The appropriate scale of farmland is 30 mu per household

The fourth China International Agro-Business Summit Forum 2015 was held in Beijing on May 17. Zou Lixing, deputy director of the Research Institute of the head Office of the China Development Bank, attended and delivered a speech.

Zou Lixing said that the moderate scale of small-scale peasant economy is an important phenomenon and trend that has existed for a long time in China. "the so-called moderate scale is about 20 to 30 mu per household. If it is too large, it is difficult, and if it is too small, it is not realistic."

Zou Lixing gave five reasons. First, farmers have a deep-rooted complex for land. Second, the small-scale peasant economy has indomitable vitality, contains the power to inherit the blood, and embodies the characteristics of the combination of social reproduction and natural reproduction. Third, small-scale peasant economy transaction costs are relatively low, even for family farms and professional farming households, it is relatively easy to mobilize relatives and use internal labor. Fourth, the small-scale peasant economy has a strong ability to adapt to the market. Fifth, the small-scale peasant economy provides employment income opportunities for farmers.

The following is a transcript of the speech:

Zou Lixing: take this opportunity to simply exchange three questions with your friends.

First, the contribution of land.

Second, the plight of land.

Third, the choice of land.

As a scarce strategic resource, the contribution of land to the population is obvious to all. China uses only 7% of the world's available arable land to feed 20% of the world's population. The importance of this land contribution is obvious.

The second is the price difference contribution of land. I give a rough figure, that is, the grade difference of land. Through the net differential income, the contribution to industrialization and urbanization is about 3 trillion yuan, which is the contribution of land to the country.

Another very important contribution is the financial contribution of land. We all know that land finance is a very important source of revenue for our government. At its peak (2010), the proportion of land finance in local revenue reached 76%. It has declined in the past two years and reached 44% in 2012, which is a great contribution.

One drawback of land is that it cannot be used endlessly. Under such circumstances, it has encountered a dilemma in four aspects:

1. The area of arable land per capita is getting smaller and smaller, and now the rate of decline in arable land per capita is the fastest in the world. According to the data in 2008, it has reached only more than 0.08 hectares per capita, which shows that our land is directly related to food security, which is a very challenging thing.

2. Agricultural land is very trivial. On the one hand, the phenomenon of abandonment and idleness is very serious, on the other hand, the phenomenon of extensive land management has been very serious, which is the dilemma of land in our country.

3. The intergenerational division of farmers is relatively serious. Young adults go out to work, and the elderly, women and children stay at home, forming an army of 993861. Migrant workers simply move in different places, resulting in heavy social costs and sacrificing the happiness of three generations. Migrant workers themselves lack a sense of family well-being, the labor and mental burden of the left-behind elderly is particularly heavy, and the education and psychological safety of left-behind children are very prominent. After the transfer of rural labor force to the cities, the problem of hollowing out in rural areas is becoming more and more serious, and the social security situation is also very serious.

4. The phenomenon of dilapidation in rural areas is quite serious, but we still face the reality. The characteristics of the countryside gradually disappear and the hollowing out is prominent. Let me give an example here. For example, there is a village in Linchuan, Jiangxi Province. a field survey of this village shows that 93% of the 103 old houses are vacant in that place, accounting for 23.9% of the total homestead. Reflected not only in the changes in the appearance of the countryside, but also in the changes in the rural society, the rural human feelings are very unfamiliar, the rural labor force is ownerless, and now the main labor force is ownerless. The third is the hollowing out of the countryside, the fourth is the diversification of the rural economy, the fifth is the disappearance of the rural culture, and the sixth is the fragmentation of the rural society. Many traditional villages are disbanded, covered with barren grass, the number of people in the countryside is reduced, and the disorder in the countryside is more and more serious. more and more can not find the original flavor.

In this period of great change, with the transition of traditional society and the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, great changes and changes in rural society are inevitable, and all kinds of problems are problems in development. it is also solved in the process of development.

What is the way to solve this problem? The Central Committee has document No. 1 every year. Maybe if we look at it now, from an academic point of view, first of all, we have to look at the next period of time, we feel that three major changes will take place in the countryside.

1. The countryside with historical tradition has been transformed into a village with the combination of tradition and modernity with the trend of modernization.

2. Chinese farmers will be transformed into rural citizens with modern consciousness.

3. China's agriculture will be transformed into such an industry with a scale of 20 to 30 mu as the main body and a modern technological level of diversified economy.

In the course of this transformation, there are about six measures worth considering.

First of all, we look at a vision of the combination of traditional and modern, what kind of village the village will be in the future, we think it should be an economic brand, the characteristics of rural culture, the legalization of rural society, and the livable state of rural social environment. From the perspective, what kind of village do we want our village to be? I think our village is such a combination of traditional and modern vision.