

4.4.1.6 the excipients are the mixture of rice bran, sawdust, straw and corncob, or the pre-fermented products of adding specific biological agents to the mixture of rice bran and sawdust.

4.4.2 operational considerations

4.4.2.1 Animal carcasses and related animal products killed as a result of major animal diseases and zoonotic diseases shall not be disposed of in this way.

4.4.2.2 Rain-proof measures should be taken during fermentation.

4.4.2.3 flat and impervious ground should be selected for stack composting fermentation.

4.4.2.4 A reasonable waste gas treatment system should be used to effectively absorb the malodorous gases produced by the corruption of animal carcasses and related animal products in the process of treatment, so as to make the exhaust gas meet the relevant national standards.

5 collect transport requirements

5.1 Packaging

5.1.1 Packaging materials shall meet the requirements of airtight, waterproof, impervious, damage-proof, corrosion-resistant and so on.

5.1.2 the volume, size and quantity of the packaging material shall match the volume and quantity of animal carcasses and related animal products to be disposed of.

5.1.3 sealing should be carried out after packing.

5.1.4 after use, disposable packaging materials should be destroyed, and recyclable packaging materials should be cleaned and sterilized.

5.2 temporary storage

5.2.1 temporary storage should be carried out by freezing or cold storage to prevent the corruption of animal carcasses before harmless disposal.

5.2.2 temporary storage places should be waterproof, impervious, rodent-proof, theft-proof, and easy to clean and disinfect.

5.2.3 obvious warning signs shall be set up in temporary storage sites.

5.2.4 the temporary storage site and its surrounding environment should be cleaned and disinfected regularly.

5.3 Transport

5.3.1 Select special transport vehicles or closed van vehicles, use corrosion-resistant materials on the four walls and bottoms of the carriages, and take anti-seepage measures.

5.3.2 the wheels and the exterior of the car should be disinfected before leaving the temporary storage, breeding and other places.

5.3.3 vehicles should avoid entering densely populated areas as far as possible.

5.3.4 if leakage occurs during transportation, it should be repackaged, disinfected and transported.

5.3.5 after unloading, transport vehicles and related tools should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected.

6 other requirements

6.1 personnel protection

6.1.1 the staff of the collection, temporary storage, shipment and harmless disposal of animal carcasses shall undergo special training to master the corresponding knowledge of animal epidemic prevention.

6.1.2 staff should wear protective equipment such as protective clothing, masks, goggles, rubber shoes and gloves during operation.

6.1.3 staff should use special collection tools, packaging supplies, vehicles, cleaning tools, disinfection equipment, etc.

6.1.4 upon completion of the work, disposable protective equipment shall be destroyed and recycled protective equipment shall be disinfected.

6.2 recording requirements

6.2.1 accounts and records shall be established for the collection, temporary storage, shipment and harmless disposal of sick and dead animals. Where conditions permit, traffic information of transport vehicles and video records of related links shall be kept.

6.2.2 accounts and records

6.2.2.1 temporary storage link

6.2.2.1.1 receiving accounts and records shall include the source (household), type, quantity, animal identification number, cause of death, disinfection method, collection time, handling personnel, etc., of sick and dead animals and related animal products.

6.2.2.1.2 the shipping account and records shall include transport personnel, contact information, transportation time, license plate number, sick and dead animals and product types, quantity, animal identification number, disinfection method, transportation destination and handling personnel, etc.

6.2.2.2 processing link

6.2.2.2.1 receiving accounts and records shall include the source, type, quantity, animal identification number, transport personnel, contact information, license plate number, receiving time and handling personnel of sick and dead animals and related animal products.

6.2.2.2.2 processing accounts and records shall include processing time, processing mode, quantity of processing and operators, etc.

6.2.3 accounts and records relating to the harmless treatment of sick and dead animals should be kept for at least two years.

CC: animal Health Supervision Institute of provinces, Autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, Animal Health Supervision Institute of Xinjiang production and Construction Corps, China Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, China Animal Health and Epidemiology.

Issued by the General Office of the Ministry of Agriculture on October 17, 2013