Why is urbanization "cold"?

Do not copy the model of big cities in rural areas, especially in some small towns. Only by allowing residents to build houses on their own land can they have personality, develop the service industry on this basis, have vitality and vitality, can they see the mountains, see the water, and remember to live in homesickness.

Recently, at the sub-forum of "opportunities for re-urbanization" at the annual meeting of China Green Company, Li tie, director of the Urban and small Town Reform and Development Center of the National Development and Reform Commission, had an in-depth dialogue with the distinguished guests.

Why is urbanization "cold"?

Today, the urbanization model of the past has basically come to an end, and the house can not be sold. Now, the mode of relying on land sales has become unsustainable, and local officials do not know what to do in the future. And what is the situation faced by real estate developers? Due to anti-corruption, structural surplus and other reasons, the houses developed can not be sold, resulting in the entire economy facing downward pressure. The urbanization of "do it quickly" has come to an end, and at the same time it has encountered the trough of cyclical fluctuations in economic development, so the enthusiasm is gone.

When we look at urbanization, we should mainly look at two points.

First, is city life more convenient? Take Shenyang as an example, from Shenyang airport to the hotel is a wide two-way driveway, there are green belts along the road, extremely extravagant and luxurious, but what is the real use? I don't see much flow of people and cars. Many lights are still on after nine or ten o'clock in the evening, which is called "brightening project". Many projects in China are face-saving. Money is spent on face-saving projects, but they are of no use in facilitating the lives of residents.

In European and American countries, such as Switzerland and the Netherlands, it gets dark after 8 o'clock in the evening, even in some countries with rich nightlife, the street lights are not on or brightly lit at night, but only in those areas where nightlife is on and the atmosphere is needed. Businesses take the initiative to brighten to attract customers, and we invest a lot of money in image projects. If the road in a city is wide and the scene is big, but it is not convenient to go anywhere and you have to drive, then I think there will be a problem. What's the problem? First of all, the allocation of resources is not good; second, city people feel that "only face, no interiors", and life is inconvenient; third, lights are on every night, resulting in serious waste, but cities large and small are doing so.

Second, many cities are far more luxurious than Western countries. Cities in western countries have come through hundreds of years of development, but can our cities let migrant workers in? Many city managers think that it is uncoordinated to see migrant workers on the road, so they stipulate that they cannot engage in rented houses, set up stalls or engage in employment in various low-end service industries. In fact, this kind of development path is contrary to the two goals of "people-oriented" and "sustainable development" put forward by the central government, but in our life, it is precisely a basic model that cities large and small are following. If the urbanization of this model still goes on so vigorously, is there any value?

At present, there is no real "smart city" in our country.

Let's start with the green city. In foreign countries, the core problem of "low-carbon, green and ecological" is not "visible green" or "green", but the substantial improvement in the efficiency of resource allocation, so green cities are also called compact cities. The so-called compact city means that citizens can get the largest consumption radius and life radius as well as the most consumption choices within the minimum distance and in the shortest time. This is the first concept of "green". However, in order to achieve the compactness and high efficiency of the city, we must use the corresponding technical means, and we now have the ability to achieve this goal.

Secondly, about the smart city. The whole world has a different understanding of smart cities. For example, the Songdo Wisdom City in South Korea has set up numerous cameras throughout the city, with traffic and law and order. All the cameras are connected to an intelligent control center, so that they can see what is happening in every corner and can deal with unexpected incidents. This is called the smart city. For example, Changwon and other cities in South Korea have established a control system for public rental bicycles, which is also called a smart city. For example, some cities in Japan digitize the things of new energy, while some cities in Europe and the United States make extensive use of modern technology and intelligent energy management means, which are called smart cities.

In China, because of the Internet, big data and cloud platforms, many people wonder: as long as the government builds big data and cloud platforms, it will build a smart city. According to my understanding, there may be some cities in China that use modern technology in urban management, but there is no intelligent city that has really reached the comprehensive level.

Which city in the world is wiser?

Among the well-built smart cities in the world, the Japanese cypress leaf I have seen is one, which focuses on the intelligent management of household energy and community energy. As soon as a person leaves home, all the energy in the house should be turned off and what should be left. Before going home, you can preheat up in advance if you want to. When energy use is low during the day, all energy is concentrated in a large power storage system; when energy use reaches its peak at night, it automatically flows back from the storage system to households, all of which are controlled by the control center. At the same time, the energy consumption of each household has statistics, and those who consume less energy will be rewarded with community service. This is the best comprehensive intelligent city I have ever seen.

But in China, our goal is not only limited to energy management, but also important in other aspects, such as the need for convenience of life. Can you solve the problem by shopping online and completing different payment services such as electricity, property, water and so on? The current house only provides a single living function, and the future health, medical and insurance services can be infiltrated into the family life through the intelligent control system of the housing. In addition, can the government's public services infiltrate every corner through the intelligent system of the whole community? We have this condition.

Give me an example. Not long ago, there was a hit-and-run accident at Xibianmen in Beijing. We saw almost the entire live broadcast on Wechat and Weibo, but by the time the police arrived at the scene, the car had already run away. Every mobile phone user's feedback on the information or the scene of any event contains huge resources. if you can make full use of the information posted on the network, you may catch the car causing the accident every minute. the reason is that Weibo and Wechat can release information immediately, so it is very convenient to catch the perpetrators, but unfortunately, these two systems have not yet played a role in handling the incident.

How to use existing resources to improve public services is the key. At present, the intelligent control center is only limited control, if we can transfer a large amount of data to the control center, we can form a monitoring platform and play a more full role. For example, if the toilet seat at home is broken and the child is injured, the information can be quickly transmitted to the control center and fed back to the information processing center in time. Although we haven't done it at the moment, we can do it. South Korea's smart home module enables every remote system to be operated by mobile phones; in the past, viewers watched passively what was broadcast on TV stations, and could not choose, but now we can regard smart TV as a massive data and information platform. Viewers can play whatever they want. If this function can be further evolved in the future, then all public services can be seen and solved through only one mobile phone terminal, so how convenient life will be.

Smart city gives us countless room for imagination, but it is by no means a single content.

It's not a good thing for everyone to go to town.

First, we now have a population of 1.34 billion, and the population peak is 1.42 billion. If the second child is generally liberalized, the population peak may be as high as 1.44 billion. This is a population problem. Second, the urbanization rate of our registered population is 39%, less than 40%, and more than 800 million or even 900 million farmers are still in rural areas. Third, the gap between urban and rural areas has not narrowed as much as we imagined. To the central and western regions, the gap between urban and rural areas is still very large. Therefore, this project will take a very long time.

Many people stand in the city and look at the countryside, but if all the rural problems are solved in the city, it will bring bigger problems. The urbanization we imagine is different from the urbanization that actually happens. if farmers are forced to go to cities out of good intentions, after they go to cities, although they have changed their new houses, what do they eat and drink? What about income and how to increase consumption? It is not a good thing for everyone to go to the city. If there is no job, but the consumption cost is greatly increased, it is not a good choice. It can be summed up in one sentence: the ideals of urban people should not be used to demand the countryside.

The countryside should not copy the model of big cities, but should have individuality.

In countries all over the world, during the first urbanization process, houses are built on their own land; in the process of re-urbanization, with the increase of urban land prices, urban renewal will be formed, which is a common phenomenon. There is a similar phenomenon of new town construction in South Korea and China, as well as demolition. But for rural areas and villages and towns, I particularly hope that they can build houses on their own land instead of demolishing them.

Now it is difficult to find cities with historical traces and cultural details in the past. Why? They were all torn down and built into the same look. Why do so many people like the old town? Because the old town is self-built houses, there is a gap between the rich and the poor, the formation of large houses, small houses, row after row, and finally preserved.

Do not copy the model of big cities in rural areas, especially in some small towns. Only by allowing residents to build houses on their own land can they have personality, develop the service industry on this basis, have vitality and vitality, can they see the mountains, see the water, and remember to live in homesickness.