Three characteristics of the new normal of agriculture

What kind of new normal agriculture is facing can be summed up in three sentences, that is, "two-board extrusion", "double-lamp traffic restriction" and "six-production development". The "two boards" are the "ceiling" of agricultural products and the "floor" of cost prices. The "double lights" are the yellow lights of the WTO and the red lights of resources and environment. "six production" means that agriculture can include one production, two production and three industries. One plus two plus three equals six. Therefore, agriculture is called the sixth industry.

The upper and lower "two plates are extruded". The "floor" is constantly rising, and the "floor" refers to the cost and price of agricultural products, which is caused by many factors: first, the price of labor is constantly rising; second, the rent of land is constantly rising; third, the price of pesticides and chemical fertilizers seeds remains high, while the amount of use is constantly increasing; fourth, the cost of agricultural technical services is also increasing. These four factors make the price of agricultural products higher and higher.

The ceiling has been broken. The prices of agricultural products have become red in an all-round way, and some agricultural products have rushed through the "ceiling", which is higher than the price on the international market. The floor is squeezed and the ceiling is raised so that the space for agricultural production is getting smaller and smaller.

Yellow and red "double lights restrict traffic". One is yellow light and the other is red light. The yellow light refers to the "yellow box policy" set by the WTO. China must abide by the rules of the WTO after its accession to the WTO.

The "red light" refers to resources and environment, and the red light of resources and environment has been on. Agricultural resources are scarce and environmental pollution is serious. There are three major factors that China's agricultural resources are most tight: the first is cultivated land, the second is water resources, and the third is the increasing shortage of agricultural labor resources. The phenomenon of leaving, dislike and abandoning agriculture has spread in the whole society.

These resources and environmental problems have become two "curses", seriously affecting the improvement of the quantity and quality of China's agricultural products, and the cheap and high quality of foreign agricultural products form a strong competitive situation, so that China's agriculture is facing unprecedented new challenges.

The "sixth industry" is developed. To build agriculture into a "sixth industry" is the key and core, and the most urgent task is to lengthen the industrial chain: to inject modern elements to transform the first production; to pay close attention to the theme of the four products, to enhance the secondary industry; and to make innovative breakthroughs and develop the third industry.

First of all, we should inject modern elements and do a good job in four articles on the transformation of the first production: first, do a good job of the article. On the basis of confirming the right to register and issue certificates, we will promote the appropriate scale operation of land. The national conditions of our country determine that the scale of agricultural management must be moderate. The second is to do a good job in the article of "people". First of all, it is necessary to train modern professional farmers, and the second is the organization of farmers. The third is to do a good job of money articles. Lack of funds is the biggest obstacle to rural development. The fourth is to do a good job in the "green box" article. The "yellow box" has been closed, and the "green box" should be fully opened. For example, investment should be increased in land consolidation, irrigation and water conservancy, rural roads, poverty alleviation and development.

Secondly, we should pay close attention to the "four products" and upgrade the secondary production. In order to upgrade the secondary industry, we must first build several industrial chains completely. The first is the production and processing industry chain of grain and agricultural products; the second is the production and processing industry chain of animal husbandry and aquatic products; the third is the production and processing industry chain of forestry and forest products; the fourth is the comprehensive utilization of straw industry chain. The "four products" are the appearance, quality, taste and brand of agricultural products processing.

Thirdly, we should strive to innovate and break through and upgrade the three industries. The agricultural service industry has broad prospects for development. The more developed countries are, the more popular the agricultural service industry is. American farmers account for more than 1% of the total population, while agricultural services account for 20 per cent of the total population. The untapped potential of this industry in China is huge.

First, innovative research and development. Especially seeds, the society is very divided on the issue of transgenic, but as a scientific research on transgenic technology, we must continue to study it in depth. In addition, R & D should also follow the trend of future agricultural development and be in line with international standards.

The second is innovative service. We should innovate the services of the whole industry chain; we should provide large-scale services, the most typical of which is agricultural machinery services; and we should provide "stupid" services. Now agricultural households need a variety of services is very complex, you can create a model, a phone call, enterprises can provide all the agricultural services they need.

The third is the innovative format. Under the Internet background of cloud computing big data, many incredible new business type will soon be born in unexpected ways. Today's Internet thinking is to get rid of all the intermediate links, manufacturers to bring things to direct sales users, this is new business type.