How to build a "granary"

As the grain storage of the "granary under the world", in a big way, it is related to the national food security, and in a small way, it is related to the diet of the people. Safe and effective operation is the top priority.

As the main implementer of grain reserves, the scale of grain reserves is very large, and it is very difficult to manage the carts pulled by ponies.

In addition to giving full play to the strong collection and storage capacity of stored grain, we should also encourage local governments, enterprises and farmers to promote various ways of reserve in terms of system and mechanism.

Recently, there are two pieces of news about grain, one is that the northeast temporary storage corn launched the first round of auction on May 7, but the market is very cold, the transaction is not satisfactory. The other is the "old grain Dingxin" incident that took place in Liaoning and Jilin, which attracted widespread attention after being exposed by the media. These two pieces of news do not seem to be connected to each other, but they are related to grain collection and storage, both to the China Grain Storage Group, and to the common theme of the operating mechanism of China Grain Storage.

The temporary storage corn auction refers to the operating mechanism of medium storage grain. In grain storage, rice, wheat, corn and other food crops are first collected and stored in the warehouse through policy support, and then auctioned at the right time to flow the grain to the market. In some years, the auction sales are very smooth, while others are not smooth. Generally speaking, in recent years, due to the continuous bumper harvest of grain, the upside down of grain prices at home and abroad, the increasing cost of processing enterprises, the stock of stored grain is full, and the effect of auction is not good. This is the case that the sale of corn in Northeast China is not ideal.

The "old grain top new" incident also talks about the operating mechanism of grain storage in China. It is the operation law of the grain depot to collect and store new grain and sell old grain every year. Judging from these years, the process of producing Chen Chuxin is generally safe and effective, but because the battle line is too long, there are many points, the operation of medium grain storage is difficult, and supervision is weak, so there are problems such as "turning round grain," replacing it with inferior quality, and replacing it with top packages. "burning even camp" and other problems, this "old grain top new" has once again exposed the problems in the operation mechanism of China grain storage.

Therefore, this kind of operation mechanism of grain storage is of great concern. As the grain storage of the "granary under the world", in a large sense, it is related to the national food security, in the small, it is related to the diet of the people, and safe and effective operation is its top priority. From a practical point of view, the establishment of China Grain Reserve since 1999 is itself the product of the reform and innovation of China's grain circulation and reserve management system. At that time, the domestic grain supply had changed from a long-term shortage to a general balance and a surplus in bumper years, but structural contradictions were prominent, stocks of some grain varieties were overstocked, and some state-owned grain enterprises did not actively sell or take subsidies for excess storage, and the financial subsidies were overburdened. Under this background, China Grain Reserve Management Corporation came into being.

In recent years, the medium grain reserves, which was born in the reform, have played a significant role in ensuring the true quantity, good quality and safe storage of central grain reserves, protecting the interests of farmers and maintaining the stability of the grain market. However, due to the "dominance" in the grain reserve market, China grain reserves also bear a heavier and heavier burden and accumulate more and more contradictions. At the policy level, China Grain Reserve, as the main implementer of the government grain reserve, the reserve scale is very large, the pony pulls the cart, and the management is extremely difficult. In terms of operating mechanism, China Grain Storage implements "unified loan and repayment". All loans needed to entrust storage sites to carry out policy collection and storage are uniformly undertaken by the China Grain Storage system to the Agricultural Development Bank, and China Grain Storage bears all the risks. on the other hand, the board of illegal operation of the agent storage enterprises will first hit the China Storage Grain.

In terms of grain storage itself, because of the "dominance", it has also given rise to the problem of losing its tail. Policy-based collection and storage gives it the advantage that it can make profits from both buying and selling, lacks the driving force for innovation, and will intentionally or unintentionally make use of policy advantages to restrict the development of other main bodies of collection and storage, coupled with the current mechanism dominated by government reserves. as a result, there are too many grain sources under the control of grain storage, and the inventory is out of control. In the supervision of grain collection and storage, on the one hand, the grain storage is inadequate, on the other hand, it is willing to enjoy all kinds of convenience and many benefits brought by monopoly. Some of the grain reserves that have occurred in recent years are strange, although many of them happen to the entrusted enterprises of China grain storage, but the grain storage industry actually knows it.

As a product of reform, the role of stored grain is obvious to all; as a "granary under the world", there are endless calls for further reform. From the point of view of grain reserve, in addition to giving full play to the strong collection and storage capacity of grain storage, local governments, enterprises and farmers should also be encouraged to promote various ways of grain reserve in terms of system and mechanism. From the perspective of grain acquisition, China launched a pilot project to reform the target prices of cotton and soybeans last year, and this reform will continue to move forward, and the market will play a greater role in the formation of grain prices, and all grain enterprises, including China Grain Storage, will show their skills on the premise of giving better play to the market allocation of resources. In the future, policy-oriented grain storage should be attributed to the policy, market-oriented operation should return to the market, and medium grain storage should become a national grain depot and market big grain merchant with strong market competitiveness.